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首頁  >  文章  >  web前端  >  js封裝成插件_Canvas統計圖插件編寫實例_javascript技巧

js封裝成插件_Canvas統計圖插件編寫實例_javascript技巧

韦小宝
韦小宝原創
2018-01-23 11:11:411864瀏覽

下面小編就為大家帶來一篇js封裝成插件_Canvas統計圖外掛程式編寫實例。小編覺得挺不錯的，現在就分享js原始碼給大家，也給大家做個參考。對js有興趣的一起跟隨小編過來看看吧

之前就說過，我想寫一個canvas畫統計圖的插件，現在寫好了

先說下實現的功能吧：

　　1.可以透過自訂X軸座標屬性和Y軸座標屬性按比例畫出統計圖

　　2.可以選擇畫折現圖還是長條統計圖，或兩者都實現

　　3.可以自由定義折現顏色，座標顏色，長條圖顏色和canvas邊框顏色，當然邊框你也可以選擇要或不要

　　4.可以選擇是否實現長條圖和折現圖的動畫實作

##實作過程

#畫座標－畫箭頭－做X軸與Y軸的標註－畫長條圖－畫出折現圖

話不多說，上程式碼

(function(window,document){
 var ChartDraws = function(options){
  if(!(this instanceof ChartDraws))return new ChartDraws(options);
  this.options = $.extend({
   //报表所需的参数
   "containerId" : "",  //canvas所在容器id
   "canvasWidth" : 400,
   "canvasHeight" : 300,
   "paddingLeft" : 20,
   "paddingTop" : 20,
   "columnChartData" :[], //柱形图的数量和对应得名称以及百分比
   "yChartData" :[],   //y轴的数量及名称
   "axisColor" : "white",  //坐标轴颜色
   "columnChartColor" : "#EEE685", //柱形图颜色
   "isNeedAnimation" : true, //是否需要动画
   "isNeedLineChart" : true, //是否需要折线图
   "isNeedColumnChart" : true, //是否需要柱形图
   "lineChartColor" : "#90EE90", //折线图颜色，当isNeedLineChart=true时有效
   "isNeedBorder" : false,  //canvas是否需要外边框
   "borderColor" : "white"  //外边框颜色
  },options);
  if(this.options.canvasWidth<=500)
  {
   this.axisBorderWidth = 3;
   this.fontSize = 8;
  }
  else if(this.options.canvasWidth<=800){
   this.axisBorderWidth = 4;
   this.fontSize = 12;
  }
  else{
   this.axisBorderWidth = 5;
   this.fontSize = 16;
  }
  var self = this;
  _init();
  function _init(){
   var canvasDom = document.createElement("canvas");
   canvasDom.id = self.options.containerId+"_"+"canvas";
   canvasDom.width = self.options.canvasWidth;
   canvasDom.height = self.options.canvasHeight;
   if(self.options.isNeedBorder){
    canvasDom.style.borderWidth = 1;
    canvasDom.style.borderStyle = "solid";
    canvasDom.style.borderColor = self.options.borderColor;
   }
   document.getElementById(self.options.containerId).appendChild(canvasDom);
   self.context = document.getElementById(self.options.containerId+"_"+"canvas");
   self.ctx = self.context.getContext("2d");
   _drawAxis();
  }

  function _drawAxis(){
   var XYData =transformAxis( [{x:self.options.paddingLeft,y:self.options.canvasHeight-self.options.paddingTop},{x:self.options.paddingLeft,y:self.options.paddingTop},{x:self.options.canvasWidth-self.options.paddingLeft,y:self.options.paddingTop}]);
   self.ctx.strokeStyle=self.options.axisColor;
   drawLine(self.ctx,XYData,self.axisBorderWidth);
   //画三角箭头
   //画y轴三角箭头
   drawLine(self.ctx,transformAxis([{x:self.options.paddingLeft-self.axisBorderWidth,y:self.options.canvasHeight-self.options.paddingTop-self.axisBorderWidth*2},{x:self.options.paddingLeft,y:self.options.canvasHeight-self.options.paddingTop},{x:self.options.paddingLeft+self.axisBorderWidth,y:self.options.canvasHeight-self.options.paddingTop-self.axisBorderWidth*2}]),self.axisBorderWidth);
   //画x轴三角箭头
   drawLine(self.ctx,transformAxis([{x:self.options.canvasWidth-self.options.paddingLeft-self.axisBorderWidth*2,y:self.options.paddingTop+self.axisBorderWidth},{x:self.options.canvasWidth-self.options.paddingLeft,y:self.options.paddingTop},{x:self.options.canvasWidth-self.options.paddingLeft-self.axisBorderWidth*2,y:self.options.paddingTop-self.axisBorderWidth}]),self.axisBorderWidth);
   _drawCoordinatePoints();
  }

  function _drawCoordinatePoints(){
   self.reactAngleWidth = (1-2*0.04)*(self.options.canvasWidth-(2*self.options.paddingLeft))/(self.options.columnChartData.length*2-1);
   self.lineDataList = [];
   for(var i = 0;i<self.options.columnChartData.length;i++)
   {
    drawXText(self.ctx,2*self.options.columnChartData[i].NO*self.reactAngleWidth+self.options.paddingLeft+0.04*(self.options.canvasWidth-(2*self.options.paddingLeft))+self.reactAngleWidth/2,self.options.paddingTop/2,self.options.columnChartData[i].Name);
    self.lineDataList.push({
     x:2*self.options.columnChartData[i].NO*self.reactAngleWidth+self.options.paddingLeft+0.04*(self.options.canvasWidth-(2*self.options.paddingLeft))+self.reactAngleWidth/2,
     y:self.options.canvasHeight-(self.options.paddingTop+(self.options.canvasHeight-2*self.options.paddingTop)*self.options.columnChartData[i].PT)
    })
   }

   //画Y轴title 画y轴虚线
   self.reactAngleHeight = (self.options.canvasHeight-2*self.options.paddingTop)/(self.options.yChartData.length+1);
   for(var j = 0;j<self.options.yChartData.length;j++)
   {
    drawYText(self.ctx,3*self.options.paddingLeft/4,self.options.paddingTop+self.reactAngleHeight*(j+1),self.options.yChartData[j].Name);
    //画虚线
    drawDottedLine(self.ctx,self.options.paddingLeft,self.options.paddingTop+self.reactAngleHeight*(j+1),self.options.canvasWidth-self.options.paddingLeft,self.options.paddingTop+self.reactAngleHeight*(j+1),self.options.canvasWidth-2*self.options.paddingLeft,10,self.axisBorderWidth/2);
   }
   _drawColumnChart();
  }

  function _drawColumnChart(){
   //柱形图循环
   var reactAngleTimer = 1;
   function loopColumnChart()
   {
    var columnChartLooped = window.requestAnimationFrame(loopColumnChart);
    if(reactAngleTimer<=100)
    {
     for(var k=0;k<self.options.columnChartData.length;k++)
     {
      self.ctx.fillStyle =self.options.columnChartColor;
      drawRectangle(self.ctx,self.lineDataList[k].x-self.reactAngleWidth/2,self.options.canvasHeight-((self.options.canvasHeight-2*self.options.paddingTop)*self.options.columnChartData[k].PT*reactAngleTimer/100+self.options.paddingTop),self.reactAngleWidth,(self.options.canvasHeight-2*self.options.paddingTop)*self.options.columnChartData[k].PT*reactAngleTimer/100);
     }
     reactAngleTimer++;
    }
    else
    {
     window.cancelAnimationFrame(columnChartLooped);
     columnChartLooped = null;
     reactAngleTimer = 1;
     if(self.options.isNeedLineChart)
     {
      loopLineChart();
     }
    }
   }
   //折线图循环
   var lineTimer = 0;
   function loopLineChart()
   {
    var lineChartLooped = window.requestAnimationFrame(loopLineChart);
    if(lineTimer<self.lineDataList.length-1)
    {
     self.ctx.lineWidth = 2*self.axisBorderWidth/3;
     if(lineTimer == 0)
     {
      drawCircle(self.ctx,self.lineDataList[lineTimer].x,self.lineDataList[lineTimer].y);
     }
     drawCircle(self.ctx,self.lineDataList[lineTimer+1].x,self.lineDataList[lineTimer+1].y);
     self.ctx.beginPath();
     self.ctx.moveTo(self.lineDataList[lineTimer].x,self.lineDataList[lineTimer].y);
     self.ctx.lineTo(self.lineDataList[lineTimer+1].x,self.lineDataList[lineTimer+1].y);
     self.ctx.strokeStyle = self.options.lineChartColor;
     self.ctx.lineWidth = 2*self.axisBorderWidth/3;
     self.ctx.stroke();
     lineTimer++;
    }
    else
    {
     window.cancelAnimationFrame(lineChartLooped);
     lineChartLooped = null;
     lineTimer = 0;
    }
   }
   //画柱形图
   function drawRectangle(context,x,y,width,height){
    context.beginPath();
    context.fillRect(x,y,width,height);
   }
   //画圆
   function drawCircle(context,x,y){
    context.beginPath();
    context.arc(x,y,self.axisBorderWidth/2,0,2*Math.PI,true);
    context.strokeStyle=self.options.lineChartColor;
    context.stroke();
    context.closePath();
   }
   if(self.options.isNeedAnimation)
   {
    if(self.options.isNeedColumnChart)
    {
     loopColumnChart();
    }
    else
    {
     if(self.options.isNeedLineChart) {
      loopLineChart();
     }
    }
   }
   else
   {
    if(self.options.isNeedColumnChart)
    {
     for(var k=0;k<self.options.columnChartData.length;k++)
     {
      self.ctx.fillStyle =self.options.columnChartColor;
      drawRectangle(self.ctx,self.lineDataList[k].x-self.reactAngleWidth/2,self.options.canvasHeight-((self.options.canvasHeight-2*self.options.paddingTop)*self.options.columnChartData[k].PT+self.options.paddingTop),self.reactAngleWidth,(self.options.canvasHeight-2*self.options.paddingTop)*self.options.columnChartData[k].PT);
     }
    }
    if(self.options.isNeedLineChart) {
     for (var l = 0; l < self.lineDataList.length - 1; l++) {
      self.ctx.lineWidth = 4;
      if (l == 0) {
       drawCircle(self.ctx, self.lineDataList[l].x, self.lineDataList[l].y);
      }
      drawCircle(self.ctx, self.lineDataList[l + 1].x, self.lineDataList[l + 1].y);
      self.ctx.beginPath();
      self.ctx.moveTo(self.lineDataList[l].x, self.lineDataList[l].y);
      self.ctx.lineTo(self.lineDataList[l + 1].x, self.lineDataList[l + 1].y);
      self.ctx.strokeStyle = self.options.lineChartColor;
      self.ctx.lineWidth = 2*self.axisBorderWidth/3;
      self.ctx.stroke();
     }
    }
   }
  }


  function transformAxis(data)
  {
   var newData=[];
   for(var i=0;i<data.length;i++){
    newData.push({
     x:data[i].x,
     y:self.options.canvasHeight-data[i].y
    })
   }
   return newData;
  }

  function drawLine(context,point,width){
   context.beginPath();
   context.moveTo(point[0].x,point[0].y);
   if(point.length>2)
   {
    for(var i=1;i<point.length;i++)
    {
     context.lineTo(point[i].x,point[i].y);
    }
   }
   context.lineWidth = width;
   context.lineJoin=&#39;round&#39;;
   context.stroke();
   context.closePath();
  }

  //画y轴title
  function drawYText(context,x,y,str) {
   context.beginPath();
   context.font = &#39;{fontSize} Microsoft Yahei&#39;.replace("{fontSize}",self.fontSize+"px");
   context.fillStyle = &#39;white&#39;;
   context.textAlign = &#39;right&#39;;
   context.fillText(str,x,self.options.canvasHeight-y);
   context.closePath();
  }
  //画x轴title
  function drawXText(context,x,y,str) {
   context.beginPath();
   context.font = &#39;{fontSize} Microsoft Yahei&#39;.replace("{fontSize}",self.fontSize+"px");
   context.fillStyle = &#39;white&#39;;
   context.textAlign = &#39;center&#39;;
   context.fillText(str,x,self.options.canvasHeight-y);
   context.closePath();
  }
  function drawDottedLine(context,x1,y1,x2,y2,totalLength,length,lineWidth){
   y1 = self.options.canvasHeight-y1;
   y2 = self.options.canvasHeight-y2;
   var dashLen = length === undefined ? 5 : length;
   //计算有多少个线段
   context.beginPath();
   var num = Math.floor(totalLength/dashLen);
   context.lineWidth = lineWidth;
   for(var i = 0 ; i < num; i++)
   {
    context[i%2==0 ? &#39;moveTo&#39; : &#39;lineTo&#39;](x1+(x2-x1)/num*i,y1+(y2-y1)/num*i);
   }
   context.stroke();
  }
 };
 window.ChartDraws = ChartDraws;
}(window,document));

下面還有一個是實作requestAnimationFrame瀏覽器相容的

(function(){
 var lastTime = 0;
 var prefixes = [&#39;ms&#39;,&#39;webkit&#39;,&#39;o&#39;,&#39;moz&#39;]; //各浏览器前缀

 var requestAnimationFrame = window.requestAnimationFrame;
 var cancelAnimationFrame = window.cancelAnimationFrame;

 var prefix;
 //通过遍历各浏览器前缀，来得到requestAnimationFrame和cancelAnimationFrame在当前浏览器的实现形式
 for( var i = 0; i < prefixes.length; i++ ) {
  if ( requestAnimationFrame && cancelAnimationFrame ) {
   break;
  }
  prefix = prefixes[i];
  requestAnimationFrame = requestAnimationFrame || window[ prefix + &#39;RequestAnimationFrame&#39; ];
  cancelAnimationFrame = cancelAnimationFrame || window[ prefix + &#39;CancelAnimationFrame&#39; ] || window[ prefix + &#39;CancelRequestAnimationFrame&#39; ];
 }

 //如果当前浏览器不支持requestAnimationFrame和cancelAnimationFrame，则会退到setTimeout
 if ( !requestAnimationFrame || !cancelAnimationFrame ) {
  requestAnimationFrame = function( callback, element ) {
   var currTime = new Date().getTime();
   //为了使setTimteout的尽可能的接近每秒60帧的效果
   var timeToCall = Math.max( 0, 16 - ( currTime - lastTime ) );
   var id = window.setTimeout( function() {
    callback( currTime + timeToCall );
   }, timeToCall );
   lastTime = currTime + timeToCall;
   return id;
  };
  cancelAnimationFrame = function( id ) {
   window.clearTimeout( id );
  };
 }

 window.requestAnimationFrame = requestAnimationFrame;
 window.cancelAnimationFrame = cancelAnimationFrame;
}());

附上3f1c4e4b6b16bbbd69b2ee476dc4f83a呼叫

ChartDraws({
  "containerId" : "chart1",  //canvas所在容器id
  "canvasWidth" : 1000,
  "canvasHeight" : 250,
  "paddingLeft" : 50,
  "paddingTop" : 50,
  "columnChartData": [
   {NO:0,PT:0.2,Name:"Html/Css"},
   {NO:1,PT:0.4,Name:"Html5/Css3"},
   {NO:2,PT:0.4,Name:"JavaScript"},
   {NO:3,PT:0.5,Name:"JQuery"},
   {NO:4,PT:0.2,Name:"Angular.js"},
   {NO:5,PT:0.8,Name:"BootStrap"},
   {NO:6,PT:0.6,Name:"React.js"},
   {NO:7,PT:0.5,Name:"Java"}
  ],
  "yChartData" : [
   {NO:0,Name:"熟悉"},
   {NO:1,Name:"掌握"},
   {NO:2,Name:"精通"}
  ],
  "isNeedAnimation" : false,
  "isNeedBorder" : false,
  "isNeedLineChart":true,
  "axisColor" : "#8DEEEE"
 });
 ChartDraws({
  "containerId" : "chart2",  //canvas所在容器id
  "canvasWidth" : 1000,
  "canvasHeight" : 250,
  "paddingLeft" : 50,
  "paddingTop" : 50,
  "columnChartData": [
   {NO:0,PT:0.4,Name:"Html/Css"},
   {NO:1,PT:0.5,Name:"Html5/Css3"},
   {NO:2,PT:0.2,Name:"JavaScript"},
   {NO:3,PT:0.7,Name:"JQuery"},
   {NO:4,PT:0.2,Name:"Angular.js"},
   {NO:5,PT:0.3,Name:"BootStrap"},
   {NO:6,PT:0.8,Name:"React.js"},
   {NO:7,PT:0.2,Name:"Java"}
  ],
  "yChartData" : [
   {NO:0,Name:"熟悉"},
   {NO:1,Name:"掌握"},
   {NO:2,Name:"精通"}
  ],
  "isNeedAnimation" : false,
  "isNeedBorder" : false,
  "isNeedLineChart":false,
  "isNeedColumnChart" : true,
  "columnChartColor":"#9370DB"
 });

 ChartDraws({
  "containerId" : "chart3",  //canvas所在容器id
  "canvasWidth" : 1000,
  "canvasHeight" : 250,
  "paddingLeft" : 50,
  "paddingTop" : 50,
  "columnChartData": [
   {NO:0,PT:0.4,Name:"Html/Css"},
   {NO:1,PT:0.5,Name:"Html5/Css3"},
   {NO:2,PT:0.2,Name:"JavaScript"},
   {NO:3,PT:0.7,Name:"JQuery"},
   {NO:4,PT:0.2,Name:"Angular.js"},
   {NO:5,PT:0.3,Name:"BootStrap"},
   {NO:6,PT:0.8,Name:"React.js"},
   {NO:7,PT:0.2,Name:"Java"}
  ],
  "yChartData" : [
   {NO:0,Name:"熟悉"},
   {NO:1,Name:"掌握"},
   {NO:2,Name:"精通"}
  ],
  "isNeedAnimation" : false,
  "isNeedBorder" : true,
  "isNeedLineChart":true,
  "isNeedColumnChart" : false,
  "lineChartColor" : "#8DB6CD",
  "borderColor" : "#87CEFA"
 })

html代碼

<p class="section">
 <p id="chart1"></p>
 <p id="chart2"></p>
 <p id="chart3"></p>
 </p>

下面是一個實現後的效果圖

#在整個編碼的過程中我把程式碼改過一次，為什麼改呢，因為在第一次的時候我在js裡面使用了大量的ChartDraws.prototype.XXXX = function(){};

後來我一想不對啊，我為什麼要把這麼多的方法暴露給外部呢. .....這不是沒事找事麼.......

所以現在就改成這樣了，如果有不對的地方和可以改進的地方，希望路過的指點下，謝謝！還有那個白條程式碼背景怎麼刪不掉...........

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