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關於ajax跨域訪問cookie丟失的解決方法的講解

jacklove原創: 2018-06-08 17:58:402027瀏覽

ajax跨域訪問，可以使用jsonp方法或設定Access-Control-Allow-Origin實現，關於設定Access-Control-Allow-Origin實現跨域訪問可以參考之前我寫的文章《ajax 設定Access-Control- Allow-Origin實作跨網域存取》

1.ajax跨網域存取,cookie遺失

先建立兩個測試網域
##a.fdipzone .com 作為客戶端網域名稱
b.fdipzone.com 作為服務端網域

測試程式碼

setcookie.php 用來設定服務端cookie

<?phpsetcookie(&#39;data&#39;, time(), time()+3600);?>

#server.php 用於被客戶端請求

<?php$name = isset($_POST[&#39;name&#39;])? $_POST[&#39;name&#39;] : &#39;&#39;;$ret = array(    &#39;success&#39; => true,    &#39;name&#39; => $name,    &#39;cookie&#39; => isset($_COOKIE[&#39;data&#39;])? $_COOKIE[&#39;data&#39;] : &#39;&#39;);// 指定允许其他域名访问header(&#39;Access-Control-Allow-Origin:http://a.fdipzone.com&#39;);// 响应类型header(&#39;Access-Control-Allow-Methods:POST&#39;);  

// 响应头设置header(&#39;Access-Control-Allow-Headers:x-requested-with,content-type&#39;);

header(&#39;content-type:application/json&#39;);echo json_encode($ret);?>

test.html 用戶端請求頁面

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html>
 <head>
  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
  <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
  <title> ajax 跨域访问cookie丢失的解决方法 </title>
 </head>

 <body>
    <script type="text/javascript">
    $(function(){

        $.ajax({
            url: &#39;http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php&#39;, // 跨域
            dataType: &#39;json&#39;,
            type: &#39;post&#39;,
            data: {&#39;name&#39;:&#39;fdipzone&#39;},
            success:function(ret){
                if(ret[&#39;success&#39;]==true){
                    alert(&#39;cookie:&#39; + ret[&#39;cookie&#39;]);
                }
            }
        });

    })    </script>

 </body></html>

先執行 http://b.fdipzone.com/setcookie.php, 建立服務端cookie 。

然後執行http://a.fdipzone.com/test.html

輸出

{"success":true,"name":"fdipzone","cookie":""}

取得cookie失敗。

2.解決方法

客戶端請求時將
withCredentials屬性設為true 讓可以指定某個請求應該要傳送憑證。如果伺服器接收有憑證的請求，會用下面的HTTP頭部來回應。

服務端設定header

header("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true");

允許請求帶有驗證訊息

test.html修改如下

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html>
 <head>
  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
  <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
  <title> ajax 跨域访问cookie丢失的解决方法 </title>
 </head>

 <body>
    <script type="text/javascript">
    $(function(){

        $.ajax({
            url: &#39;http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php&#39;, // 跨域
            xhrFields:{withCredentials: true}, // 发送凭据
            dataType: &#39;json&#39;,
            type: &#39;post&#39;,
            data: {&#39;name&#39;:&#39;fdipzone&#39;},
            success:function(ret){
                if(ret[&#39;success&#39;]==true){
                    alert(&#39;cookie:&#39; + ret[&#39;cookie&#39;]);
                }
            }
        });

    })    </script>

 </body></html>

server.php 修改如下

<?php$name = isset($_POST[&#39;name&#39;])? $_POST[&#39;name&#39;] : &#39;&#39;;$ret = array(    &#39;success&#39; => true,    &#39;name&#39; => $name,    &#39;cookie&#39; => isset($_COOKIE[&#39;data&#39;])? $_COOKIE[&#39;data&#39;] : &#39;&#39;);// 指定允许其他域名访问header(&#39;Access-Control-Allow-Origin:http://a.fdipzone.com&#39;);// 响应类型header(&#39;Access-Control-Allow-Methods:POST&#39;);  

// 响应头设置header(&#39;Access-Control-Allow-Headers:x-requested-with,content-type&#39;);// 是否允许请求带有验证信息header(&#39;Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true&#39;);

header(&#39;content-type:application/json&#39;);echo json_encode($ret);?>

按先前步驟執行，請求返回

{"success":true,"name":"fdipzone","cookie":"1484558863"}

取得cookie成功

3.注意事項

1.如果客戶端設定了withCredentials屬性設定為true，而服務端沒有設定Access-Control-Allow-Credentials :true，請求時會回傳錯誤。

XMLHttpRequest cannot load http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php. Credentials flag is &#39;true&#39;, but the &#39;Access-Control-Allow-Credentials&#39; header is &#39;&#39;. It must be &#39;true&#39; to allow credentials. Origin &#39;http://a.fdipzone.com&#39; is therefore not allowed access.

2.服務端header設定Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true後，Access-Control-Allow-Origin不可以設為*，必須設定為域名，否則回傳錯誤。

XMLHttpRequest cannot load http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php. A wildcard &#39;*&#39; cannot be used in the &#39;Access-Control-Allow-Origin&#39; header when the credentials flag is true. Origin &#39;http://a.fdipzone.com&#39; is therefore not allowed access. The credentials mode of an XMLHttpRequest is controlled by the withCredentials attribute.

本篇文章說明了ajax跨網域存取cookie遺失的解決方法，更多相關內容請關注php中文網。

關於ajax跨域訪問cookie丟失的解決方法的講解

1.ajax跨網域存取,cookie遺失

2.解決方法

3.注意事項

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