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透過使用vue製作滑動堆疊組件(詳細教學)

亚连
亚连原創
2018-06-01 09:13:562961瀏覽

探探的堆疊滑動組件起到了關鍵的作用,下面就來看看如何用vue寫一個探探的堆疊組件,感興趣的朋友一起看看吧

效果圖如下所示:

 

#前言

##嗨,說起探探想必各位程序汪都不陌生(畢竟妹子很多),能在上面絲滑的翻牌子,探探的的堆疊滑動組件起到了關鍵的作用,下面就來看看如何用vue寫一個探探的堆疊組件

一.功能分析

#簡單使用下探探會發現,堆疊滑動的功能很簡單,用一張圖概括就是:

 

簡單歸納下方包含的基本功能點:

  • 圖片的堆疊

  • 圖片第一張的滑動

  • 條件成功後的滑出,條件失敗後的回彈

  • 滑出後下一張圖片堆疊到頂部

  • 體驗優化

  • #根據觸控點的不同,滑動時首圖有不同角度偏移

  • 偏移區判定是否成功滑出


#二.具體實作

有了歸納好的功能點,我們實作元件的想法會更清晰

#1. 堆疊效果

堆疊圖片效果在網路上有大量的實例,實現的方法大同小異,主要透過在父層設定perspective 及perspective-origin ,來實現子層的透視,子層設定好translate3d Z軸數值即可模擬出堆疊效果,具體程式碼如下

// 图片堆叠dom
 <!--opacity: 0 隐藏我们不想看到的stack-item层级-->
 <!--z-index: -1 调整stack-item层级"-->
<ul class="stack">
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);opacity: 1;z-index: 10;"><img src="1.png" alt="01"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -60px);opacity: 1;z-index: 1"><img src="2.png" alt="02"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -120px);opacity: 1;z-index: 1"><img src="3.png" alt="03"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -180px);opacity: 0;z-index: -1"><img src="4.png" alt="04"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -180px);opacity: 0;z-index: -1"><img src="5.png" alt="05"></li>
</ul>
<style>
.stack {
 width: 100%;
 height: 100%;
 position: relative;
 perspective: 1000px; //子元素视距
 perspective-origin: 50% 150%; //子元素透视位置
 -webkit-perspective: 1000px;
 -webkit-perspective-origin: 50% 150%;
 margin: 0;
 padding: 0;
 }
 .stack-item{
 background: #fff;
 height: 100%;
 width: 100%;
 border-radius: 4px;
 text-align: center;
 overflow: hidden;
 }
 .stack-item img {
 width: 100%;
 display: block;
 pointer-events: none;
 }
</style>
上面只是一組靜態程式碼,我們希望得到的是vue元件,所以需要先建立一個元件模板stack.vue,在模板中我們可以使用v -for,遍歷出stack節點,使用:style 來修改各個item的style,程式碼如下

#

<template>
 <ul class="stack">
  <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages" :style="[transform(index)]">
  <img :src="item.src">
  </li>
 </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
 props: {
 // pages数据包含基础的图片数据
 pages: {
  type: Array,
  default: []
 }
 },
 data () {
 return {
  // basicdata数据包含组件基本数据
  basicdata: {
  currentPage: 0 // 默认首图的序列
  },
  // temporaryData数据包含组件临时数据
  temporaryData: {
  opacity: 1, // 记录opacity
  zIndex: 10, // 记录zIndex
  visible: 3 // 记录默认显示堆叠数visible
  }
 }
 },
 methods: {
 // 遍历样式
 transform (index) {
  if (index >= this.basicdata.currentPage) {
  let style = {}
  let visible = this.temporaryData.visible
  let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
  // visible可见数量前滑块的样式
  if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
   style[&#39;opacity&#39;] = &#39;1&#39;
   style[&#39;transform&#39;] = &#39;translate3D(0,0,&#39; + -1 * perIndex * 60 + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;)&#39;
   style[&#39;zIndex&#39;] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
   style[&#39;transitionTimingFunction&#39;] = &#39;ease&#39;
   style[&#39;transitionDuration&#39;] = 300 + &#39;ms&#39;
  } else {
   style[&#39;zIndex&#39;] = &#39;-1&#39;
   style[&#39;transform&#39;] = &#39;translate3D(0,0,&#39; + -1 * visible * 60 + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;)&#39;
  }
  return style
  }
 }
 }
}
</script>

關鍵點

    :style 可以綁定物件的同時,也可以綁定數組和函數,這在遍歷的時候很有用
  • 最基本的dom結構已經建構完畢,下一步是讓首張圖片「動」起來

  • 2. 圖片滑動
  • 圖片滑動效果,在很多場景中都有出現,其原理無非是監聽touchs事件,得到位移,再透過translate3D改變目標位移,因此我們要實現的步驟如下
  • 對stack進行touchs事件的綁定

##監聽並儲存手勢位置變化的數值

改變首圖css屬性中translate3D的x,y值

# 具體實作

在vue框架中,不建議直接操作節點,而是透過指令v-on對元素進行綁定,因此我們將綁定都寫在v-for遍歷裡,透過index進行判斷其是否是首圖,再使用:style修改首頁的樣式,具體程式碼如下:

<template>
 <ul class="stack">
  <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages"
  :style="[transformIndex(index),transform(index)]"
  @touchstart.stop.capture="touchstart"
  @touchmove.stop.capture="touchmove"
  @touchend.stop.capture="touchend"
  @mousedown.stop.capture="touchstart"
  @mouseup.stop.capture="touchend"
  @mousemove.stop.capture="touchmove">
  <img :src="item.src">
  </li>
 </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
 props: {
 // pages数据包含基础的图片数据
 pages: {
  type: Array,
  default: []
 }
 },
 data () {
 return {
  // basicdata数据包含组件基本数据
  basicdata: {
  start: {}, // 记录起始位置
  end: {}, // 记录终点位置
  currentPage: 0 // 默认首图的序列
  },
  // temporaryData数据包含组件临时数据
  temporaryData: {
  poswidth: &#39;&#39;, // 记录位移
  posheight: &#39;&#39;, // 记录位移
  tracking: false // 是否在滑动,防止多次操作,影响体验
  }
 }
 },
 methods: {
 touchstart (e) {
  if (this.temporaryData.tracking) {
  return
  }
  // 是否为touch
  if (e.type === &#39;touchstart&#39;) {
  if (e.touches.length > 1) {
   this.temporaryData.tracking = false
   return
  } else {
   // 记录起始位置
   this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
   this.basicdata.start.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.start.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
  }
  // pc操作
  } else {
  this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
  this.basicdata.start.x = e.clientX
  this.basicdata.start.y = e.clientY
  this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
  this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
  }
  this.temporaryData.tracking = true
 },
 touchmove (e) {
  // 记录滑动位置
  if (this.temporaryData.tracking && !this.temporaryData.animation) {
  if (e.type === &#39;touchmove&#39;) {
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
  } else {
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
  }
  // 计算滑动值
  this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.basicdata.end.x - this.basicdata.start.x
  this.temporaryData.posheight = this.basicdata.end.y - this.basicdata.start.y
  }
 },
 touchend (e) {
  this.temporaryData.tracking = false
  // 滑动结束,触发判断
 },
 // 非首页样式切换
 transform (index) {
  if (index > this.basicdata.currentPage) {
  let style = {}
  let visible = 3
  let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
  // visible可见数量前滑块的样式
  if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
   style[&#39;opacity&#39;] = &#39;1&#39;
   style[&#39;transform&#39;] = &#39;translate3D(0,0,&#39; + -1 * perIndex * 60 + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;)&#39;
   style[&#39;zIndex&#39;] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
   style[&#39;transitionTimingFunction&#39;] = &#39;ease&#39;
   style[&#39;transitionDuration&#39;] = 300 + &#39;ms&#39;
  } else {
   style[&#39;zIndex&#39;] = &#39;-1&#39;
   style[&#39;transform&#39;] = &#39;translate3D(0,0,&#39; + -1 * visible * 60 + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;)&#39;
  }
  return style
  }
 },
 // 首页样式切换
 transformIndex (index) {
  // 处理3D效果
  if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage) {
  let style = {}
  style[&#39;transform&#39;] = &#39;translate3D(&#39; + this.temporaryData.poswidth + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;,&#39; + this.temporaryData.posheight + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;,0px)&#39;
  style[&#39;opacity&#39;] = 1
  style[&#39;zIndex&#39;] = 10
  return style
  }
 }
 }
}
</script>

#3. 條件成功後的滑出,條件失敗後的回彈

條件的觸發判斷是在touchend/mouseup後進行,在這裡我們先用簡單的條件進行判定,同時給予首圖彈出及回彈的效果,代碼如下

<template>
 <ul class="stack">
  <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages"
  :style="[transformIndex(index),transform(index)]"
  @touchmove.stop.capture="touchmove"
  @touchstart.stop.capture="touchstart"
  @touchend.stop.capture="touchend"
  @mousedown.stop.capture="touchstart"
  @mouseup.stop.capture="touchend"
  @mousemove.stop.capture="touchmove">
  <img :src="item.src">
  </li>
 </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
 props: {
  // pages数据包含基础的图片数据
 pages: {
  type: Array,
  default: []
 }
 },
 data () {
 return {
  // basicdata数据包含组件基本数据
  basicdata: {
  start: {}, // 记录起始位置
  end: {}, // 记录终点位置
  currentPage: 0 // 默认首图的序列
  },
  // temporaryData数据包含组件临时数据
  temporaryData: {
  poswidth: &#39;&#39;, // 记录位移
  posheight: &#39;&#39;, // 记录位移
  tracking: false, // 是否在滑动,防止多次操作,影响体验
  animation: false, // 首图是否启用动画效果,默认为否
  opacity: 1 // 记录首图透明度
  }
 }
 },
 methods: {
 touchstart (e) {
  if (this.temporaryData.tracking) {
  return
  }
  // 是否为touch
  if (e.type === &#39;touchstart&#39;) {
  if (e.touches.length > 1) {
   this.temporaryData.tracking = false
   return
  } else {
   // 记录起始位置
   this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
   this.basicdata.start.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.start.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
  }
  // pc操作
  } else {
  this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
  this.basicdata.start.x = e.clientX
  this.basicdata.start.y = e.clientY
  this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
  this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
  }
  this.temporaryData.tracking = true
  this.temporaryData.animation = false
 },
 touchmove (e) {
  // 记录滑动位置
  if (this.temporaryData.tracking && !this.temporaryData.animation) {
  if (e.type === &#39;touchmove&#39;) {
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
  } else {
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
  }
  // 计算滑动值
  this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.basicdata.end.x - this.basicdata.start.x
  this.temporaryData.posheight = this.basicdata.end.y - this.basicdata.start.y
  }
 },
 touchend (e) {
  this.temporaryData.tracking = false
  this.temporaryData.animation = true
  // 滑动结束,触发判断
  // 简单判断滑动宽度超出100像素时触发滑出
  if (Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth) >= 100) {
  // 最终位移简单设定为x轴200像素的偏移
  let ratio = Math.abs(this.temporaryData.posheight / this.temporaryData.poswidth)
  this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.temporaryData.poswidth >= 0 ? this.temporaryData.poswidth + 200 : this.temporaryData.poswidth - 200
  this.temporaryData.posheight = this.temporaryData.posheight >= 0 ? Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio) : -Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio)
  this.temporaryData.opacity = 0
  // 不满足条件则滑入
  } else {
  this.temporaryData.poswidth = 0
  this.temporaryData.posheight = 0
  }
 },
 // 非首页样式切换
 transform (index) {
  if (index > this.basicdata.currentPage) {
  let style = {}
  let visible = 3
  let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
  // visible可见数量前滑块的样式
  if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
   style[&#39;opacity&#39;] = &#39;1&#39;
   style[&#39;transform&#39;] = &#39;translate3D(0,0,&#39; + -1 * perIndex * 60 + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;)&#39;
   style[&#39;zIndex&#39;] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
   style[&#39;transitionTimingFunction&#39;] = &#39;ease&#39;
   style[&#39;transitionDuration&#39;] = 300 + &#39;ms&#39;
  } else {
   style[&#39;zIndex&#39;] = &#39;-1&#39;
   style[&#39;transform&#39;] = &#39;translate3D(0,0,&#39; + -1 * visible * 60 + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;)&#39;
  }
  return style
  }
 },
 // 首页样式切换
 transformIndex (index) {
  // 处理3D效果
  if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage) {
  let style = {}
  style[&#39;transform&#39;] = &#39;translate3D(&#39; + this.temporaryData.poswidth + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;,&#39; + this.temporaryData.posheight + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;,0px)&#39;
  style[&#39;opacity&#39;] = this.temporaryData.opacity
  style[&#39;zIndex&#39;] = 10
  if (this.temporaryData.animation) {
   style[&#39;transitionTimingFunction&#39;] = &#39;ease&#39;
   style[&#39;transitionDuration&#39;] = 300 + &#39;ms&#39;
  }
  return style
  }
 }
 }
}
</script>

    4. 滑出後下一張圖片堆疊到頂部
  • 重新堆疊是元件最後一個功能,同時也是最重要和複雜的功能。在我們的程式碼裡,stack-item的排序依賴綁定:style的transformIndex和transform函數,函數裡判定的條件是currentPage,那是不是改變currentPage,讓其 1,即可完成重新堆疊呢?
  • 答案沒有那麼簡單,因為我們滑出是動畫效果,會進行300ms的時間,而currentPage變化引起的重排,會立即變化,打斷動畫的進行。因此我們需要先修改transform函數的排序條件,後再改變currentPage。

  • # 具體實作

  • 修改transform函數排序條件

讓currentPage 1

新增onTransitionEnd事件,在滑出結束後,重新放置stack清單中

#程式碼如下:

###
<template>
 <ul class="stack">
  <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages"
  :style="[transformIndex(index),transform(index)]"
  @touchmove.stop.capture="touchmove"
  @touchstart.stop.capture="touchstart"
  @touchend.stop.capture="touchend"
  @mousedown.stop.capture="touchstart"
  @mouseup.stop.capture="touchend"
  @mousemove.stop.capture="touchmove"
  @webkit-transition-end="onTransitionEnd"
  @transitionend="onTransitionEnd"
  >
  <img :src="item.src">
  </li>
 </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
 props: {
 // pages数据包含基础的图片数据
 pages: {
  type: Array,
  default: []
 }
 },
 data () {
 return {
  // basicdata数据包含组件基本数据
  basicdata: {
  start: {}, // 记录起始位置
  end: {}, // 记录终点位置
  currentPage: 0 // 默认首图的序列
  },
  // temporaryData数据包含组件临时数据
  temporaryData: {
  poswidth: &#39;&#39;, // 记录位移
  posheight: &#39;&#39;, // 记录位移
  lastPosWidth: &#39;&#39;, // 记录上次最终位移
  lastPosHeight: &#39;&#39;, // 记录上次最终位移
  tracking: false, // 是否在滑动,防止多次操作,影响体验
  animation: false, // 首图是否启用动画效果,默认为否
  opacity: 1, // 记录首图透明度
  swipe: false // onTransition判定条件
  }
 }
 },
 methods: {
 touchstart (e) {
  if (this.temporaryData.tracking) {
  return
  }
  // 是否为touch
  if (e.type === &#39;touchstart&#39;) {
  if (e.touches.length > 1) {
   this.temporaryData.tracking = false
   return
  } else {
   // 记录起始位置
   this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
   this.basicdata.start.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.start.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
  }
  // pc操作
  } else {
  this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
  this.basicdata.start.x = e.clientX
  this.basicdata.start.y = e.clientY
  this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
  this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
  }
  this.temporaryData.tracking = true
  this.temporaryData.animation = false
 },
 touchmove (e) {
  // 记录滑动位置
  if (this.temporaryData.tracking && !this.temporaryData.animation) {
  if (e.type === &#39;touchmove&#39;) {
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
  } else {
   this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
   this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
  }
  // 计算滑动值
  this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.basicdata.end.x - this.basicdata.start.x
  this.temporaryData.posheight = this.basicdata.end.y - this.basicdata.start.y
  }
 },
 touchend (e) {
  this.temporaryData.tracking = false
  this.temporaryData.animation = true
  // 滑动结束,触发判断
  // 简单判断滑动宽度超出100像素时触发滑出
  if (Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth) >= 100) {
  // 最终位移简单设定为x轴200像素的偏移
  let ratio = Math.abs(this.temporaryData.posheight / this.temporaryData.poswidth)
  this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.temporaryData.poswidth >= 0 ? this.temporaryData.poswidth + 200 : this.temporaryData.poswidth - 200
  this.temporaryData.posheight = this.temporaryData.posheight >= 0 ? Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio) : -Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio)
  this.temporaryData.opacity = 0
  this.temporaryData.swipe = true
  // 记录最终滑动距离
  this.temporaryData.lastPosWidth = this.temporaryData.poswidth
  this.temporaryData.lastPosHeight = this.temporaryData.posheight
  // currentPage+1 引发排序变化
  this.basicdata.currentPage += 1
  // currentPage切换,整体dom进行变化,把第一层滑动置零
  this.$nextTick(() => {
   this.temporaryData.poswidth = 0
   this.temporaryData.posheight = 0
   this.temporaryData.opacity = 1
  })
  // 不满足条件则滑入
  } else {
  this.temporaryData.poswidth = 0
  this.temporaryData.posheight = 0
  this.temporaryData.swipe = false
  }
 },
 onTransitionEnd (index) {
  // dom发生变化后,正在执行的动画滑动序列已经变为上一层
  if (this.temporaryData.swipe && index === this.basicdata.currentPage - 1) {
  this.temporaryData.animation = true
  this.temporaryData.lastPosWidth = 0
  this.temporaryData.lastPosHeight = 0
  this.temporaryData.swipe = false
  }
 },
 // 非首页样式切换
 transform (index) {
  if (index > this.basicdata.currentPage) {
  let style = {}
  let visible = 3
  let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
  // visible可见数量前滑块的样式
  if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
   style[&#39;opacity&#39;] = &#39;1&#39;
   style[&#39;transform&#39;] = &#39;translate3D(0,0,&#39; + -1 * perIndex * 60 + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;)&#39;
   style[&#39;zIndex&#39;] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
   style[&#39;transitionTimingFunction&#39;] = &#39;ease&#39;
   style[&#39;transitionDuration&#39;] = 300 + &#39;ms&#39;
  } else {
   style[&#39;zIndex&#39;] = &#39;-1&#39;
   style[&#39;transform&#39;] = &#39;translate3D(0,0,&#39; + -1 * visible * 60 + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;)&#39;
  }
  return style
  // 已滑动模块释放后
  } else if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage - 1) {
  let style = {}
  // 继续执行动画
  style[&#39;transform&#39;] = &#39;translate3D(&#39; + this.temporaryData.lastPosWidth + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;,&#39; + this.temporaryData.lastPosHeight + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;,0px)&#39;
  style[&#39;opacity&#39;] = &#39;0&#39;
  style[&#39;zIndex&#39;] = &#39;-1&#39;
  style[&#39;transitionTimingFunction&#39;] = &#39;ease&#39;
  style[&#39;transitionDuration&#39;] = 300 + &#39;ms&#39;
  return style
  }
 },
 // 首页样式切换
 transformIndex (index) {
  // 处理3D效果
  if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage) {
  let style = {}
  style[&#39;transform&#39;] = &#39;translate3D(&#39; + this.temporaryData.poswidth + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;,&#39; + this.temporaryData.posheight + &#39;px&#39; + &#39;,0px)&#39;
  style[&#39;opacity&#39;] = this.temporaryData.opacity
  style[&#39;zIndex&#39;] = 10
  if (this.temporaryData.animation) {
   style[&#39;transitionTimingFunction&#39;] = &#39;ease&#39;
   style[&#39;transitionDuration&#39;] = 300 + &#39;ms&#39;
  }
  return style
  }
 }
 }
}
</script>
# ########ok~ 完成了上面的四步,堆疊元件的基本功能就已經實現,快來看看效果吧######### ######堆疊滑動效果已經出來了,但是探探在體驗上,還增加了觸碰角度偏移,以及判定滑出面積比例###

角度偏移的原理,是在使用者每次進行touch時,記錄使用者觸碰位置,計算出最大的偏移角度,在滑動出現位移時,線性增加角度以至最大的偏移角度。

使用在stack中具體要做的是:

  • touchmove中計算出所需角度和方向

  • ##touchend及onTransitionEnd中將角度至零


判定滑出面積比例,主要透過偏移量計算出偏移面積,從而得到面積比例,完成判斷

完整的程式碼和demo可以在github 上查看源碼,這裡就不貼出來了

#謝謝大家看完這篇文章,喜歡可以在github上給個:star:️ ,最後祝大家在探探上都能找到前女友:green_heart:

上面是我整理給大家的,希望今後會對大家有幫助。

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