Python的Queue模組中提供了同步的、線程安全的隊列類,包括FIFO(先入先出)隊列Queue,LIFO(後入先出)隊列LifoQueue,和優先權隊列PriorityQueue 。這些佇列都實作了鎖原語,能夠在多執行緒中直接使用。可以使用佇列來實現線程間的同步。
Queue模組中的常用方法:
1.Queue.qsize() 傳回佇列的大小
2.Queue.empty() 如果佇列為空,則傳回True ,反之False
3.Queue.full() 如果佇列滿了,返回True,反之False
4.Queue.full 與maxsize 大小對應
5.Queue .get([block[, timeout]])取得佇列,timeout等待時間
6.Queue.get_nowait() 相當Queue.get(False)
7.Queue.put(item ) 寫入佇列,timeout等待時間
8.Queue.put_nowait(item) 相當Queue.put(item, False)
9.Queue.task_done() 在完成一項工作之後,Queue.task_done()函數向任務已經完成的佇列發送一個訊號
10.Queue.join() 實際上意味著等到佇列為空,再執行別的操作
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- import Queue import threading import time exitFlag = 0 class myThread (threading.Thread): def __init__(self, threadID, name, q): threading.Thread.__init__(self) self.threadID = threadID self.name = name self.q = q def run(self): print "Starting " + self.name process_data(self.name, self.q) print "Exiting " + self.name def process_data(threadName, q): while not exitFlag: queueLock.acquire() if not workQueue.empty(): data = q.get() queueLock.release() print "%s processing %s" % (threadName, data) else:queueLock.release() time.sleep(1) threadList = ["Thread-1", "Thread-2", "Thread-3"] nameList = ["One", "Two", "Three", "Four", "Five"] queueLock = threading.Lock() workQueue = Queue.Queue(10) threads = [] threadID = 1 # 创建新线程 for tName in threadList: thread = myThread(threadID, tName, workQueue) thread.start() threads.append(thread) threadID += 1 # 填充队列 queueLock.acquire() for word in nameList: workQueue.put(word) queueLock.release() # 等待队列清空 while not workQueue.empty(): pass # 通知线程是时候退出 exitFlag = 1 # 等待所有线程完成 for t in threads: t.join() print "Exiting Main Thread"
以上程式執行結果:
Starting Thread-1 Starting Thread-2 Starting Thread-3 Thread-1 processing One Thread-2 processing Two Thread-3 processing Three Thread-1 processing Four Thread-2 processing Five Exiting Thread-3 Exiting Thread-1 Exiting Thread-2 Exiting Main Thread
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