python3+PyQt5使用資料庫表格視圖
- 不言原創
- 2018-04-24 11:49:413084瀏覽
這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了python3 PyQt5使用資料庫表視圖，具有一定的參考價值，有興趣的小夥伴們可以參考一下
上文提到窗體可以一次呈現出來自同一記錄的各個網域，但是對於使用者希望能看到多筆記錄的表來說，就需要使用表格化的視圖了。本文透過python3 pyqt5改寫實現了python Qt gui 快速變成15章的例子，使用者能夠一次看到多筆記錄。
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import os
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import (PYQT_VERSION_STR, QDate, QFile, QRegExp, QVariant, QModelIndex,Qt)
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication,QComboBox,
QDateTimeEdit, QDialog, QGridLayout, QHBoxLayout, QLabel,
QLineEdit, QDateEdit,QMessageBox, QPushButton,
QStyleOptionViewItem, QTableView,QVBoxLayout)
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPixmap,QCursor,QRegExpValidator
from PyQt5.QtSql import (QSqlDatabase, QSqlQuery, QSqlRelation,
QSqlRelationalDelegate, QSqlRelationalTableModel,QSqlTableModel)
import qrc_resources
MAC = True
try:
from PyQt5.QtGui import qt_mac_set_native_menubar
except ImportError:
MAC = False
ID = 0
NAME = ASSETID = 1
CATEGORYID = DATE = DESCRIPTION = 2
ROOM = ACTIONID = 3
ACQUIRED = 1
def createFakeData():
import random
print("Dropping tables...")
query = QSqlQuery()
query.exec_("DROP TABLE assets")
query.exec_("DROP TABLE logs")
query.exec_("DROP TABLE actions")
query.exec_("DROP TABLE categories")
QApplication.processEvents()
print("Creating tables...")
query.exec_("""CREATE TABLE actions (
id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
description VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL)""")
query.exec_("""CREATE TABLE categories (
id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
description VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL)""")
query.exec_("""CREATE TABLE assets (
id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
name VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL,
categoryid INTEGER NOT NULL,
room VARCHAR(4) NOT NULL,
FOREIGN KEY (categoryid) REFERENCES categories)""")
query.exec_("""CREATE TABLE logs (
id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
assetid INTEGER NOT NULL,
date DATE NOT NULL,
actionid INTEGER NOT NULL,
FOREIGN KEY (assetid) REFERENCES assets,
FOREIGN KEY (actionid) REFERENCES actions)""")
QApplication.processEvents()
print("Populating tables...")
query.exec_("INSERT INTO actions (name, description) "
"VALUES ('Acquired', 'When installed')")
query.exec_("INSERT INTO actions (name, description) "
"VALUES ('Broken', 'When failed and unusable')")
query.exec_("INSERT INTO actions (name, description) "
"VALUES ('Repaired', 'When back in service')")
query.exec_("INSERT INTO actions (name, description) "
"VALUES ('Routine maintenance', "
"'When tested, refilled, etc.')")
query.exec_("INSERT INTO categories (name, description) VALUES "
"('Computer Equipment', "
"'Monitors, System Units, Peripherals, etc.')")
query.exec_("INSERT INTO categories (name, description) VALUES "
"('Furniture', 'Chairs, Tables, Desks, etc.')")
query.exec_("INSERT INTO categories (name, description) VALUES "
"('Electrical Equipment', 'Non-computer electricals')")
today = QDate.currentDate()
floors = list(range(1, 12)) + list(range(14, 28))
monitors = (('17" LCD Monitor', 1),
('20" LCD Monitor', 1),
('21" LCD Monitor', 1),
('21" CRT Monitor', 1),
('24" CRT Monitor', 1))
computers = (("Computer (32-bit/80GB/0.5GB)", 1),
("Computer (32-bit/100GB/1GB)", 1),
("Computer (32-bit/120GB/1GB)", 1),
("Computer (64-bit/240GB/2GB)", 1),
("Computer (64-bit/320GB/4GB)", 1))
printers = (("Laser Printer (4 ppm)", 1),
("Laser Printer (6 ppm)", 1),
("Laser Printer (8 ppm)", 1),
("Laser Printer (16 ppm)", 1))
chairs = (("Secretary Chair", 2),
("Executive Chair (Basic)", 2),
("Executive Chair (Ergonimic)", 2),
("Executive Chair (Hi-Tech)", 2))
desks = (("Desk (Basic, 3 drawer)", 2),
("Desk (Standard, 3 drawer)", 2),
("Desk (Executive, 3 drawer)", 2),
("Desk (Executive, 4 drawer)", 2),
("Desk (Large, 4 drawer)", 2))
furniture = (("Filing Cabinet (3 drawer)", 2),
("Filing Cabinet (4 drawer)", 2),
("Filing Cabinet (5 drawer)", 2),
("Bookcase (4 shelves)", 2),
("Bookcase (6 shelves)", 2),
("Table (4 seater)", 2),
("Table (8 seater)", 2),
("Table (12 seater)", 2))
electrical = (("Fan (3 speed)", 3),
("Fan (5 speed)", 3),
("Photocopier (4 ppm)", 3),
("Photocopier (6 ppm)", 3),
("Photocopier (8 ppm)", 3),
("Shredder", 3))
query.prepare("INSERT INTO assets (name, categoryid, room) "
"VALUES (:name, :categoryid, :room)")
logQuery = QSqlQuery()
logQuery.prepare("INSERT INTO logs (assetid, date, actionid) "
"VALUES (:assetid, :date, :actionid)")
assetid = 1
for i in range(20):
room = "{0:02d}{1:02d}".format(
random.choice(floors), random.randint(1, 62))
for name, category in (random.choice(monitors),
random.choice(computers), random.choice(chairs),
random.choice(desks), random.choice(furniture)):
query.bindValue(":name", name)
query.bindValue(":categoryid", category)
query.bindValue(":room", room)
query.exec_()
logQuery.bindValue(":assetid", assetid)
when = today.addDays(-random.randint(7, 1500))
#when=when.toString()
logQuery.bindValue(":date", when.toString("yyyy-MM-dd"))
logQuery.bindValue(":actionid", ACQUIRED)
logQuery.exec_()
if random.random() > 0.7:
logQuery.bindValue(":assetid", assetid)
when = when.addDays(random.randint(1, 1500))
if when <= today:
logQuery.bindValue(":date", when.toString("yyyy-MM-dd"))
logQuery.bindValue(":actionid",
random.choice((2, 4)))
logQuery.exec_()
assetid += 1
if random.random() > 0.8:
name, category = random.choice(printers)
query.bindValue(":name", name)
query.bindValue(":categoryid", category)
query.bindValue(":room", room)
query.exec_()
logQuery.bindValue(":assetid", assetid)
when = today.addDays(-random.randint(7, 1500))
logQuery.bindValue(":date", when.toString("yyyy-MM-dd"))
logQuery.bindValue(":actionid",ACQUIRED)
logQuery.exec_()
if random.random() > 0.6:
logQuery.bindValue(":assetid", assetid)
when = when.addDays(random.randint(1, 1500))
if when <= today:
logQuery.bindValue(":date", when.toString("yyyy-MM-dd"))
logQuery.bindValue(":actionid",
random.choice((2, 4)))
logQuery.exec_()
assetid += 1
if random.random() > 0.6:
name, category = random.choice(electrical)
query.bindValue(":name", name)
query.bindValue(":categoryid", category)
query.bindValue(":room", room)
query.exec_()
logQuery.bindValue(":assetid", assetid)
when = today.addDays(-random.randint(7, 1500))
logQuery.bindValue(":date", when.toString("yyyy-MM-dd"))
logQuery.bindValue(":actionid",ACQUIRED)
logQuery.exec_()
if random.random() > 0.5:
logQuery.bindValue(":assetid", assetid)
when = when.addDays(random.randint(1, 1500))
if when <= today:
logQuery.bindValue(":date", when.toString("yyyy-MM-dd"))
logQuery.bindValue(":actionid",
random.choice((2, 4)))
logQuery.exec_()
assetid += 1
QApplication.processEvents()
print("Assets:")
query.exec_("SELECT id, name, categoryid, room FROM assets "
"ORDER by id")
categoryQuery = QSqlQuery()
while query.next():
id = query.value(0)
name = str(query.value(1))
categoryid = query.value(2)
room = str(query.value(3))
categoryQuery.exec_("SELECT name FROM categories "
"WHERE id = {0}".format(categoryid))
category = "{0}".format(categoryid)
if categoryQuery.next():
category = str(categoryQuery.value(0))
print("{0}: {1} [{2}] {3}".format(id, name, category, room))
QApplication.processEvents()
class ReferenceDataDlg(QDialog):
def __init__(self, table, title, parent=None):
super(ReferenceDataDlg, self).__init__(parent)
self.model = QSqlTableModel(self)
self.model.setTable(table)
self.model.setSort(NAME, Qt.AscendingOrder)
self.model.setHeaderData(ID, Qt.Horizontal,"ID")
self.model.setHeaderData(NAME, Qt.Horizontal, "Name")
self.model.setHeaderData(DESCRIPTION, Qt.Horizontal,"Description")
self.model.select()
self.view = QTableView()
self.view.setModel(self.model)
self.view.setSelectionMode(QTableView.SingleSelection)
self.view.setSelectionBehavior(QTableView.SelectRows)
self.view.setColumnHidden(ID, True)
self.view.resizeColumnsToContents()
addButton = QPushButton("&Add")
deleteButton = QPushButton("&Delete")
okButton = QPushButton("&OK")
if not MAC:
addButton.setFocusPolicy(Qt.NoFocus)
deleteButton.setFocusPolicy(Qt.NoFocus)
buttonLayout = QHBoxLayout()
buttonLayout.addWidget(addButton)
buttonLayout.addWidget(deleteButton)
buttonLayout.addStretch()
buttonLayout.addWidget(okButton)
layout = QVBoxLayout()
layout.addWidget(self.view)
layout.addLayout(buttonLayout)
self.setLayout(layout)
addButton.clicked.connect(self.addRecord)
deleteButton.clicked.connect(self.deleteRecord)
okButton.clicked.connect(self.accept)
self.setWindowTitle(
"Asset Manager - Edit {0} Reference Data".format(title))
def addRecord(self):
row = self.model.rowCount()
self.model.insertRow(row)
index = self.model.index(row, NAME)
self.view.setCurrentIndex(index)
self.view.edit(index)
def deleteRecord(self):
index = self.view.currentIndex()
if not index.isValid():
return
#QSqlDatabase.database().transaction()
record = self.model.record(index.row())
id = record.value(ID)
table = self.model.tableName()
query = QSqlQuery()
if table == "actions":
query.exec_("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM logs "
"WHERE actionid = {0}".format(id))
elif table == "categories":
query.exec_("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM assets "
"WHERE categoryid = {0}".format(id))
count = 0
if query.next():
count = query.value(0)
if count:
QMessageBox.information(self,
"Delete {0}".format(table),
("Cannot delete {0}<br>"
"from the {1} table because it is used by "
"{2} records").format(record.value(NAME),table,count))
#QSqlDatabase.database().rollback()
return
self.model.removeRow(index.row())
self.model.submitAll()
self.model.select()
#QSqlDatabase.database().commit()
class AssetDelegate(QSqlRelationalDelegate):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(AssetDelegate, self).__init__(parent)
def paint(self, painter, option, index):
myoption = QStyleOptionViewItem(option)
if index.column() == ROOM:
myoption.displayAlignment |= (Qt.AlignRight|Qt.AlignVCenter)
QSqlRelationalDelegate.paint(self, painter, myoption, index)
def createEditor(self, parent, option, index):
if index.column() == ROOM:
editor = QLineEdit(parent)
regex = QRegExp(r"(?:0[1-9]|1[0124-9]|2[0-7])"
r"(?:0[1-9]|[1-5][0-9]|6[012])")
validator = QRegExpValidator(regex, parent)
editor.setValidator(validator)
editor.setInputMask("9999")
editor.setAlignment(Qt.AlignRight|Qt.AlignVCenter)
return editor
else:
return QSqlRelationalDelegate.createEditor(self, parent,
option, index)
def setEditorData(self, editor, index):
if index.column() == ROOM:
text = index.model().data(index, Qt.DisplayRole)
editor.setText(text)
else:
QSqlRelationalDelegate.setEditorData(self, editor, index)
def setModelData(self, editor, model, index):
if index.column() == ROOM:
model.setData(index, editor.text())
else:
QSqlRelationalDelegate.setModelData(self, editor, model,
index)
class LogDelegate(QSqlRelationalDelegate):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(LogDelegate, self).__init__(parent)
def paint(self, painter, option, index):
myoption = QStyleOptionViewItem(option)
if index.column() == DATE:
myoption.displayAlignment |= (Qt.AlignRight|Qt.AlignVCenter)
QSqlRelationalDelegate.paint(self, painter, myoption, index)
def createEditor(self, parent, option, index):
if (index.column() == ACTIONID and
index.model().data(index, Qt.DisplayRole) ==
ACQUIRED): # Acquired is read-only
return
if index.column() == DATE:
editor = QDateEdit(parent)
editor.setMaximumDate(QDate.currentDate())
editor.setDisplayFormat("yyyy-MM-dd")
if PYQT_VERSION_STR >= "4.1.0":
editor.setCalendarPopup(True)
editor.setAlignment(Qt.AlignRight|
Qt.AlignVCenter)
return editor
else:
return QSqlRelationalDelegate.createEditor(self, parent,
option, index)
def setEditorData(self, editor, index):
if index.column() == DATE:
date = index.model().data(index, Qt.DisplayRole)
editor.setDate(date)
else:
QSqlRelationalDelegate.setEditorData(self, editor, index)
def setModelData(self, editor, model, index):
if index.column() == DATE:
model.setData(index, QVariant(editor.date()))
else:
QSqlRelationalDelegate.setModelData(self, editor, model,
index)
class MainForm(QDialog):
def __init__(self):
super(MainForm, self).__init__()
self.assetModel = QSqlRelationalTableModel(self)
self.assetModel.setTable("assets")
self.assetModel.setRelation(CATEGORYID,
QSqlRelation("categories", "id", "name"))
self.assetModel.setSort(ROOM, Qt.AscendingOrder)
self.assetModel.setHeaderData(ID, Qt.Horizontal,"ID")
self.assetModel.setHeaderData(NAME, Qt.Horizontal,"Name")
self.assetModel.setHeaderData(CATEGORYID, Qt.Horizontal,"Category")
self.assetModel.setHeaderData(ROOM, Qt.Horizontal,"Room")
self.assetModel.select()
self.assetView = QTableView()
self.assetView.setModel(self.assetModel)
self.assetView.setItemDelegate(AssetDelegate(self))
self.assetView.setSelectionMode(QTableView.SingleSelection)
self.assetView.setSelectionBehavior(QTableView.SelectRows)
self.assetView.setColumnHidden(ID, True)
self.assetView.resizeColumnsToContents()
assetLabel = QLabel("A&ssets")
assetLabel.setBuddy(self.assetView)
self.logModel = QSqlRelationalTableModel(self)
self.logModel.setTable("logs")
self.logModel.setRelation(ACTIONID,
QSqlRelation("actions", "id", "name"))
self.logModel.setSort(DATE, Qt.AscendingOrder)
self.logModel.setHeaderData(DATE, Qt.Horizontal, "Date")
self.logModel.setHeaderData(ACTIONID, Qt.Horizontal,"Action")
self.logModel.select()
self.logView = QTableView()
self.logView.setModel(self.logModel)
self.logView.setItemDelegate(LogDelegate(self))
self.logView.setSelectionMode(QTableView.SingleSelection)
self.logView.setSelectionBehavior(QTableView.SelectRows)
self.logView.setColumnHidden(ID, True)
self.logView.setColumnHidden(ASSETID, True)
self.logView.resizeColumnsToContents()
self.logView.horizontalHeader().setStretchLastSection(True)
logLabel = QLabel("&Logs")
logLabel.setBuddy(self.logView)
addAssetButton = QPushButton("&Add Asset")
deleteAssetButton = QPushButton("&Delete Asset")
addActionButton = QPushButton("Add A&ction")
deleteActionButton = QPushButton("Delete Ac&tion")
editActionsButton = QPushButton("&Edit Actions...")
editCategoriesButton = QPushButton("Ed&it Categories...")
quitButton = QPushButton("&Quit")
for button in (addAssetButton, deleteAssetButton,
addActionButton, deleteActionButton,
editActionsButton, editCategoriesButton, quitButton):
if MAC:
button.setDefault(False)
button.setAutoDefault(False)
else:
button.setFocusPolicy(Qt.NoFocus)
dataLayout = QVBoxLayout()
dataLayout.addWidget(assetLabel)
dataLayout.addWidget(self.assetView, 1)
dataLayout.addWidget(logLabel)
dataLayout.addWidget(self.logView)
buttonLayout = QVBoxLayout()
buttonLayout.addWidget(addAssetButton)
buttonLayout.addWidget(deleteAssetButton)
buttonLayout.addWidget(addActionButton)
buttonLayout.addWidget(deleteActionButton)
buttonLayout.addWidget(editActionsButton)
buttonLayout.addWidget(editCategoriesButton)
buttonLayout.addStretch()
buttonLayout.addWidget(quitButton)
layout = QHBoxLayout()
layout.addLayout(dataLayout, 1)
layout.addLayout(buttonLayout)
self.setLayout(layout)
#self.connect(self.assetView.selectionModel(),
#SIGNAL(("currentRowChanged(QModelIndex,QModelIndex)")),
#self.assetChanged)
self.assetView.selectionModel().currentRowChanged.connect(self.assetChanged)
addAssetButton.clicked.connect(self.addAsset)
deleteAssetButton.clicked.connect(self.deleteAsset)
addActionButton.clicked.connect(self.addAction)
deleteActionButton.clicked.connect(self.deleteAction)
editActionsButton.clicked.connect(self.editActions)
editCategoriesButton.clicked.connect(self.editCategories)
quitButton.clicked.connect(self.done)
self.assetChanged(self.assetView.currentIndex())
self.setMinimumWidth(650)
self.setWindowTitle("Asset Manager")
def done(self, result=1):
query = QSqlQuery()
query.exec_("DELETE FROM logs WHERE logs.assetid NOT IN"
"(SELECT id FROM assets)")
QDialog.done(self, 1)
def assetChanged(self, index):
if index.isValid():
record = self.assetModel.record(index.row())
#print(index.row())
id = record.value("id")
self.logModel.setFilter("assetid = {0}".format(id))
else:
self.logModel.setFilter("assetid = -1")
#self.logModel.reset() # workaround for Qt <= 4.3.3/SQLite bug
#self.logModel.beginResetModel()
self.logModel.select()
self.logView.horizontalHeader().setVisible(
self.logModel.rowCount() > 0)
if PYQT_VERSION_STR < "4.1.0":
self.logView.setColumnHidden(ID, True)
self.logView.setColumnHidden(ASSETID, True)
#self.logModel.endResetModel()
def addAsset(self):
row = (self.assetView.currentIndex().row()
if self.assetView.currentIndex().isValid() else 0)
QSqlDatabase.database().transaction()
self.assetModel.insertRow(row)
index = self.assetModel.index(row, NAME)
self.assetView.setCurrentIndex(index)
assetid = 1
query = QSqlQuery()
query.exec_("SELECT MAX(id) FROM assets")
if query.next():
assetid = query.value(0)
query.prepare("INSERT INTO logs (assetid, date, actionid) "
"VALUES (:assetid, :date, :actionid)")
query.bindValue(":assetid", assetid + 1)
query.bindValue(":date", QDate.currentDate())
query.bindValue(":actionid", ACQUIRED)
query.exec_()
QSqlDatabase.database().commit()
#self.logModel.select()
self.assetView.edit(index)
def deleteAsset(self):
index = self.assetView.currentIndex()
if not index.isValid():
return
QSqlDatabase.database().transaction()
record = self.assetModel.record(index.row())
assetid = record.value(ID)
logrecords = 1
query = QSqlQuery("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM logs WHERE assetid = {0}".format(assetid))
if query.next():
logrecords = query.value(0)
msg = ("<font color=red>Delete</font><br><b>{0}</b>"
"<br>from room {1}").format(record.value(NAME),record.value(ROOM))
if logrecords > 1:
msg += (", along with {0} log records"
.format(logrecords))
msg += "?"
if (QMessageBox.question(self, "Delete Asset", msg,
QMessageBox.Yes|QMessageBox.No) ==
QMessageBox.No):
QSqlDatabase.database().rollback()
return
#query.exec_("DELETE FROM logs WHERE assetid = {0}"
# .format(assetid))
#use model API
self.logModel.setFilter("assetid={0}".format(assetid))
self.logModel.select()
if self.logModel.rowCount()>0:
self.logModel.removeRows(0,self.logModel.rowCount())
self.logModel.submitAll()
self.assetModel.removeRow(index.row())
self.assetModel.submitAll()
QSqlDatabase.database().commit()
self.assetModel.select()
self.assetChanged(self.assetView.currentIndex())
def addAction(self):
index = self.assetView.currentIndex()
if not index.isValid():
return
QSqlDatabase.database().transaction()
record = self.assetModel.record(index.row())
assetid = record.value(ID)
row = self.logModel.rowCount()
self.logModel.insertRow(row)
self.logModel.setData(self.logModel.index(row, ASSETID),
assetid)
self.logModel.setData(self.logModel.index(row, DATE),
QDate.currentDate())
QSqlDatabase.database().commit()
index = self.logModel.index(row, ACTIONID)
self.logView.setCurrentIndex(index)
self.logView.edit(index)
def deleteAction(self):
index = self.logView.currentIndex()
if not index.isValid():
return
record = self.logModel.record(index.row())
action = record.value(ACTIONID)
if action == "Acquired":
QMessageBox.information(self, "Delete Log",
"The 'Acquired' log record cannot be deleted.<br>"
"You could delete the entire asset instead.")
return
when = str(record.value(DATE))
if (QMessageBox.question(self, "Delete Log",
"Delete log<br>{0} {1}?".format(when, action),
QMessageBox.Yes|QMessageBox.No) ==
QMessageBox.No):
return
self.logModel.removeRow(index.row())
self.logModel.submitAll()
self.logModel.select()
def editActions(self):
form = ReferenceDataDlg("actions", "Action", self)
form.exec_()
def editCategories(self):
form = ReferenceDataDlg("categories", "Category", self)
form.exec_()
def main():
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
filename = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "assets.db")
create = not QFile.exists(filename)
db = QSqlDatabase.addDatabase("QSQLITE")
db.setDatabaseName(filename)
if not db.open():
QMessageBox.warning(None, "Asset Manager",
("Database Error: {0}"
.format(db.lastError().text())))
sys.exit(1)
splash = None
if create:
app.setOverrideCursor(QCursor(Qt.WaitCursor))
splash = QLabel()
pixmap = QPixmap(":/assetmanagersplash.png")
splash.setPixmap(pixmap)
splash.setMask(pixmap.createHeuristicMask())
splash.setWindowFlags(Qt.SplashScreen)
rect = app.desktop().availableGeometry()
splash.move((rect.width() - pixmap.width()) / 2,
(rect.height() - pixmap.height()) / 2)
splash.show()
app.processEvents()
createFakeData()
form = MainForm()
form.show()
if create:
splash.close()
app.processEvents()
app.restoreOverrideCursor()
app.exec_()
del form
del db
main()
運行結果：
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