accp8.0轉換教材第11章Ajax交互擴展理解與練習

 

①雜記：前面有原始生態JavaScript實作ajax這裡又多了更簡單的方法實作ajax

#②$.get()方法的常用參數

參數	類型	說明
url	String	必選，規定發送地址
data	PlainObject或String	可選，規定請求發送的資料
success	Function(PlainObject data, #String textStatus,jqXHR jqxhr)	可選，成功後呼叫的函數 參數data:可選伺服器回傳結果 參數textStatus：可選描述請求狀態 參數jqxhr：可選是XMLHttpRequest的超集 （如果指定dataType這個必選）
dataType	String	可選：預期伺服器傳回的資料類型

③$.post()方法的常用參數同上

一.單字部分（JSON常用單字）

1.load 載入  2.serialize序列化  3.contains  包含  4.feature 特徵 

5.quote  引用  6.skip 跳  7.transient 短暫的     8.pretty 相當

9.prototype 原型  10.conflict 衝突

#二.關於JSON一些常見問題

1.jQuery實作Ajax的主要方法

①原生態實作

②$.get()和$.post()方法

③$.getJSON()方法

④.load()

2.jQuery解析表單資料

jQuery的.serializeArray()方法會從一組表單元素中偵測有效控制項：

①元素不能被停用

②元素必須有name屬性

③選取的checkbox才是有效的

④選取的radio才是有效的

⑤只有觸發提交事件的submit按鈕才是有效的

⑥file元素不會被序列化

3.jQuery與其它3

三.實作Ajax

1.使用$.get()方法實作非同步驗證註冊郵箱

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #000000">$(function(){
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span>         $(<span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #800000">#email</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #000000">).blur(function(){
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 3</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">var</span> email=$(<span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #800000">#email</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #000000">).val();
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">if</span>(email==<span style="color: #0000ff">null</span> || email==<span style="color: #800000">""</span><span style="color: #000000">){
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 5</span>         $(<span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #800000">#samp</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span>).html(<span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #800000">邮箱不能为空！</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #000000">        }
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">else</span><span style="color: #000000">{
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 8</span>         $.<span style="color: #0000ff">get</span>(<span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #800000">userServlet</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span>,<span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #800000">email=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span>+<span style="color: #000000">email,callBack);
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #000000">        function callBack(data){
</span><span style="color: #008080">10</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">if</span>(data==<span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #800000">true</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #000000">){
</span><span style="color: #008080">11</span>          $(<span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #800000">#samp</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span>).html(<span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #800000">邮箱已被注册！</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #000000">        }
</span><span style="color: #008080">13</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">else</span><span style="color: #000000">{
</span><span style="color: #008080">14</span>          $(<span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #800000">#samp</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span>).html(<span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #800000">邮箱可注册！</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #000000">        }
</span><span style="color: #008080">16</span> <span style="color: #000000">        }
</span><span style="color: #008080">17</span> <span style="color: #000000">        }
</span><span style="color: #008080">18</span> <span style="color: #000000">        });  
</span><span style="color: #008080">19</span>         
<span style="color: #008080">20</span>    });

 2.使用$.getJSON()方法載入管理員頁面主題清單

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> $.getJSON("userServlet","por=top"<span style="color: #000000">,callTopics);
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span>     
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span>     <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span><span style="color: #000000"> callTopics(top){
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span>         
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">var</span> $userul=$("#userul"<span style="color: #000000">).empty();
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 6</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">for</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff">var</span> i=0;i<<span style="color: #000000">top.length;){
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>             <span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">alert("ddd");</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #000000">            $userul.append(
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span>                     "<li>"+top[i].topics+"  <a href=''>修改</a>  <a href=''>删除</a></li>"
<span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #000000">                    );
</span><span style="color: #008080">11</span>             i++<span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #008080">12</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">if</span>(i==<span style="color: #000000">top.length){
</span><span style="color: #008080">13</span>                 
<span style="color: #008080">14</span>                 <span style="color: #0000ff">break</span><span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #000000">            }
</span><span style="color: #008080">16</span> <span style="color: #000000">        }
</span><span style="color: #008080">17</span>     }

3.在Ajax中直接傳回HTML內容產生主題管理頁面

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #000000">$.ajax({
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span>     "url":"userServlet"<span style="color: #000000">,
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 3</span>     "type":"GET"<span style="color: #000000">,
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span>     "data":"por=top1"<span style="color: #000000">,
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 5</span>     "dataType":"html"<span style="color: #000000">,
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 6</span>     "success"<span style="color: #000000">:callTopics
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #000000">});
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 8</span>         <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span><span style="color: #000000"> callTopics(data){
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span>             $("#userul"<span style="color: #000000">).html(data);
</span><span style="color: #008080">10</span>         }

4.使用.load()方法為管理員頁面載入伺服器產生的主題清單

$("#userul").load("userServlet","por=top1");

5.使用Ajax實作無刷新的新聞評論功能

<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">if</span>(por.equals("addCom"<span style="color: #000000">)){
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span>             <span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">上机5添加评论</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span>             comment com=<span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> comment();
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span>             commentdao comdao=<span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> commentimpl();
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 5</span>             String name=request.getParameter("cauthor1"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 6</span>             String ip=request.getParameter("cip"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>             String content=request.getParameter("ccontent"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 8</span>             String ctime="2017-7-4"<span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span>             <span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">time.toString();</span>
<span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #000000">            com.setCname(name);
</span><span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #000000">            com.setCcontent(content);
</span><span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #000000">            com.setCip(ip);
</span><span style="color: #008080">13</span> <span style="color: #000000">            com.setCtime(ctime);
</span><span style="color: #008080">14</span>             <span style="color: #0000ff">int</span> re=<span style="color: #000000">comdao.addcomment(com);
</span><span style="color: #008080">15</span>             String result=""<span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #008080">16</span>             <span style="color: #0000ff">if</span>(re>0<span style="color: #000000">){
</span><span style="color: #008080">17</span>                 result="success"<span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #008080">18</span>             }<span style="color: #0000ff">else</span><span style="color: #000000"> {
</span><span style="color: #008080">19</span>                 result="添加失败！"<span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #008080">20</span> <span style="color: #000000">            }
</span><span style="color: #008080">21</span>         
<span style="color: #008080">22</span>             
<span style="color: #008080">23</span>             response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">24</span>             PrintWriter out=<span style="color: #000000">response.getWriter();
</span><span style="color: #008080">25</span>             out.print("[{\"result\":\""+result+"\",\"ctime\":\""+ctime+"\"}]"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">26</span> <span style="color: #000000">            out.flush();
</span><span style="color: #008080">27</span> <span style="color: #000000">            out.close();
</span><span style="color: #008080">28</span>             
<span style="color: #008080">29</span>         }

 

 6.使用FastJSON改造管理員頁面載入主題清單

    topdao nd=<span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> topimpl();
            List</span><top> listtop=<span style="color: #000000">nd.alltop();
            String titleJson</span>=JSON.toJSONStringWithDateFormat(listtop,"yyyy-MM--dd HH:mm:ss");

四.加深理解

透過FastJSON的相關API可以簡化伺服器端產生的JSON字串程式碼

$.parseJSON()方法用來將JSON格式字串解析為JSON物件

 

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