asp.net教學之sql server轉換成oracle的方法詳解

這篇文章主要為大家介紹了關於asp.net開發中sql server轉換成oracle的相關資料，文中透過範例程式碼和圖文將實現的步驟一步步介紹的非常詳細，對大家的學習或工作具有一定的參考學習價值，需要的朋友們下面來一起學習學習吧。

前言

因為前段時間我們公司專案要把sql server 轉oracle，發現網路上這方面的資料較少，所以在這裡分享一下心得，也記錄一下問題，下面話不多說了，來一起看看詳細的介紹：

開始我研究了一段時間然後下載了

oracle 11g 版本和PL /SQL（客戶端） 和sql server 不同的是oracle 沒有自己的客戶端需要用第三方的軟體運行PL/SQL 就是一個sqldeveloper 也是一個，PL/SQL 我覺得比較穩定一點。但2個都安裝的話剛好互補了

oracle 容易出現無監聽什麼的錯誤可以參考

http://www.jb51.net/article/91184.htm

接著再用

建立表格空間和使用者這些網路上都找得到的

好了東西都安裝好了下面開始sql server 轉oracle

首先是資料庫的轉換我試了很多種方式，都是多多少少都是有點問題，因為是2個不同的資料庫，最後我還是決定自己寫個程式轉換

程式碼貼出來

連結字串

#

<add key="OracleConnectionString" value="Password=123;User ID=SA;Data Source=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost )(PORT=1521)))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=ORCL)))"/>
 
 <add key="SqlServerConnectionString" value="server=localhost;database=Table;uid=sa;pwd=123"/>

##

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OracleClient;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace TransplantSQL
{
 public partial class Form1 : Form
 {
 public static string OracleConnectionString = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["OracleConnectionString"];
 public static string SqlServerConnectionString = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["SqlServerConnectionString"];
 public Form1()
 {
  InitializeComponent();
 }

 private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
  OracleConnection con = new OracleConnection(OracleConnectionString);
  try
  {
  con.Open();
  if (con.State == System.Data.ConnectionState.Open)
  {
   label5.Text = "连接成功";
  }
  }
  catch (OracleException se)
  {
  label5.Text = "连接失败";
  }

  finally
  {
  con.Close();
  }
 }

 private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
  SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(SqlServerConnectionString);
  try
  {
  con.Open();
  if (con.State == System.Data.ConnectionState.Open)
  {
   label4.Text = "连接成功";
  }
  }
  catch (SqlException se)
  {
  label4.Text = "连接失败";
  }

  finally
  {
  con.Close();
  }
 }

 private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
  if (textBox1.Text == "")
  {
  DataTable tablenames = GetTableNames();
  foreach (DataRow item in tablenames.Rows)
  {
   string tablename = item["Name"].ToString().ToUpper();
   setdata(tablename);
  }
  }
  else
  {
  setdata(textBox1.Text);
  }

  label2.Text = "成功";
 }

 private static void setdata(string tablename)
 {
  // 查找有没有此表 如果没有就加
  int et = Convert.ToInt32(GetSingle("select count(*) from user_tables where table_name = '" + tablename + "'"));
  if (et <= 0)
  {
  DataTable tableInfo = GetTableInfo(tablename);
  string addtablesql = "CREATE TABLE {0}({1})";
  string cs = string.Empty;
  string biaoshi = string.Empty;
  foreach (DataRow citem in tableInfo.Rows)
  {
   cs += citem["字段名"].ToString();
   if (citem["类型"].ToString() == "int" || citem["类型"].ToString() == "bit" || citem["类型"].ToString() == "decimal")
   {
   cs += " NUMBER(" + (Convert.ToInt32(citem["长度"]) > 38 ? 38 : Convert.ToInt32(citem["长度"])) + (Convert.ToInt32(citem["小数位数"])>0?(","+Convert.ToInt32(citem["小数位数"])):"") + ")";
   }
   else if (citem["类型"].ToString() == "nvarchar" || citem["类型"].ToString() == "float")
   {
   cs += " VARCHAR2(" + (Convert.ToInt32(citem["长度"]) == -1 ? 4000 : Convert.ToInt32(citem["长度"]) * 2) + ")";
   }
   else if (citem["类型"].ToString() == "datetime")
   {
   cs += " DATE";
   }
   
   cs += citem["主键"].ToString() == "1" ? " primary key " : "";
   if (citem["标识"].ToString() == "1")
   {
   biaoshi = citem["字段名"].ToString();
   }
   cs += citem["默认值"].ToString() != "" ? " default " + citem["默认值"].ToString() + " " : "";
   cs += citem["允许空"].ToString() == "1" ? "," : " NOT NULL,";
  }
  cs = cs.Substring(0, cs.Length - 1);
  string tempsql = string.Format(addtablesql, tablename, cs);
  GetSingle(tempsql);
  if (biaoshi != string.Empty)
  {
   #region 判断是否有序列号 没有就创建 就是自动标识
   int xuliehao = 0;
   try
   {
   xuliehao = Convert.ToInt32(GetSingle(string.Format(@"select Seq_{0}.nextval from sys.dual", tablename)));
   }
   catch { }
   if (xuliehao <= 0)
   {
   #region 为了让序列不重复 取最大值为min 值
   int max = Convert.ToInt32(GetSingle(string.Format("select max({1}) from {0}", tablename, biaoshi),null));
   #endregion
   string sequence = string.Format(@"create sequence Seq_{0} start with {1} increment by 1 nomaxvalue minvalue 1 nocycle nocache", tablename, (max+1));//创建标识
   GetSingle(sequence);
   }
   #endregion
   #region 创建序列的触发器
   string chufaqisql = string.Format(@"CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER T_{0} 
      BEFORE INSERT ON {0} FOR EACH ROW WHEN (new.{1} is null)
      begin
      select Seq_{0}.nextval into:new.{1} from dual;
      end;", tablename, biaoshi);//创建触发器
   GetSingle(chufaqisql);
   #endregion
   #region 创建唯一约束
   //string weiyisql = string.Format(@"create unique index U_{0} on {0} ({1})", tablename, biaoshi);
   //GetSingle(weiyisql);
   #endregion
  }
  //int count = Convert.ToInt32(GetSingle("SELECT count(1) FROM " + tablename));
  //if (count < 10000)
  //{
  DataSet ds = Query("SELECT * FROM " + tablename);
  DataTable dt = ds.Tables[0];
  string columnsNames = string.Empty;
  string values = string.Empty;
  for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
  {
   columnsNames += dt.Columns[i].ColumnName + ",";

  }
  columnsNames = columnsNames.Substring(0, columnsNames.Length - 1);
  foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
  {
   values = string.Empty;
   for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
   {
   if (dr[i] != DBNull.Value)
   {
    if (dr[i].ToString() != "")
    {
    if (dt.Columns[i].DataType == Type.GetType("System.Double")
     || dt.Columns[i].DataType == Type.GetType("System.Decimal")
     || dt.Columns[i].DataType == Type.GetType("System.Int32"))
    {
     values += dr[i] + ",";
    }
    else if (dt.Columns[i].DataType == Type.GetType("System.String"))
    {
     values += "&#39;" + dr[i].ToString().Replace(&#39;\&#39;&#39;, &#39;‘&#39;) + "&#39;,";
    }
    else if (dt.Columns[i].DataType == Type.GetType("System.DateTime"))
    {
     values += "to_date(&#39;" + dr[i] + "&#39;,&#39;YYYY/MM/DD HH24:MI:SS&#39;),";
    }
    else if (dt.Columns[i].DataType == Type.GetType("System.Boolean"))
    {
     if (dr[i].ToString() == "False")
     {
     values += "0,";
     }
     else { values += "1,"; }
    }
    }
    else
    {
    values += "chr(32),";
    }
   }
   else
   {
    values += "NULL,";
   }
   }
   values = values.Substring(0, values.Length - 1);
   string osql = "Insert into " + tablename + "(" + columnsNames + ") values(" + values + ")";
   GetSingle(osql);
  }
  //}
  }
 }

 private static DataTable GetTableNames()
 {
  string sql = string.Format(@"SELECT Name FROM SysObjects Where XType=&#39;U&#39; ORDER BY Name");
  DataSet ds = Query(sql);
  return ds.Tables[0];
 }
 private static DataTable GetTableInfo(string tableName)
 {
  string sql = string.Format(@"SELECT (case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else null end) 表名, 
  a.colorder 字段序号,a.name 字段名,
  (case when COLUMNPROPERTY( a.id,a.name,&#39;IsIdentity&#39;)=1 then &#39;1&#39;else &#39;&#39; end) 标识, 
  (case when (SELECT count(*) FROM sysobjects 
  WHERE (name in (SELECT name FROM sysindexes 
  WHERE (id = a.id) AND (indid in 
  (SELECT indid FROM sysindexkeys 
  WHERE (id = a.id) AND (colid in 
  (SELECT colid FROM syscolumns WHERE (id = a.id) AND (name = a.name))))))) 
  AND (xtype = &#39;PK&#39;))>0 then &#39;1&#39; else &#39;&#39; end) 主键,b.name 类型,a.length 占用字节数, 
  COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,&#39;PRECISION&#39;) as 长度, 
  isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,&#39;Scale&#39;),0) as 小数位数,(case when a.isnullable=1 then &#39;1&#39;else &#39;&#39; end) 允许空, 
  REPLACE(REPLACE(isnull(e.text,&#39;&#39;),&#39;(&#39;,&#39;&#39;),&#39;)&#39;,&#39;&#39;) 默认值,isnull(g.[value], &#39; &#39;) AS [说明]
  FROM syscolumns a 
  left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype 
  inner join sysobjects d on a.id=d.id and d.xtype=&#39;U&#39; and d.name<>&#39;dtproperties&#39; 
  left join syscomments e on a.cdefault=e.id 
  left join sys.extended_properties g on a.id=g.major_id AND a.colid=g.minor_id
  left join sys.extended_properties f on d.id=f.class and f.minor_id=0
  where b.name is not null
  And d.name=&#39;{0}&#39; 
  order by a.id,a.colorder", tableName);
  DataSet ds = Query(sql);
  return ds.Tables[0];
 }

 public static DataSet Query(string SQLString)
 {
  using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(SqlServerConnectionString))
  {
  DataSet ds = new DataSet();
  try
  {
   connection.Open();
   SqlDataAdapter command = new SqlDataAdapter(SQLString, connection);
   command.Fill(ds, "ds");
  }
  catch (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException ex)
  {
   throw new Exception(ex.Message);
  }
  return ds;
  }
 }

 public static object GetSingle(string SQLString)
 {
  using (OracleConnection connection = new OracleConnection(OracleConnectionString))
  {
  using (OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand())
  {
   try
   {
   PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, null, SQLString, null);
   object obj = cmd.ExecuteScalar();
   cmd.Parameters.Clear();
   if ((Object.Equals(obj, null)) || (Object.Equals(obj, System.DBNull.Value)))
   {
    return null;
   }
   else
   {
    return obj;
   }
   }
   catch (OracleException e)
   {
   throw e;
   }
  }
  }
 }

 private static void PrepareCommand(OracleCommand cmd, OracleConnection conn, OracleTransaction trans, string cmdText, OracleParameter[] cmdParms)
 {
  if (conn.State != ConnectionState.Open)
  conn.Open();
  cmd.Connection = conn;
  cmd.CommandText = cmdText;
  if (trans != null)
  cmd.Transaction = trans;
  cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;//cmdType;
  if (cmdParms != null)
  {


  foreach (OracleParameter parameter in cmdParms)
  {
   if ((parameter.Direction == ParameterDirection.InputOutput || parameter.Direction == ParameterDirection.Input) &&
   (parameter.Value == null))
   {
   parameter.Value = DBNull.Value;
   }
   cmd.Parameters.Add(parameter);
  }
  }
 }

 public static object GetSingle(string SQLString, params SqlParameter[] cmdParms)
 {
  using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(SqlServerConnectionString))
  {
  using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand())
  {
   try
   {
   PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, null, SQLString, cmdParms);
   object obj = cmd.ExecuteScalar();
   cmd.Parameters.Clear();
   if ((Object.Equals(obj, null)) || (Object.Equals(obj, System.DBNull.Value)))
   {
    return null;
   }
   else
   {
    return obj;
   }
   }
   catch (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException e)
   {
   throw e;
   }
  }
  }
 }

 private static void PrepareCommand(SqlCommand cmd, SqlConnection conn, SqlTransaction trans, string cmdText, SqlParameter[] cmdParms)
 {
  if (conn.State != ConnectionState.Open)
  conn.Open();
  cmd.Connection = conn;
  cmd.CommandText = cmdText;
  if (trans != null)
  cmd.Transaction = trans;
  cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;//cmdType;
  if (cmdParms != null)
  {


  foreach (SqlParameter parameter in cmdParms)
  {
   if ((parameter.Direction == ParameterDirection.InputOutput || parameter.Direction == ParameterDirection.Input) &&
   (parameter.Value == null))
   {
   parameter.Value = DBNull.Value;
   }
   cmd.Parameters.Add(parameter);
  }
  }
 }
 }
}

這個程式碼適應我的資料庫轉換大家需要的話可以修改一下

其中oracle 沒有自增長的，，而是序列另外序列可以用觸發器觸發麻煩了一點整的來說還算好啦

然後就是把我原來的程式字串連結改成oracle 的連結上面貼出來了

首先

System.Data.SqlClient; 引用改成System.Data.OracleClient;

然後在看報錯的地方通通改掉就行了從Sql 改為Oracle 就行

然後我貼出一些不報錯但是sqlserver 和oracle 不同的地方

查詢前多少條資料

select * from (SELECT * FROM Table) where rownum<100

其他格式轉換成字串格式

#select to_char(其他格式,字串格式) 如

select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd') from dual

字串截取

#（截取的字串，開始的位置，長度）

select substr('111222',3,2) from dual

字串格式轉換為時間格式

select to_date('2017-08-03','yyyy-mm-dd') from dual

sql參數化佔位符，不能用@用:

SELECT * FROM Table where ID=:ID

系統時間

getdate()改成sysdate

取得目前自動增長列ID

select Seq_Table.currval from dual

Seq_Table是自動成長列的名字，每個表都不一樣，所以需要找到當前

表設定的自動增長列對應的名字

#都改完之後等程序不報錯了運行

#會出現32和64位的什麼破問題網上各種說法的都有說項目屬性中改成X86 X64

但是這些對我都不管用並且我覺得這些東西改了之後會對我原有的專案造成很多問題

所以我研究了很久最終得出幾個結果

首先如果是控制台或窗體程式的話直接把專案中首選32位勾上就行了

如果是asp.net 頁面程式就沒這麼簡單了

我本機是64位系統接著我安裝oracle 和客戶端都是64位元按道理不該給我報什麼64位錯啊

然後網上說要安裝32位Instant Client Setup

然後我就下了一個安裝了程式就可以了，

但是我在伺服器上面再次用同樣的方法又不行了，找了很多資料最終重新安裝了一下iis好了（其實是要重新註冊一遍framework）

安裝32位元的版本最好跟oracle 版本一樣

那時候我下了很多個版本調試有的時候安裝Instant Client Setup的時候會卡在一個點不動，可以多試幾次如果還是不行在重新找一個吧！

安裝完後在控制面板裡面可以找到的

另外貼出備份還原的指令用CMD開啟執行修改對應參數

Exp sa/123@ORCL file=C:\OracleBack\back_%date:~0,4%%date:~5,2%%date:~8,2%.dmp owner=sa

IMP sa/123 BUFFER=64000 FILE=C:\OracleBack\back_20170821.dmp FROMUSER=SA TOUSER=SA

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