Java取得客戶端IP位址和MAC位址的實例分享

本篇文章主要介紹了JAVA如何取得客戶端IP位址和MAC位址非常具有實用價值，這裡整理了詳細的程式碼，需要的朋友可以參考下

本文介紹了JAVA如何取得客戶端IP位址與MAC位址，分享給大家，如下：

1.取得客戶端IP位址

public String getIp(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
  String ip = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");
  if (ip != null) {
    if (!ip.isEmpty() && !"unKnown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
      int index = ip.indexOf(",");
      if (index != -1) {
        return ip.substring(0, index);
      } else {
        return ip;
      }
    }
  }
  ip = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");
  if (ip != null) {
    if (!ip.isEmpty() && !"unKnown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
      return ip;
    }
  }
  return request.getRemoteAddr();
}

為什麼不直接使用request.getRemoteAddr()；而要在之前判斷兩個請求頭"X-Forwarded-For"和"X-Real-IP"

X-Forwarded-For: client1, proxy1, proxy2, proxy3

其中的值透過一個逗號+空格把多個IP位址區分開, 最左邊(client1)是最原始客戶端的IP位址, 代理伺服器每成功收到一個請求，就把請求來源IP位址加到右邊。

所有我們只取第一個IP位址

X-Real-IP，一般只記錄真實發出請求的客戶端IP

解決用localhost存取ip為0 :0:0:0:0:0:0:1的問題

public String getIp(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
  String ip = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");
  if (ip != null) {
    if (!ip.isEmpty() && !"unKnown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
      int index = ip.indexOf(",");
      if (index != -1) {
        return ip.substring(0, index);
      } else {
        return ip;
      }
    }
  }
  ip = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");
  if (ip != null) {
    if (!ip.isEmpty() && !"unKnown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
      return ip;
    }
  }
  ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
  if (ip != null) {
    if (!ip.isEmpty() && !"unKnown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
      return ip;
    }
  }
  ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
  if (ip != null) {
    if (!ip.isEmpty() && !"unKnown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
      return ip;
    }
  }
  ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
  return ip.equals("0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1") ? "127.0.0.1" : ip;
}

2.取得客戶端MAC位址

UdpGetClientMacAddr umac = new UdpGetClientMacAddr(sip);
String smac = umac.GetRemoteMacAddr();

新增一個取得MAC的時間限制

final UdpGetClientMacAddr umac = new UdpGetClientMacAddr(sip);
//---长时间获取不到MAC地址则放弃
ExecutorService exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
Callable<String> call = new Callable<String>() {
  public String call() throws Exception {
    return umac.GetRemoteMacAddr();
  }
};
try {
  Future<String> future = exec.submit(call);
  String smac = future.get(1000 * 1, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
  loginMonitor.setMacAddress(smac);
} catch (TimeoutException ex) {
  loginMonitor.setMacAddress("获取失败");
  logger.info("获取MAC地址超时");
  ex.printStackTrace();
}
// 关闭线程池 
exec.shutdown();
//---

需要先取得IP位址作為參數建構一個UdpGetClientMacAddr

UdpGetClientMacAddr.java

package shmc.commonsys.security.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
 
/** 
 * 主机A向主机B发送“UDP－NetBIOS－NS”询问包，即向主机B的137端口，发Query包来询问主机B的NetBIOS Names信息。 
 * 其次，主机B接收到“UDP－NetBIOS－NS”询问包，假设主机B正确安装了NetBIOS服务........... 而且137端口开放，则主机B会向主机A发送一个“UDP－NetBIOS－NS”应答包，即发Answer包给主机A。 
 * 并利用UDP(NetBIOS Name Service)来快速获取远程主机MAC地址的方法 
 * 
 */ 
public class UdpGetClientMacAddr { 
  private String sRemoteAddr; 
  private int iRemotePort=137; 
  private byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; 
  private DatagramSocket ds=null; 
 
  public UdpGetClientMacAddr(String strAddr) throws Exception{ 
    sRemoteAddr = strAddr; 
    ds = new DatagramSocket(); 
  } 
 
  public final DatagramPacket send(final byte[] bytes) throws IOException { 
    DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(bytes,bytes.length,InetAddress.getByName(sRemoteAddr),iRemotePort); 
    ds.send(dp); 
    return dp; 
  } 
 
  public final DatagramPacket receive() throws Exception { 
    DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(buffer,buffer.length); 
    ds.receive(dp); 
    return dp; 
  } 
  public byte[] GetQueryCmd() throws Exception { 
    byte[] t_ns = new byte[50]; 
    t_ns[0] = 0x00; 
    t_ns[1] = 0x00; 
    t_ns[2] = 0x00; 
    t_ns[3] = 0x10; 
    t_ns[4] = 0x00; 
    t_ns[5] = 0x01; 
    t_ns[6] = 0x00; 
    t_ns[7] = 0x00; 
    t_ns[8] = 0x00; 
    t_ns[9] = 0x00; 
    t_ns[10] = 0x00; 
    t_ns[11] = 0x00; 
    t_ns[12] = 0x20; 
    t_ns[13] = 0x43; 
    t_ns[14] = 0x4B; 
 
    for(int i = 15; i < 45; i++){ 
      t_ns[i] = 0x41; 
    } 
    t_ns[45] = 0x00; 
    t_ns[46] = 0x00; 
    t_ns[47] = 0x21; 
    t_ns[48] = 0x00; 
    t_ns[49] = 0x01; 
    return t_ns; 
  } 
  public final String GetMacAddr(byte[] brevdata) throws Exception { 
    // 获取计算机名 
    int i = brevdata[56] * 18 + 56; 
    String sAddr=""; 
    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(17); 
    // 先从第56字节位置，读出Number Of Names（NetBIOS名字的个数，其中每个NetBIOS Names Info部分占18个字节） 
    // 然后可计算出“Unit ID”字段的位置＝56＋Number Of Names×18，最后从该位置起连续读取6个字节，就是目的主机的MAC地址。 
    for(int j = 1; j < 7;j++) 
    { 
      sAddr = Integer.toHexString(0xFF & brevdata[i+j]); 
      if(sAddr.length() < 2) 
      { 
        sb.append(0); 
      } 
      sb.append(sAddr.toUpperCase()); 
      if(j < 6) sb.append(&#39;:&#39;); 
    } 
    return sb.toString(); 
  } 
 
  public final void close() throws Exception { 
    ds.close(); 
  } 
 
  public final String GetRemoteMacAddr() throws Exception { 
    byte[] bqcmd = GetQueryCmd(); 
    send(bqcmd); 
    DatagramPacket dp = receive(); 
    String smac = GetMacAddr(dp.getData()); 
    close(); 
 
    return smac; 
  } 
   
  public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{ 
    UdpGetClientMacAddr umac=new UdpGetClientMacAddr("172.19.1.198"); 
    umac=new UdpGetClientMacAddr("192.168.16.83"); 
    System.out.println(umac.GetRemoteMacAddr()); 
  } 
}

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