透過使用node.js+captchapng+jsonwebtoken完成登入驗證
- 巴扎黑原創
- 2017-08-18 10:34:302238瀏覽
本篇文章主要介紹了node.js+captchapng+jsonwebtoken實現登入驗證範例，具有一定的參考價值，有興趣的可以了解一下
提到登入驗證，大家一定能想到的就是12306的驗證碼了吧。 12306為了防止刷票，可以說是煞費苦心，驗證碼也越來越難識別，最終即使是人也可能識別不了了。
今天，小編就跟大家說一下node如何實作圖片驗證碼，以及使用token驗證登入。學習本文你將學到：
1.使用captchapng產生圖片驗證碼
2.使用jsonwebtoken實現登入驗證
一、圖片驗證碼產生（最後有全部程式碼）。一下流程，第一步伺服器要隨機產生一組四位數。
第二步，將這四位數以canvas繪圖產生圖片。
第三步，我們要將這四位數存起來，以便使用者回傳資料時做比較。
那麼存到哪裡呢？很明顯為了區分用戶，存到session最穩。
第一步，先要有一個登入頁面。這裡我們還是用react,
login.tsx
import * as React from 'react'
import * as ReactDom from 'react-dom'
import {Link, browserHistory} from 'react-router';
import * as axios from 'axios';
export default class Login extends React.Component<any,any>{
constructor(props){
super(props)
this.state = {
userName : '',
password : '',
yzNoId : '',
hash : Math.random()
}
}
handleUserName(e) : any {
this.setState({
userName : e.target.value
})
}
handlePassword(e) : any {
this.setState({
password : e.target.value
})
}
handleYzId(e) : any {
this.setState({
yzNoId : e.target.value
})
}
render(){
const { userName, password, yzNoId } = this.state;
return(
<p>
<p className="nav-wrap">
<ul className="nav">
<li><Link to="/home">首页</Link></li>
<li><Link to="/imgLoad">上传</Link></li>
<li><Link to="/login">登陆</Link></li>
</ul>
</p>
<p className="content">
<p className="login-warp">
<p>
<input type="text" className="username" value={userName} onChange={this.handleUserName.bind(this)} placeholder="用户名"/>
</p>
<p>
<input type="text" className="password" value={password} onChange={this.handlePassword.bind(this)} placeholder="密码"/>
</p>
<p>
<input type="text" className="yz" value={yzNoId} onChange={this.handleYzId.bind(this)} placeholder="验证码"/>
<img src={"http://localhost:3000/captcha"} className="yz-img" />
</p>
<p>
<input type="button" className="submit" value="登陆" onClick={this.sbumit.bind(this,{userName:userName,password:password,captcha:yzNoId})} />
</p>
</p>
</p>
</p>
)
}
}頁面是這樣的
我們需要透過伺服器給一張驗證圖片。
router/index.js 加入以下程式碼
var Login = require('./controller/login');
var login = new Login;
router.get('/captcha', login.captcha);
router.post('/login',login.loginer);
login是定义在控制器的一个类的实例，captcha，loginer是它的方法。分别是返回验证图片、登录验证。
controller/login.js
var rf = require('fs');
var captchapng = require('captchapng');
class Login {
constructor(){}
captcha(req, res, next) {
var str = parseInt(Math.random()*9000+1000); //随机生成数字
req.session.captcha = str; // 存入session
var p = new captchapng(80, 30, str); //生成图片
p.color(0, 0, 0, 0);
p.color(80, 80, 80, 255);
var img = p.getBase64();
var imgbase64 = new Buffer(img, 'base64');
res.writeHead(200, {
'Content-Type': 'image/png'
});
res.end(imgbase64);
}
loginer(req, res, next) {
let captcha = req.body.captcha;
let userName = req.body.userName;
let password = req.body.password;
if (captcha != req.session.captcha) {
res.status(400).send({
message: '验证码错误'
});
}else if(userName == "chenxuehui" && password == "123321"){
res.json({"code":100,"verson":true,"msg":"登陆成功","token":token});
}else{
res.json({"code":0,"verson":false,"msg":"密码错误"});
}
}
}
module.exports = Logincaptcha方法是產生一張含四位數字的圖片，然後將圖片儲存到session中。
將此方法在 router/index.js 中引用
router.get('/captcha', login.captcha);
也就是說我們訪問localhost:3000/captcha就會回傳一張圖片。
有了這個連接後我們就可以透過圖片的src屬性拿到該圖片，但是當點擊圖片的時候要重新刷新，所以我們需要給圖片添加一個點擊刷新事件。將下面程式碼插入login.tsx中
setHash() {
this.setState({
hash : Math.random()
})
}img標籤也變成了
複製代碼
這樣只要點選img，就會隨機產生一個hash，然後就會呼叫新的圖片出來。
Json Web Token就是專門解決這個問題的，原理就不做詳解了，其實就是按照一定的方式得到一個字符串，然後在通過某種方式解開。
我們要做的第一步就是用戶每次要求資料的時候要在header裡把token帶上。
第一步：還是controller/login.js
import * as React from 'react'
import * as ReactDom from 'react-dom'
import {Link, browserHistory} from 'react-router';
import * as axios from 'axios';
export default class Login extends React.Component<any,any>{
constructor(props){
super(props)
this.state = {
userName : '',
password : '',
yzNoId : '',
hash : Math.random()
}
}
public async sbumit(params : any) : Promise<any>{
let res = await axios.post('http://localhost:3000/login',params);
}
handleUserName(e) : any {
this.setState({
userName : e.target.value
})
}
handlePassword(e) : any {
this.setState({
password : e.target.value
})
}
handleYzId(e) : any {
this.setState({
yzNoId : e.target.value
})
}
setHash() {
this.setState({
hash : Math.random()
})
}
render(){
const { userName, password, yzNoId } = this.state;
return(
<p>
<p className="nav-wrap">
<ul className="nav">
<li><Link to="/home">首页</Link></li>
<li><Link to="/imgLoad">上传</Link></li>
<li><Link to="/login">登陆</Link></li>
</ul>
</p>
<p className="content">
<p className="login-warp">
<p>
<input type="text" className="username" value={userName} onChange={this.handleUserName.bind(this)} placeholder="用户名"/>
</p>
<p>
<input type="text" className="password" value={password} onChange={this.handlePassword.bind(this)} placeholder="密码"/>
</p>
<p>
<input type="text" className="yz" value={yzNoId} onChange={this.handleYzId.bind(this)} placeholder="验证码"/>
<img src={"http://localhost:3000/captcha?aaa="+this.state.hash} className="yz-img" onClick={this.setHash.bind(this)} />
</p>
<p>
<input type="button" className="submit" value="登陆" onClick={this.sbumit.bind(this,{userName:userName,password:password,captcha:yzNoId})} />
</p>
</p>
</p>
</p>
)
}
}這次在loginer方法裡面我們加入設定token，並回傳給使用者。 setToken方法是設定token的方法。 第二步：用戶拿到後儲存。
var rf = require('fs');
var jwt = require('jsonwebtoken');
var captchapng = require('captchapng');
var Tokens = require('../middleware/token')
var t = new Tokens;
class Login {
constructor(){}
captcha(req, res, next) {
var str = parseInt(Math.random()*9000+1000); //随机生成数字
req.session.captcha = str; // 存入session
var p = new captchapng(80, 30, str); //生成图片
p.color(0, 0, 0, 0);
p.color(80, 80, 80, 255);
var img = p.getBase64();
var imgbase64 = new Buffer(img, 'base64');
res.writeHead(200, {
'Content-Type': 'image/png'
});
res.end(imgbase64);
}
loginer(req, res, next) {
let captcha = req.body.captcha;
let userName = req.body.userName;
let password = req.body.password;
if (captcha != req.session.captcha) {
res.status(400).send({
message: '验证码错误'
});
}else if(userName == "chenxuehui" && password == "123321"){
// 设置token
var datas = {userName:"chenxuehui"}
//调用../middleware/token 下方法设置
var token = t.setToken('cxh',300,datas)
res.json({"code":100,"verson":true,"msg":"登陆成功","token":token});
}else{
res.json({"code":0,"verson":false,"msg":"密码错误"});
}
}
}
module.exports = Login在sbumit方法裡我們將token放到了sessonstorage裡面。 第三步：設定中間件每次請求介面時，驗證token,如果解析成功加入到請求頭裡面。
import * as React from 'react'
import * as ReactDom from 'react-dom'
import {Link, browserHistory} from 'react-router';
import * as axios from 'axios';
export default class Login extends React.Component<any,any>{
constructor(props){
super(props)
this.state = {
userName : '',
password : '',
yzNoId : '',
hash : Math.random()
}
}
public async sbumit(params : any) : Promise<any>{
let res = await axios.post('http://localhost:3000/login',params);
if(res.data.verson){
sessionStorage.setItem('token',res.data.token);
browserHistory.push("/home")
}
}
handleUserName(e) : any {
this.setState({
userName : e.target.value
})
}
handlePassword(e) : any {
this.setState({
password : e.target.value
})
}
handleYzId(e) : any {
this.setState({
yzNoId : e.target.value
})
}
setHash() {
this.setState({
hash : Math.random()
})
}
render(){
const { userName, password, yzNoId } = this.state;
return(
<p>
<p className="nav-wrap">
<ul className="nav">
<li><Link to="/home">首页</Link></li>
<li><Link to="/imgLoad">上传</Link></li>
<li><Link to="/login">登陆</Link></li>
</ul>
</p>
<p className="content">
<p className="login-warp">
<p>
<input type="text" className="username" value={userName} onChange={this.handleUserName.bind(this)} placeholder="用户名"/>
</p>
<p>
<input type="text" className="password" value={password} onChange={this.handlePassword.bind(this)} placeholder="密码"/>
</p>
<p>
<input type="text" className="yz" value={yzNoId} onChange={this.handleYzId.bind(this)} placeholder="验证码"/>
<img src={"http://localhost:3000/captcha?aaa="+this.state.hash} className="yz-img" onClick={this.setHash.bind(this)} />
</p>
<p>
<input type="button" className="submit" value="登陆" onClick={this.sbumit.bind(this,{userName:userName,password:password,captcha:yzNoId})} />
</p>
</p>
</p>
</p>
)
}
}testToken方法是驗證token，setToken是設定token方法 假如沒有登入要求是這樣的
在 router/index.js
var express = require('express');
var router = express.Router();
var rf = require('fs');
var Login = require('./controller/login');
var Tokens = require('./middleware/token')
var t = new Tokens;
var login = new Login;
//主页
router.get('/', function(req, res, next) {
res.render("wap/index")
});
//获取图片验证码
router.get('/captcha', login.captcha);
//登录验证
router.post('/login',login.loginer);
//请求数据时 t.testToken 验证token
router.post('/list',t.testToken,function(req, res, next){
res.json({
//在请求信息里面拿到数据
username : req.userInfo.userName,
success : true,
result : [
{
name:'1111111'
},
{
name :'22222'
}
]
})
})
module.exports = router;我们在另一个页面调用list接口试一下
import * as axios from 'axios';
import { transToken } from '../decorator/index'
class Home extends React.Component<any,any>{
constructor(props){
super(props)
this.state = {
data : ''
}
}
async getList(): Promise<any>{
let token = sessionStorage.getItem('token');
const config = {
// 请求头信息
headers: {'x-access-token': token}
}
let res = await axios.post('http://localhost:3000/list',{},config);
if(!res.data.success){
browserHistory.push('/login');
return;
}
this.setState({
data : res.data
})
}
render(){
const { data } = this.state;
return(
<p>
<p className="nav-wrap">
<ul className="nav">
<li><Link to="/home">首页</Link></li>
<li><Link to="/imgLoad">上传</Link></li>
<li><Link to="/login">登陆</Link></li>
</ul>
</p>
<p className="content">
Home
<span onClick={this.getList.bind(this)}>获取数据</span>
<p>{
data ? data.result.map( (val,k) => {
return <li key = {k}>{val.name}</li>
}) : null
}</p>
</p>
</p>
)
}
}
export default Home当调用getList时，如果此时没有登录res.data.success就会为false，则跳到登录页。
全部代码
node.js
app.js
var express = require('express');
var path = require('path');
var favicon = require('serve-favicon');
var logger = require('morgan');
var cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');
var bodyParser = require('body-parser');
var session = require("express-session");
var ejs = require('ejs');
var index = require('./routes/index');
var app = express();
// view engine setup
app.set('views', path.join(__dirname, 'views'));
// app.set('view engine', 'jade');
app.engine('html', ejs.__express);
app.set('view engine', 'html');
app.use(session({
secret:"dabao",
resave:false,
saveUninitialized:true,
cookie:{}
}));
// uncomment after placing your favicon in /public
//app.use(favicon(path.join(__dirname, 'public', 'favicon.ico')));
app.use(logger('dev'));
app.use(bodyParser.json());
app.use(bodyParser({limit: 5000000}));
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }));
app.use(cookieParser());
app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, '')));
app.use('/', index);
// catch 404 and forward to error handler
app.use(function(req, res, next) {
var err = new Error('Not Found');
err.status = 404;
next(err);
});
// error handler
app.use(function(err, req, res, next) {
// set locals, only providing error in development
res.locals.message = err.message;
res.locals.error = req.app.get('env') === 'development' ? err : {};
// render the error page
res.status(err.status || 500);
res.render('error');
});
module.exports = app;index.js
var express = require('express');
var router = express.Router();
var rf = require('fs');
var Login = require('./controller/login');
var Tokens = require('./middleware/token')
var t = new Tokens;
var login = new Login;
/* GET home page. */
router.get('/', function(req, res, next) {
res.render("wap/index")
});
router.post('/upLoadImg',function(req,res,next){
let imgData = req.body.imgData;
console.log(imgData)
let base64Data = imgData.replace(/^data:image\/\w+;base64,/, "");
let dataBuffer = new Buffer(base64Data, 'base64');
let timer = Number( new Date() );
console.log(timer)
rf.writeFile("views/images/artCover"+timer+".png",dataBuffer, function(err) {
if(err) {
res.json({"code":400,"verson":false,"msg":err});
}else {
res.json({"code":100,"verson":true,"url":"views/src/common/images/artCover/"+timer+".png"});
}
});
})
router.get('/captcha', login.captcha);
router.post('/login',login.loginer);
router.post('/list',t.testToken,function(req, res, next){
// 先解析token
console.log(req.userInfo)
res.json({
username : req.userInfo.userName,
success : true,
result : [
{
name:'1111111'
},
{
name :'22222'
}
]
})
})
module.exports = router;controller/login.js
var rf = require('fs');
var jwt = require('jsonwebtoken');
var captchapng = require('captchapng');
var Tokens = require('../middleware/token')
var t = new Tokens;
class Login {
constructor(){}
captcha(req, res, next) {
var str = parseInt(Math.random()*9000+1000); //随机生成数字
req.session.captcha = str; // 存入session
var p = new captchapng(80, 30, str); //生成图片
p.color(0, 0, 0, 0);
p.color(80, 80, 80, 255);
var img = p.getBase64();
var imgbase64 = new Buffer(img, 'base64');
res.writeHead(200, {
'Content-Type': 'image/png'
});
res.end(imgbase64);
}
loginer(req, res, next) {
let captcha = req.body.captcha;
let userName = req.body.userName;
let password = req.body.password;
if (captcha != req.session.captcha) {
res.status(400).send({
message: '验证码错误'
});
}else if(userName == "chenxuehui" && password == "123321"){
// 设置token
var datas = {userName:"chenxuehui"}
var token = t.setToken('cxh',300,datas)
res.json({"code":100,"verson":true,"msg":"登陆成功","token":token});
}else{
res.json({"code":0,"verson":false,"msg":"密码错误"});
}
}
}
module.exports = Loginmiddleware/token.js
var jwt = require('jsonwebtoken');
class Tokens {
constructor(){}
testToken(req,res,next) {
var token = req.body.token || req.query.token || req.headers['x-access-token'];
if(token) {
jwt.verify(token, 'cxh' , function(err,decoded) {
if(err) {
return res.json({success:false,msg:'token错误'})
}else {
req.userInfo = decoded;
next()
}
})
}else {
return res.status(403).send({success:false,msg:"没有token"})
}
}
setToken(name,time,data) {
var jwtSecret = name;
var token = jwt.sign(data, jwtSecret, {
expiresIn: time
})
return token;
}
}
module.exports = Tokensreact部分
login.tsx
import * as React from 'react'
import * as ReactDom from 'react-dom'
import {Link, browserHistory} from 'react-router';
import * as axios from 'axios';
export default class Login extends React.Component<any,any>{
constructor(props){
super(props)
this.state = {
userName : '',
password : '',
yzNoId : '',
hash : Math.random()
}
}
public async sbumit(params : any) : Promise<any>{
let res = await axios.post('http://localhost:3000/login',params);
if(res.data.verson){
sessionStorage.setItem('token',res.data.token);
browserHistory.push("/home")
}
}
handleUserName(e) : any {
this.setState({
userName : e.target.value
})
}
handlePassword(e) : any {
this.setState({
password : e.target.value
})
}
handleYzId(e) : any {
this.setState({
yzNoId : e.target.value
})
}
setHash() {
this.setState({
hash : Math.random()
})
}
render(){
const { userName, password, yzNoId } = this.state;
return(
<p>
<p className="nav-wrap">
<ul className="nav">
<li><Link to="/home">首页</Link></li>
<li><Link to="/imgLoad">上传</Link></li>
<li><Link to="/login">登陆</Link></li>
</ul>
</p>
<p className="content">
<p className="login-warp">
<p>
<input type="text" className="username" value={userName} onChange={this.handleUserName.bind(this)} placeholder="用户名"/>
</p>
<p>
<input type="text" className="password" value={password} onChange={this.handlePassword.bind(this)} placeholder="密码"/>
</p>
<p>
<input type="text" className="yz" value={yzNoId} onChange={this.handleYzId.bind(this)} placeholder="验证码"/>
<img src={"http://localhost:3000/captcha?aaa="+this.state.hash} className="yz-img" onClick={this.setHash.bind(this)} />
</p>
<p>
<input type="button" className="submit" value="登陆" onClick={this.sbumit.bind(this,{userName:userName,password:password,captcha:yzNoId})} />
</p>
</p>
</p>
</p>
)
}
}home.js 获取列表信息
import * as React from 'react'
import * as ReactDom from 'react-dom'
import {Link, browserHistory} from 'react-router';
import * as axios from 'axios';
class Home extends React.Component<any,any>{
constructor(props){
super(props)
this.state = {
data : ''
}
}
async getList(): Promise<any>{
let token = sessionStorage.getItem('token');
const config = {
// 请求头信息
headers: {'x-access-token': token}
}
let res = await axios.post('http://localhost:3000/list',{},config);
if(!res.data.success){
browserHistory.push('/login');
return;
}
this.setState({
data : res.data
})
}
render(){
const { data } = this.state;
return(
<p>
<p className="nav-wrap">
<ul className="nav">
<li><Link to="/home">首页</Link></li>
<li><Link to="/imgLoad">上传</Link></li>
<li><Link to="/login">登陆</Link></li>
</ul>
</p>
<p className="content">
Home
<span onClick={this.getList.bind(this)}>获取数据</span>
<p>{
data ? data.result.map( (val,k) => {
return <li key = {k}>{val.name}</li>
}) : null
}</p>
</p>
</p>
)
}
}
export default Home以上是透過使用node.js+captchapng+jsonwebtoken完成登入驗證的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章！
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