這篇文章主要介紹了關於對js中宿主對象的解析,有著一定的參考價值,現在分享給大家,有需要的朋友可以參考一下
宿主對象即瀏覽器提供的對象,主要包括DOM對象和BOM對象。
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">SGML(标准通用标记语言)是定义使用标签来表示数据的标记语言的语法。<br> - 标签由一个小于号和一个大于号之间的文本组成,如b2386ffb911b14667cb8f0f91ea547a7<br> - 标签分为起始标签和结束标签,分别表示一个特定区域的开始和这个特定区域的结束,如b2386ffb911b14667cb8f0f91ea547a7标题6e916e0f7d1e588d4f442bf645aedb2f<br> - 特性是定义在起始标签内的值。如987e85750ca55ce536dfd79e452bbcda,src就是其特性<br>HTML遵循SGML标记语言的语法,它是的SGML一种应用。或者说,SGML用来定义HTML的文档类型定义(DTD)。SGML还用来编写XML的DTD。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">XML对SGML的语法做了更细致和严谨的扩展。<br> - SGML的奇怪语法:<br> - 某些标签不语序出现结束标签,如HTML中的a1f02c36ba31691bcfe87b2722de723b标签,否则会出现错误。<br> - 某些标签的结束标签可以不写,如HTML中的e388a4556c0f65e1904146cc1a846bee标签。<br> - 标签可以以任何顺序嵌套,如e388a4556c0f65e1904146cc1a846bee45a2772a6b6107b401db3c9b82c049c294b3e26ee717c64999d7867364b1b4a354bdf357c58b8a65c66d7c19c8e4d114。<br> - 某些特性必须包含值,如489c580dcc4e72119dc2f28cced6fd5f。<br> - 某些特性不要求一定有值,如904b6b39b75ef1127fe85748522f0103。<br> - 定义特性的两边有没有加双引号都是可以的,如b27846dc685a1200c62a5e67183e6529也是允许的。<br> - XML去掉了许多SGML中的随意语法,并且规定了新的语法:<br> - 任何的起始标签都必须有一个结束标签。<br> - 可以采用另一种简化语法,即一个标签同时表示起始标签和结束标签,即cd02bdb502a3e8db9c0fb45c5fc9dac3,如df250b2156c434f3390392d09b1c9563,231a563c997aa9e3e0ae614bd16728b0。<br> - 标签必须按合适的顺序嵌套。就近原则书写结束标签。<br> - 所有的特性都必须有值。<br> - 所有的特性都必须在值得周围加上双引号。<br>XML衍生出了MathML、SVG、RDF、RSS等等。同时,HTML被改进为XHML,即遵循XML语法的HTML。XHMTL被称为严格模式。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">XML定义了HTML的数据排版和解析方式。根据XML语言规范,需要制定API来实现对<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">这些数据的操作和访问。<br>DOM模型就是最为流行的针对XML的基于树的API。它将XML解析为一颗有节点的树模型,并使用一系列互相关联的对象来表示XML的代码。从而能够指导开发增删改查等具体API的实现。<br>* DOM是语言无关的API,它并不与其它语言绑定。但对于JavaScript而言,DOM被习惯理解成API集合。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;">HTML DOM <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">(文档对象模型)<br><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> - 当网页被加载时,浏览器会创建页面的文档对象模型(<span style="color: #808080;">Document Object Model<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">)。<span style="color: #808080;"><br><span style="color: #808080;"> - HTML DOM <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">模型被构造为对象的树。<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">通过<span style="color: #808080;"> HTML DOM<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">,可访问<span style="color: #808080;"> HTML <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">文档的所有元素。<span style="color: #808080;"><br><span style="color: #808080;"> - 100db36a723c770d327fc0aef2ce13b1<br><span style="color: #808080;"> 93f0f5c25f18dab9d176bd4f6de5d30e<br><span style="color: #808080;"> b2386ffb911b14667cb8f0f91ea547a7...6e916e0f7d1e588d4f442bf645aedb2f<br><span style="color: #808080;"> ...<br><span style="color: #808080;"> 9c3bca370b5104690d9ef395f2c5f8d1<br><span style="color: #808080;"> 6c04bd5ca3fcae76e30b72ad730ca86d<br><span style="color: #808080;"> e388a4556c0f65e1904146cc1a846bee<br><span style="color: #808080;"> ...<br><span style="color: #808080;"> 94b3e26ee717c64999d7867364b1b4a3<br><span style="color: #808080;"> ...<br><span style="color: #808080;"> 36cc49f0c466276486e50c850b7e4956<br><span style="color: #808080;"> 73a6ac4ed44ffec12cee46588e518a5e<br> - <span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">通过可编程的文档对象模型,<span style="color: #808080;">JavaScript <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">获得了足够的能力来创建动态的<span style="color: #808080;"> HTML<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">。<span style="color: #808080;"><br><span style="color: #808080;"> - JavaScript <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">能够改变页面中的所有<span style="color: #808080;"> HTML <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">元素<span style="color: #808080;"><br><span style="color: #808080;"> - JavaScript <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">能够改变页面中的所有<span style="color: #808080;"> HTML <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">属性<span style="color: #808080;"><br><span style="color: #808080;"> - JavaScript <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">能够改变页面中的所有<span style="color: #808080;"> CSS <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">样式<span style="color: #808080;"><br><span style="color: #808080;"> - JavaScript <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">能够对页面中的所有事件做出反应<br></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> - 即<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;">Javascript<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">可以操作四个内容<span style="color: #808080;">:,<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;">html<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">元素、<span style="color: #808080;">html<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">属性、<span style="color: #808080;">css<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">样式、事件。<br> - HTML DOM 是浏览器对象BOM的一个属性</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">DOM定义了树节点(node)的层次和其Node接口:<br> - Document 最顶层的节点,所有的其它节点都是附属于它的。<br> - DocumentType DTD引用(使用1a309583e26acea4f04ca31122d8c535),如5f93f0836788ea4b78b2789d8875111c。它不能包含子节点。<br> - DocumentFragment 可以像Document一样来保存其它节点。<br> - Element 表示起始标签和结束标签之间的内容。这是唯一可以同时包含特性和子节点的节点类型。<br> - Attr 代表一对特姓名和特性值。这个节点类型不能包含子节点。<br> - Text 代表XML文档中的在其实标签和结束标签之间的,或者CData Seciron内的普通文本。这个节点类型不能包含子节点。<br> - CDataSection 706a388e39e8555a9742f4594c5343bf的对象表现形式。这个几点类型仅能包含文本节点Text作为子节点。<br> - Entity 表示在DTD中的一个实体定义,例如46e3020b9c3e00b36b072ef90da83899。这个节点类型不能包含子节点。<br> - EntityReference 代表一个实体引用,例如"。这个节点类型不能包含子节点。<br> - ProcessingInstruction 代表一个PI。这个节点类型不能包含子节点。<br> - Comment 代表XML注释。这个节点类型不能包含子节点。<br> - Notation 代表在DTD中定义的记号。这个很少用到。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">Node接口还定义了不同节点类型的12个常量:<br> - Document - Node.DOCUMENT_NODE<br> - DocumentType - Node.DOCUMENT_TYOE_NODE<br> - DoucmentR=Frament - Node.DOCUMENT_FRAMENT_NODE<br> - Element - Node.ELEMENT_NODE<br> - Attr - Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE<br> - Text - Node.TEXT_NODE<br> - CDataSection - Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE<br> - <span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">Entity </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>- Node.ENTITY_NODE<br> - EntityReference - Node.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE<br> - <span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">ProcessingInstruction </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>- Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE<br> - Comment - Node.COMMENT_NODE<br> - Notation - Node.NOTATION_NODE<br>* 这些常量会在选择节点之后以属性的方式查询</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">Node接口还定义了不同节点类型的12个常量:<br> - Document - Node.DOCUMENT_NODE(9)<br> - DocumentType - Node.DOCUMENT_TYOE_NODE(10)<br> - DoucmentR=Frament - Node.DOCUMENT_FRAMENT_NODE(11)<br> - Element - Node.ELEMENT_NODE(1)<br> - Attr - Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE(2)<br> - Text - Node.TEXT_NODE(3)<br> - CDataSection - Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE(4)<br> - <span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">Entity - Node.ENTITY_NODE(5)<br> - EntityReference - Node.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE(6)<br> - <span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">ProcessingInstruction - Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE(7)<br> - Comment - Node.COMMENT_NODE(8)<br> - Notation - Node.NOTATION_NODE(12)<br>* 这些常量会在选择节点之后以属性的方式查询</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">Node接口定义了所有节点类型都包含的特性和方法:<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">任何基于XML的语言,如XHTML和SVG,因为它们遵循XML语法,所以可以使用上述的Node接口操作。然而很多语言会继续定义它们自己的DOM来扩展XML以提供特定功能。<br>开发XML DOM的同时,W3C还一起开发了针对XHTML(以及HTML)的DOM。这个DOM定义了一个HTMLDocument一个HTMLElement作为实现基础。每个HTML元素通过它自己的HTMLElement类型表示,如HTMLpElement代表了e388a4556c0f65e1904146cc1a846bee元素。但有少数的除外。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;">alinkColor 激活的链接的颜色,如43d208a65fe9048c68875684afaf4982定义的<br>bgColor 页面的背景颜色,如2b3aa87bfdd05026305e8610b64807e6定义的<br>fgColor 页面的文本颜色,如796f13351eaaea3144c92d599bdd6297定义的<br>lastModified 最后修改页面的日期,是字符串<br>linkColor 链接的颜色,如0d4c9cfcc7094a7f922a15fc33aa3959定义的<br>referrer 浏览器当前页后退一个位置的url<br>title b2386ffb911b14667cb8f0f91ea547a7标签中显示的文本<br>URL 当前页面的url<br>vlinkColor 访问过的链接的颜色,如88f8836599a7b1384ed386434dbf5b20定义的<br>* 这些属性是引用了6c04bd5ca3fcae76e30b72ad730ca86d标签中的旧HTML特性,应该用样式表代替它们。</span>
特性/方法 | 類型/傳回型別 | 說明 |
nodeName | String | ## 節點的名字 |
nodeValue | # String | ## 節點的值 |
nodeType | # Number | 節點的型別常數值 |
ownerDocument | # Document | ## 節點的所屬文件 |
childNodes |
# NodeList | 節點的所有子節點清單 |
firstChild | # Node | 子節點清單的第一個節點 |
lastChild | # Node | 子節點清單的最後一個節點 |
hasChildNodes() | Boolean | 是否包含子節點 |
appendChild(node) | Node | 將node新增至childNodes末端 |
removeChild(node) | ## Node||
# # 從childNodes刪除node | replaceChild(newnode,oldnode) | Node |
# 將childNodes中的oldnode替換成newnode | insertBefore(newnode, refnode) | Node |
在childNodes中的refnode之前插入newnode | previousSibling | |
Node | 指向前一個兄弟節點,如果這個節點是第一個兄弟節點,那麼這個值為null |
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">任何基于XML的语言,如XHTML和SVG,因为它们遵循XML语法,所以可以使用上述的Node接口操作。然而很多语言会继续定义它们自己的DOM来扩展XML以提供特定功能。<br>开发XML DOM的同时,W3C还一起开发了针对XHTML(以及HTML)的DOM。这个DOM定义了一个HTMLDocument一个HTMLElement作为实现基础。每个HTML元素通过它自己的HTMLElement类型表示,如HTMLpElement代表了e388a4556c0f65e1904146cc1a846bee元素。但有少数的除外。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;">alinkColor 激活的链接的颜色,如43d208a65fe9048c68875684afaf4982定义的<br>bgColor 页面的背景颜色,如2b3aa87bfdd05026305e8610b64807e6定义的<br>fgColor 页面的文本颜色,如796f13351eaaea3144c92d599bdd6297定义的<br>lastModified 最后修改页面的日期,是字符串<br>linkColor 链接的颜色,如0d4c9cfcc7094a7f922a15fc33aa3959定义的<br>referrer 浏览器当前页后退一个位置的url<br>title b2386ffb911b14667cb8f0f91ea547a7标签中显示的文本<br>URL 当前页面的url<br>vlinkColor 访问过的链接的颜色,如88f8836599a7b1384ed386434dbf5b20定义的<br>* 这些属性是引用了6c04bd5ca3fcae76e30b72ad730ca86d标签中的旧HTML特性,应该用样式表代替它们。</span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">ahchors 页面中所有锚的集合(由8d4a7a9529b5245685ed835b8a55b5555db79b134e9f6b82c0b36e0489ee08ed标签表示)<br>applets 页面中所有applet的集合<br>embeds 页面中所有嵌入式对象的集合(由d8e2720730be5ddc9c2a3782839e8eb6标签表示)<br>forms 页面中所有表单的集合<br>images 页面中所有图像的集合<br>links 页面中所有链接的集合(由fbfc78c0576f52668b3bdcecb96ce2e03499910bf9dac5ae3c52d5ede7383485表示</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
document对象是BOM的一部分,同时也是HTML DOM的HTMLDocument对象的表现形式,即它也是XML DOM Document对象。
<span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementById() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> 返回对拥有指定<span style="color: #808080;"> id <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">的第一个对象的引用。<br><span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementsByName() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回带有指定名称的对象集合。<br><span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementsByTagName() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回带有指定标签名的对象集合。<br><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementsByClassName() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回带有指定类名的对象集合。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>document操作元素</title></head><body> <p class="outer"> <p class="inner">第一段文本</p> <p class="inner">第二段文本</p> </p> <script> var op = document.getElementsByClassName("outer")[0].getElementsByClassName("inner")[0].innerHTML; </script></body></html>
<span style="color: #808080;">document.createAttribute(name) 创建属性名为name的属性节点。<br>document.createElement() 创建标签名为tagName的元素。<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br><span style="color: #808080;">document.createTextNode(text) 创建包含文本text的文本节点。<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br><span style="color: #808080;">* 创建其它Node接口定义的节点没有太大用处。因为被更简便的操作替代。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;">Element.appendChild(Node) 添加Node子元素。<br>Element.insertBefore(newNode, oldNode) <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">在某个子节点对象前添加新节点。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;">Element.removeChild(Node) 删除Node子元素。</span>
<span style="color: #808080;">Element.replacChild(newNode, oldNode) 替换子元素。</span>
<span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementById() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> 返回对拥有指定<span style="color: #808080;"> id <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">的第一个对象的引用。<br><span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementsByName() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回带有指定名称的对象集合。<br><span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementsByTagName() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回带有指定标签名的对象集合。<br><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementsByClassName() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回带有指定类名的对象集合。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">节点属性和方法包含DOM NOde接口定义的所有属性和方法。HTML DOM 还包括其它的一些属性和方法。详细参见http://www.w3school.com.cn/jsref/dom_obj_all.asp。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;">Element.tagName <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的标签名。 </span><br>Element.cloneNode() 复制当前元素。<br>Element.normalize() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">合并元素中相邻的文本节点,并移除空的文本节点。<br></span>Element.parentNode <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的父节点。<br></span>Element.ownerDocument <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的根元素(文档对象)。</span><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br></span>nodelist.item() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回<span style="color: #808080;"> NodeList <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">中位于指定下标的节点。<br><span style="color: #808080;">nodelist.length <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回<span style="color: #808080;"> NodeList <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">中的节点数。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br></span>Element.toString() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">把元素转换为字符串。</span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;">Element.attributes<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span>返回元素属性的<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Fira Code';"> NamedNodeMap<span style="color: #808080;">。</span></span><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br></span></span></span></span>El</span></span></span></span></span></span>ement.hasAttribute() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">如果元素拥有指定属性,则返回<span style="color: #808080;">true<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">,否则返回<span style="color: #808080;"> false<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.hasAttributes() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">如果元素拥有属性,则返回<span style="color: #808080;"> true<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">,否则返回<span style="color: #808080;"> fals</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;">Element.<span style="color: #808080;">getAttribute</span>() 返回元素节点的指定属性值。<br>Element.<span style="color: #808080;">getAttributeNode</span>() <span style="color: #808080;">返回指定的属性节点</span>。</span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;">Element.setAttribute() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">把指定属性设置或更改为指定值。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.setAttributeNode() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或更改指定属性节点。</span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;">Element.removeAttribute() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">从元素中移除指定属性。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.removeAttributeNode() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">移除指定的属性节点,并返回被移除的节点。</span></span></span></span></span>
除了hasAttribute、getAttributes、setAttributes、removeAttribute操作属性,一些属性也可以通过节点.属性的方式获取/设置属性。
<span style="color: #808080;">Element.id <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的<span style="color: #808080;"> id<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>Element.style <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的<span style="color: #808080;"> style <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">属性。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.innerHTML <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的内容。</span></span><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> <br></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>Element.className <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的<span style="color: #808080;"> class <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">属性。<br></span></span></span>Element.title <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的<span style="color: #808080;"> title <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">属性。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.textContent <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回节点及其后代的文本内容。</span></span> <br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.contentEditable <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的文本方向。<br></span></span></span></span></span>Element.dir <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的内容是否可编辑。</span></span> <br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.accessKey <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的快捷键。<br></span>Element.lang <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的语言代码。</span><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br></span>Element.namespaceURI <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的<span style="color: #808080;"> namespace URI<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">。<br></span></span></span>Element.tabIndex <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的<span style="color: #808080;"> tab <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">键控制次序。</span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;">Element.clientHeight <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的可见高度。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.clientWidth <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的可见宽度。<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.offsetWidth <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> 返回元素的宽度。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.offsetLeft <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> 返回元素的水平偏移位置。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.offsetParent <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的偏移容器。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.offsetTop <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的垂直偏移位置。<br></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>Element.scrollHeight <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的整体高度。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.scrollLeft <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素左边缘与视图之间的距离。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.scrollTop <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素上边缘与视图之间的距离。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.scrollWidth <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的整体宽度。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;">Element.isContentEditable <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的内容。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.isDefaultNamespace() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">如果指定的<span style="color: #808080;"> namespaceURI <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">是默认的,则返回<span style="color: #808080;"> true<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">,否则返回<span style="color: #808080;"> false<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.isEqualNode() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">检查两个元素是否相等。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.isSameNode() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">检查两个元素是否是相同的节点。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.compareDocumentPosition() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">比较两个元素的文档位置。<br><span style="color: #808080;">Element.isSupported() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">如果元素支持指定特性,则返回<span style="color: #808080;"> true<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
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