本文主要介紹如何在SpringBoot 2 中使用 Listener 的快速搭建教程,閱讀前需要你必須了解 Listener 的基礎使用以及如何搭建 SpringBoot 項目。
快速示範動作
第一步:寫 Listener 並且在 Listener 類別上宣告 @WebListener 註解。具體程式碼如下:
@WebListener public class ApplicationListener implements ServletContextListener{ private Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ApplicationListener.class); @Override public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) { log.info("ApplicationListener 监听器启动..."); } @Override public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) { log.info("ApplicationListener 监听器销毁..."); } }
第二步:透過 JavaConfig 方式將編寫的 ApplicationListener 類別注入到 Spring 的上下文中。
將自訂ApplicationListener 傳入到ServletListenerRegistrationBean的建構中,然後建立ServletListenerRegistrationBean Bean實例,具體程式碼如下:
@Configuration public class WebApplicationConfig { @Bean public ServletListenerRegistrationBean<ApplicationListener> userServlet(){ return new ServletListenerRegistrationBean<ApplicationListener> (new ApplicationListener()); } }
或在啟動類別上宣告@ServletComponentScan 註解,具體程式碼如下:
@SpringBootApplication @ServletComponentScan public class SpringbootExamplesApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringbootExamplesApplication.class, args); } }
測試
啟動SpirngBoot 專案會看到在ApplicationListener 中定義ApplicationListener 監聽器銷毀… 日誌資訊。
2019-10-04 00:58:39.361 INFO 5184 --- [ restartedMain] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean : Servlet dispatcherServlet mapped to [/] 2019-10-04 00:58:39.375 INFO 5184 --- [ restartedMain] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*] 2019-10-04 00:58:39.376 INFO 5184 --- [ restartedMain] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*] 2019-10-04 00:58:39.376 INFO 5184 --- [ restartedMain] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'formContentFilter' to: [/*] 2019-10-04 00:58:39.377 INFO 5184 --- [ restartedMain] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*] 2019-10-04 00:58:39.420 INFO 5184 --- [ restartedMain] c.lijunkui.listener.ApplicationListener : ApplicationListener 监听器启动...
在啟動狀態下在此啟動該項目,雖然會報錯但是可以看到在ApplicationListener 中定義銷毀的日誌資訊輸出。
Caused by: java.net.BindException: Address already in use: bind at sun.nio.ch.Net.bind0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_144] at sun.nio.ch.Net.bind(Net.java:433) ~[na:1.8.0_144] at sun.nio.ch.Net.bind(Net.java:425) ~[na:1.8.0_144] at sun.nio.ch.ServerSocketChannelImpl.bind(ServerSocketChannelImpl.java:223) ~[na:1.8.0_144] at sun.nio.ch.ServerSocketAdaptor.bind(ServerSocketAdaptor.java:74) ~[na:1.8.0_144] at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.initServerSocket(NioEndpoint.java:236) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.12.jar:9.0.12] at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.bind(NioEndpoint.java:210) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.12.jar:9.0.12] at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.start(AbstractEndpoint.java:1108) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.12.jar:9.0.12] at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start(AbstractProtocol.java:550) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.12.jar:9.0.12] at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.startInternal(Connector.java:957) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.12.jar:9.0.12] ... 19 common frames omitted 2019-10-04 01:01:07.860 INFO 7864 --- [ restartedMain] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Stopping service [Tomcat] 2019-10-04 01:01:07.863 INFO 7864 --- [ restartedMain] c.lijunkui.listener.ApplicationListener : ApplicationListener 监听器销毁... 2019-10-04 01:01:07.876 INFO 7864 --- [ restartedMain] ConditionEvaluationReportLoggingListener :
小結
SpringBoot 中整合Listener步驟如下:
#需要在Listener上宣告@WebListener
在啟動類別上聲明@ServletComponentScan註解或將
Listener透過ServletListenerRegistrationBean 包裝然後透過JavaConfig
方式將其註入到Spring上下文中。
程式碼範例
我本機環境如下:
SpringBoot Version: 2.1.0.RELEASE
#Apache Maven Version: 3.6.0
Java Version: 1.8.0_144
IDEA:Spring Tools Suite (STS)
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