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PHP實作全角字元轉為半角的方法

墨辰丷
墨辰丷原創
2018-06-08 17:54:481949瀏覽

本篇文章主要介绍PHP实现全角字符转为半角的方法,感兴趣的朋友参考下,希望对大家有所帮助。

最简单的方法

<?php  
$str = "0123ABCDFWS\",.?<>{}[]*&^%#@!~()+-|:;";  
echo "$str";  
echo "<br />";  
$str = preg_replace(&#39;/\xa3([\xa1-\xfe])/e&#39;, &#39;chr(ord(\1)-0x80)&#39;, $str);  
echo $str;

这是网上看来的代码,所有的中文标点的第二个字节减去0X80(即128)所得的数字就是半角所得的数字了。而/e模式表达的是:如果设定了此修正符,preg_replace() 在替换字符串中对逆向引用作正常的替换,将其作为 PHP 代码求值,并用其结果来替换所搜索的字符串。

在非UTF-8模式下这个函数是可行的,但是UTF-8下 这个方法就似乎无效,

方法二:

$queue = Array(&#39;0&#39; => &#39;0&#39;, &#39;1&#39; => &#39;1&#39;, &#39;2&#39; => &#39;2&#39;, &#39;3&#39; => &#39;3&#39;, &#39;4&#39; => &#39;4&#39;, &#39;5&#39; => &#39;5&#39;, &#39;6&#39; => &#39;6&#39;, &#39;7&#39; => &#39;7&#39;, &#39;8&#39; => &#39;8&#39;, &#39;9&#39; => &#39;9&#39;, 
&#39;A&#39; => &#39;A&#39;, &#39;B&#39; => &#39;B&#39;, &#39;C&#39; => &#39;C&#39;, &#39;D&#39; => &#39;D&#39;, &#39;E&#39; => &#39;E&#39;, &#39;F&#39; => &#39;F&#39;, &#39;G&#39; => &#39;G&#39;, &#39;H&#39; => &#39;H&#39;, &#39;I&#39; => &#39;I&#39;, &#39;J&#39; => &#39;J&#39;, 
&#39;K&#39; => &#39;K&#39;, &#39;L&#39; => &#39;L&#39;, &#39;M&#39; => &#39;M&#39;, &#39;N&#39; => &#39;N&#39;, &#39;O&#39; => &#39;O&#39;, &#39;P&#39; => &#39;P&#39;, &#39;Q&#39; => &#39;Q&#39;, &#39;R&#39; => &#39;R&#39;, &#39;S&#39; => &#39;S&#39;, &#39;T&#39; => &#39;T&#39;, 
&#39;U&#39; => &#39;U&#39;, &#39;V&#39; => &#39;V&#39;, &#39;W&#39; => &#39;W&#39;, &#39;X&#39; => &#39;X&#39;, &#39;Y&#39; => &#39;Y&#39;, &#39;Z&#39; => &#39;Z&#39;, &#39;a&#39; => &#39;a&#39;, &#39;b&#39; => &#39;b&#39;, &#39;c&#39; => &#39;c&#39;, &#39;d&#39; => &#39;d&#39;, 
&#39;e&#39; => &#39;e&#39;, &#39;f&#39; => &#39;f&#39;, &#39;g&#39; => &#39;g&#39;, &#39;h&#39; => &#39;h&#39;, &#39;i&#39; => &#39;i&#39;, &#39;j&#39; => &#39;j&#39;, &#39;k&#39; => &#39;k&#39;, &#39;l&#39; => &#39;l&#39;, &#39;m&#39; => &#39;m&#39;, &#39;n&#39; => &#39;n&#39;, 
&#39;o&#39; => &#39;o&#39;, &#39;p&#39; => &#39;p&#39;, &#39;q&#39; => &#39;q&#39;, &#39;r&#39; => &#39;r&#39;, &#39;s&#39; => &#39;s&#39;, &#39;t&#39; => &#39;t&#39;, &#39;u&#39; => &#39;u&#39;, &#39;v&#39; => &#39;v&#39;, &#39;w&#39; => &#39;w&#39;, &#39;x&#39; => &#39;x&#39;, 
&#39;y&#39; => &#39;y&#39;, &#39;z&#39; => &#39;z&#39;);
echo preg_replace_callback("/([\xEF][\xBC][\x90-\x99]|[\xEF][\xBD][\x81-\x9A\xA1-\xBA])/", &#39;next_fchar&#39;, &#39;0&#39;);
function next_fchar($matches){
 global $queue;
 return $queue[$matches[1]];
}

方法三:

/**
* 字符串半角和全角间相互转换
* @param string $str 待转换的字符串
* @param int  $type TODBC:转换为半角;TOSBC,转换为全角
* @return string 返回转换后的字符串
*/
function convertStrType($str, $type) {
    $dbc = array( 
      &#39;0&#39; , &#39;1&#39; , &#39;2&#39; , &#39;3&#39; , &#39;4&#39; , 
      &#39;5&#39; , &#39;6&#39; , &#39;7&#39; , &#39;8&#39; , &#39;9&#39; , 
      &#39;A&#39; , &#39;B&#39; , &#39;C&#39; , &#39;D&#39; , &#39;E&#39; , 
      &#39;F&#39; , &#39;G&#39; , &#39;H&#39; , &#39;I&#39; , &#39;J&#39; , 
      &#39;K&#39; , &#39;L&#39; , &#39;M&#39; , &#39;N&#39; , &#39;O&#39; , 
      &#39;P&#39; , &#39;Q&#39; , &#39;R&#39; , &#39;S&#39; , &#39;T&#39; , 
      &#39;U&#39; , &#39;V&#39; , &#39;W&#39; , &#39;X&#39; , &#39;Y&#39; , 
      &#39;Z&#39; , &#39;a&#39; , &#39;b&#39; , &#39;c&#39; , &#39;d&#39; , 
      &#39;e&#39; , &#39;f&#39; , &#39;g&#39; , &#39;h&#39; , &#39;i&#39; , 
      &#39;j&#39; , &#39;k&#39; , &#39;l&#39; , &#39;m&#39; , &#39;n&#39; , 
      &#39;o&#39; , &#39;p&#39; , &#39;q&#39; , &#39;r&#39; , &#39;s&#39; , 
      &#39;t&#39; , &#39;u&#39; , &#39;v&#39; , &#39;w&#39; , &#39;x&#39; , 
      &#39;y&#39; , &#39;z&#39; , &#39;-&#39; , &#39; &#39; , &#39;:&#39; ,
      &#39;.&#39; , &#39;,&#39; , &#39;/&#39; , &#39;%&#39; , &#39;#&#39; ,
      &#39;!&#39; , &#39;@&#39; , &#39;&&#39; , &#39;(&#39; , &#39;)&#39; ,
      &#39;<&#39; , &#39;>&#39; , &#39;"&#39; , &#39;'&#39; , &#39;?&#39; ,
      &#39;[&#39; , &#39;]&#39; , &#39;{&#39; , &#39;}&#39; , &#39;\&#39; ,
      &#39;|&#39; , &#39;+&#39; , &#39;=&#39; , &#39;_&#39; , &#39;^&#39; ,
      &#39;¥&#39; , &#39; ̄&#39; , &#39;`&#39;
);
    $sbc = array( //半角
      &#39;0&#39;, &#39;1&#39;, &#39;2&#39;, &#39;3&#39;, &#39;4&#39;, 
      &#39;5&#39;, &#39;6&#39;, &#39;7&#39;, &#39;8&#39;, &#39;9&#39;, 
      &#39;A&#39;, &#39;B&#39;, &#39;C&#39;, &#39;D&#39;, &#39;E&#39;, 
      &#39;F&#39;, &#39;G&#39;, &#39;H&#39;, &#39;I&#39;, &#39;J&#39;, 
      &#39;K&#39;, &#39;L&#39;, &#39;M&#39;, &#39;N&#39;, &#39;O&#39;, 
      &#39;P&#39;, &#39;Q&#39;, &#39;R&#39;, &#39;S&#39;, &#39;T&#39;, 
      &#39;U&#39;, &#39;V&#39;, &#39;W&#39;, &#39;X&#39;, &#39;Y&#39;, 
      &#39;Z&#39;, &#39;a&#39;, &#39;b&#39;, &#39;c&#39;, &#39;d&#39;, 
      &#39;e&#39;, &#39;f&#39;, &#39;g&#39;, &#39;h&#39;, &#39;i&#39;, 
      &#39;j&#39;, &#39;k&#39;, &#39;l&#39;, &#39;m&#39;, &#39;n&#39;, 
      &#39;o&#39;, &#39;p&#39;, &#39;q&#39;, &#39;r&#39;, &#39;s&#39;, 
      &#39;t&#39;, &#39;u&#39;, &#39;v&#39;, &#39;w&#39;, &#39;x&#39;, 
      &#39;y&#39;, &#39;z&#39;, &#39;-&#39;, &#39; &#39;, &#39;:&#39;,
      &#39;.&#39;, &#39;,&#39;, &#39;/&#39;, &#39;%&#39;, &#39; #&#39;,
      &#39;!&#39;, &#39;@&#39;, &#39;&&#39;, &#39;(&#39;, &#39;)&#39;,
      &#39;<&#39;, &#39;>&#39;, &#39;"&#39;, &#39;\&#39;&#39;,&#39;?&#39;,
      &#39;[&#39;, &#39;]&#39;, &#39;{&#39;, &#39;}&#39;, &#39;\\&#39;,
      &#39;|&#39;, &#39;+&#39;, &#39;=&#39;, &#39;_&#39;, &#39;^&#39;,
      &#39;¥&#39;,&#39;~&#39;, &#39;`&#39;
);
if($type == &#39;TODBC&#39;){
return str_replace( $sbc, $dbc, $str ); //半角到全角
}elseif($type == &#39;TOSBC&#39;){
return str_replace( $dbc, $sbc, $str ); //全角到半角
}else{
return $str;
}
}

方法四:

/**
* 将一个字串中含有全角的数字字符、字母、空格或&#39;%+-()&#39;字符转换为相应半角字符
*
* @access public
* @param string $str 待转换字串
*
* @return string $str 处理后字串
*/
function make_semiangle($str)
{
$arr = array(&#39;0&#39; => &#39;0&#39;, &#39;1&#39; => &#39;1&#39;, &#39;2&#39; => &#39;2&#39;, &#39;3&#39; => &#39;3&#39;, &#39;4&#39; => &#39;4&#39;,
&#39;5&#39; => &#39;5&#39;, &#39;6&#39; => &#39;6&#39;, &#39;7&#39; => &#39;7&#39;, &#39;8&#39; => &#39;8&#39;, &#39;9&#39; => &#39;9&#39;,
&#39;A&#39; => &#39;A&#39;, &#39;B&#39; => &#39;B&#39;, &#39;C&#39; => &#39;C&#39;, &#39;D&#39; => &#39;D&#39;, &#39;E&#39; => &#39;E&#39;,
&#39;F&#39; => &#39;F&#39;, &#39;G&#39; => &#39;G&#39;, &#39;H&#39; => &#39;H&#39;, &#39;I&#39; => &#39;I&#39;, &#39;J&#39; => &#39;J&#39;,
&#39;K&#39; => &#39;K&#39;, &#39;L&#39; => &#39;L&#39;, &#39;M&#39; => &#39;M&#39;, &#39;N&#39; => &#39;N&#39;, &#39;O&#39; => &#39;O&#39;,
&#39;P&#39; => &#39;P&#39;, &#39;Q&#39; => &#39;Q&#39;, &#39;R&#39; => &#39;R&#39;, &#39;S&#39; => &#39;S&#39;, &#39;T&#39; => &#39;T&#39;,
&#39;U&#39; => &#39;U&#39;, &#39;V&#39; => &#39;V&#39;, &#39;W&#39; => &#39;W&#39;, &#39;X&#39; => &#39;X&#39;, &#39;Y&#39; => &#39;Y&#39;,
&#39;Z&#39; => &#39;Z&#39;, &#39;a&#39; => &#39;a&#39;, &#39;b&#39; => &#39;b&#39;, &#39;c&#39; => &#39;c&#39;, &#39;d&#39; => &#39;d&#39;,
&#39;e&#39; => &#39;e&#39;, &#39;f&#39; => &#39;f&#39;, &#39;g&#39; => &#39;g&#39;, &#39;h&#39; => &#39;h&#39;, &#39;i&#39; => &#39;i&#39;,
&#39;j&#39; => &#39;j&#39;, &#39;k&#39; => &#39;k&#39;, &#39;l&#39; => &#39;l&#39;, &#39;m&#39; => &#39;m&#39;, &#39;n&#39; => &#39;n&#39;,
&#39;o&#39; => &#39;o&#39;, &#39;p&#39; => &#39;p&#39;, &#39;q&#39; => &#39;q&#39;, &#39;r&#39; => &#39;r&#39;, &#39;s&#39; => &#39;s&#39;,
&#39;t&#39; => &#39;t&#39;, &#39;u&#39; => &#39;u&#39;, &#39;v&#39; => &#39;v&#39;, &#39;w&#39; => &#39;w&#39;, &#39;x&#39; => &#39;x&#39;,
&#39;y&#39; => &#39;y&#39;, &#39;z&#39; => &#39;z&#39;,
&#39;(&#39; => &#39;(&#39;, &#39;)&#39; => &#39;)&#39;, &#39;〔&#39; => &#39;[&#39;, &#39;〕&#39; => &#39;]&#39;, &#39;【&#39; => &#39;[&#39;,
&#39;】&#39; => &#39;]&#39;, &#39;〖&#39; => &#39;[&#39;, &#39;〗&#39; => &#39;]&#39;, &#39;“&#39; => &#39;[&#39;, &#39;”&#39; => &#39;]&#39;,
&#39;‘&#39; => &#39;[&#39;, &#39;&#39;&#39; => &#39;]&#39;, &#39;{&#39; => &#39;{&#39;, &#39;}&#39; => &#39;}&#39;, &#39;《&#39; => &#39;<&#39;,
&#39;》&#39; => &#39;>&#39;,
&#39;%&#39; => &#39;%&#39;, &#39;+&#39; => &#39;+&#39;, &#39;—&#39; => &#39;-&#39;, &#39;-&#39; => &#39;-&#39;, &#39;~&#39; => &#39;-&#39;,
&#39;:&#39; => &#39;:&#39;, &#39;。&#39; => &#39;.&#39;, &#39;、&#39; => &#39;,&#39;, &#39;,&#39; => &#39;.&#39;, &#39;、&#39; => &#39;.&#39;,
&#39;;&#39; => &#39;,&#39;, &#39;?&#39; => &#39;?&#39;, &#39;!&#39; => &#39;!&#39;, &#39;…&#39; => &#39;-&#39;, &#39;‖&#39; => &#39;|&#39;,
&#39;”&#39; => &#39;"&#39;, &#39;&#39;&#39; => &#39;`&#39;, &#39;‘&#39; => &#39;`&#39;, &#39;|&#39; => &#39;|&#39;, &#39;〃&#39; => &#39;"&#39;,
&#39; &#39; => &#39; &#39;);
return strtr($str, $arr);
}

全角与半角之区别(来自中文维基百科)

全角,又称全形、全宽,是电脑字符的一种格式,字面意思是比普通字符(或半角字符)宽的字符。

传统上,英语或拉丁字母语言使用一字节的空间来存储,而汉字、日语等常使用两字节存储,在使用固定宽度文字的地方,为了使字体看起来整齐,英文字母、数字及其他符号,也由原来只占用一个字空间,改为一概占用两个字的空间来显示,并且使用两个字节来存储。

总结:以上就是本篇文的全部内容,希望能对大家的学习有所帮助。

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