delete()
方法可用於刪除檔案或空白目錄/資料夾,如果檔案被刪除,delete()方法傳回true,如果檔案不存在則返回false。
如果刪除目錄,delete()
方法檢查目錄是否為空,如果目錄為空,則刪除目錄,否則delete()方法不會執行任何操作並傳回false,所以在這種情況下,必須遞歸刪除所有文件,然後再刪除目錄。
刪除非空目錄的另一種方法是使用Files.walkFileTree()
方法,在這種方法中,可以逐一處理所有文件,並在單一文件物件上呼叫delete()
方法。
刪除檔案範例:
package com.journaldev.files;import java.io.File;public class DeleteFileJava { /** * 此类显示如何在Java中删除文件 * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { // 带路径的文件名 File file = new File("tmp/tmp2/file.txt"); if(file.delete()){ System.out.println("tmp/tmp2/file.txt File deleted"); }else System.out.println("File tmp/tmp2/file.txt doesn't exist"); // 只提供文件名称 file = new File("file.txt"); if(file.delete()){ System.out.println("file.txt File deleted from Project root directory"); }else System.out.println("File file.txt doesn't exist in the project root directory"); //relative path file = new File("temp/file.txt"); if(file.delete()){ System.out.println("temp/file.txt File deleted from Project root directory"); }else System.out.println("File temp/file.txt doesn't exist in the project root directory"); // 删除空的目录 file = new File("temp"); if(file.delete()){ System.out.println("temp directory deleted from Project root directory"); }else System.out.println("temp directory doesn't exist or not empty in the project root directory"); // 试图删除非空目录 file = new File("D:/user/maxsu/project"); if(file.delete()){ System.out.println("D:/user/maxsu/project directory deleted from Project root directory"); }else System.out.println("D:/user/maxsu/project directory doesn't exist or not empty"); }}
注意:與createNewFile()不同,delete方法不會拋出IOException異常。
下面是一個簡單的程序,示範如何刪除非空目錄,如果目錄包含有文件,刪除目錄不會成功。
刪除目錄範例:
import java.io.File;public class JavaDeleteDirectory { public static void main(String[] args) { File dir = new File("D:/worksp/java/log"); if(dir.isDirectory() == false) { System.out.println("Not a directory. Do nothing"); return; } File[] listFiles = dir.listFiles(); for(File file : listFiles){ System.out.println("Deleting "+file.getName()); file.delete(); } //现在目录为空,所以可以删除它 System.out.println("Deleting Directory. Success = "+dir.delete()); }}
遞歸刪除目錄範例:
import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.file.FileVisitResult; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.nio.file.Path; import java.nio.file.Paths; import java.nio.file.SimpleFileVisitor; import java.nio.file.attribute.BasicFileAttributes; public class JavaDeleteDirectoryRecursively { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { Path directory = Paths.get("D:/worksp/maxsu/log"); Files.walkFileTree(directory, new SimpleFileVisitor<Path>() { @Override public FileVisitResult visitFile(Path file, BasicFileAttributes attributes) throws IOException { Files.delete(file); // 有效,因为它始终是一个文件 return FileVisitResult.CONTINUE; } @Override public FileVisitResult postVisitDirectory(Path dir, IOException exc) throws IOException { Files.delete(dir); //这将起作用,因为目录中的文件已被删除 return FileVisitResult.CONTINUE; } }); }}
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