前端在處理含有大量資料提交的表單時,除了使用Form直接提交刷新頁面之外,經常碰到的需求是收集表單資訊成資料對象,Ajax提交。
而在處理複雜的表單時,需要一個區手動判斷處理欄位值,顯得非常麻煩。接下來介紹的插件將解決這個問題。
使用jquery.serializeJSON
,可以在基於jQuery或Zepto的頁面中,呼叫 .serializeJSON()
方法來序列化form表單的資料成JS物件。
只需要在jQuery或Zepto時候引入即可
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.js?1.1.10"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.serializejson.js?1.1.10"></script>
HTML form
(支援
input、
textarea
<form id="my-profile"> <!-- simple attribute --> <input type="text" name="fullName" value="Mario Izquierdo" /> <!-- nested attributes --> <input type="text" name="address[city]" value="San Francisco" /> <input type="text" name="address[state][name]" value="California" /> <input type="text" name="address[state][abbr]" value="CA" /> <!-- array --> <input type="text" name="jobbies[]" value="code" /> <input type="text" name="jobbies[]" value="climbing" /> <!-- textareas, checkboxes ... --> <textarea name="projects[0][name]">serializeJSON</textarea> <textarea name="projects[0][language]">javascript</textarea> <input type="hidden" name="projects[0][popular]" value="0" /> <input type="checkbox" name="projects[0][popular]" value="1" checked /> <textarea name="projects[1][name]">tinytest.js</textarea> <textarea name="projects[1][language]">javascript</textarea> <input type="hidden" name="projects[1][popular]" value="0" /> <input type="checkbox" name="projects[1][popular]" value="1"/> <!-- select --> <select name="selectOne"> <option value="paper">Paper</option> <option value="rock" selected>Rock</option> <option value="scissors">Scissors</option> </select> <!-- select multiple options, just name it as an array[] --> <select multiple name="selectMultiple[]"> <option value="red" selected>Red</option> <option value="blue" selected>Blue</option> <option value="yellow">Yellow</option> </select> </form>
$('#my-profile').serializeJSON(); // returns =>{ fullName: "Mario Izquierdo", address: { city: "San Francisco", state: { name: "California", abbr: "CA"} }, jobbies: ["code", "climbing"], projects: {'0': { name: "serializeJSON", language: "javascript", popular: "1" },'1': { name: "tinytest.js?1.1.10", language: "javascript", popular: "0" } }, selectOne: "rock", selectMultiple: ["red", "blue"] }
var jsonString = JSON.stringify(obj);
#指定資料型別
取得到的屬性值一般是字串,可以透過HTML指定型別: type 進行強制轉換。
<form> <input type="text" name="notype" value="default type is :string"/> <input type="text" name="string:string" value=":string type overrides parsing options"/> <input type="text" name="excluded:skip" value="Use :skip to not include this field in the result"/> <input type="text" name="number[1]:number" value="1"/> <input type="text" name="number[1.1]:number" value="1.1"/> <input type="text" name="number[other stuff]:number" value="other stuff"/> <input type="text" name="boolean[true]:boolean" value="true"/> <input type="text" name="boolean[false]:boolean" value="false"/> <input type="text" name="boolean[0]:boolean" value="0"/> <input type="text" name="null[null]:null" value="null"/> <input type="text" name="null[other stuff]:null" value="other stuff"/> <input type="text" name="auto[string]:auto" value="text with stuff"/> <input type="text" name="auto[0]:auto" value="0"/> <input type="text" name="auto[1]:auto" value="1"/> <input type="text" name="auto[true]:auto" value="true"/> <input type="text" name="auto[false]:auto" value="false"/> <input type="text" name="auto[null]:auto" value="null"/> <input type="text" name="auto[list]:auto" value="[1, 2, 3]"/> <input type="text" name="array[empty]:array" value="[]"/> <input type="text" name="array[list]:array" value="[1, 2, 3]"/> <input type="text" name="object[empty]:object" value="{}"/> <input type="text" name="object[dict]:object" value='{"my": "stuff"}'/> </form>
$('form').serializeJSON(); // returns =>{"notype": "default type is :string","string": ":string type overrides parsing options",// :skip type removes the field from the output"number": {"1": 1,"1.1": 1.1,"other stuff": NaN, // <-- Other stuff parses as NaN (Not a Number) },"boolean": {"true": true,"false": false,"0": false, // <-- "false", "null", "undefined", "", "0" parse as false },"null": {"null": null, // <-- "false", "null", "undefined", "", "0" parse as null"other stuff": "other stuff"},"auto": { // works as the parseAll option"string": "text with stuff","0": 0, // <-- parsed as number"1": 1, // <-- parsed as number"true": true, // <-- parsed as boolean"false": false, // <-- parsed as boolean"null": null, // <-- parsed as null"list": "[1, 2, 3]" // <-- array and object types are not auto-parsed },"array": { // <-- works using JSON.parse"empty": [],"not empty": [1,2,3] },"object": { // <-- works using JSON.parse"empty": {},"not empty": {"my": "stuff"} } }
資料類型也可以指定在
data-value-type標記。
<form> <input type="text" name="number[1]" data-value-type="number" value="1"/> <input type="text" name="number[1.1]" data-value-type="number" value="1.1"/> <input type="text" name="boolean[true]" data-value-type="boolean" value="true"/> <input type="text" name="null[null]" data-value-type="null" value="null"/> <input type="text" name="auto[string]" data-value-type="auto" value="0"/> </form>
預設設定
未選取的
checkboxes
disabled
的写法 释义 checkboxUncheckedValue: string 针对未勾选的checkboxes,设定值 parseBooleans: true 自动检测转换”true”、”false”为布尔值true、false parseNumbers: true 自动检测转换”1″、”33.33″、”-44″为数字1、33.33、-44 parseNulls: true 自动检测字符串”null”为null parseAll: true 自动检测转换以上类型的字符串 parseWithFunction: function 自定义转换函数 function(value, name){return parsedValue}customTypes: {} 自定义:types覆盖默认types,如{type: function(value){…}} defaultTypes: {defaultTypes} 重新定义所有的:types,如{type: function(value){…}} useIntKeysAsArrayIndex: true 当keys为整数时,将序列化为数组###### # ######## 包含未勾選的checkboxes######serializeJSON 支援 ###checkboxUncheckedValue### 配置,或可在###checkboxes###新增 ###data-unchecked-value ### 屬性。 ######預設方法:######### #########
<form> <input type="checkbox" name="check1" value="true" checked/> <input type="checkbox" name="check2" value="true"/> <input type="checkbox" name="check3" value="true"/> </form>######
$('form').serializeJSON(); // returns =>{'check1': 'true'} // Note that check2 and check3 are not included because they are not checked###### ########## ###上面的寫法會忽略未勾選的複選框。如果需要包含,則可以使用下列方法:######1. 設定###checkboxUncheckedValue############ #########
$('form').serializeJSON({checkboxUncheckedValue: "false"}); // returns =>{'check1': 'true', check2: 'false', check3: 'false'}##### # ############2. 新增###data-unchecked-value###屬性######### ###
<form id="checkboxes"> <input type="checkbox" name="checked[bool]" value="true" data-unchecked-value="false" checked/> <input type="checkbox" name="checked[bin]" value="1" data-unchecked-value="0" checked/> <input type="checkbox" name="checked[cool]" value="YUP" checked/> <input type="checkbox" name="unchecked[bool]" value="true" data-unchecked-value="false" /> <input type="checkbox" name="unchecked[bin]" value="1" data-unchecked-value="0" /> <input type="checkbox" name="unchecked[cool]" value="YUP" /> <!-- No unchecked value specified --> </form>#######
$('form#checkboxes').serializeJSON(); // Note no option is used // returns =>{ 'checked': {'bool': 'true','bin': '1','cool': 'YUP' }, 'unchecked': {'bool': 'false','bin': '0'// Note that unchecked cool does not appear, because it doesn't use data-unchecked-value } }## #### ############自動偵測轉換類型######預設的型別為字串 ###:string### ,可以透過設定轉換為其它型別## ####### ###
$('form').serializeJSON({parseNulls: true, parseNumbers: true}); // returns =>{ "bool": {"true": "true", // booleans are still strings, because parseBooleans was not set"false": "false", } "number": {"0": 0, // numbers are parsed because parseNumbers: true"1": 1,"2.2": 2.2,"-2.25": -2.25, } "null": null, // "null" strings are converted to null becase parseNulls: true "string": "text is always string", "empty": ""}###### ##########
在极少数情况下,可以使用自定义转换函数
var emptyStringsAndZerosToNulls = function(val, inputName) { if (val === "") return null; // parse empty strings as nulls if (val === 0) return null; // parse 0 as null return val; } $('form').serializeJSON({parseWithFunction: emptyStringsAndZerosToNulls, parseNumbers: true}); // returns =>{ "bool": {"true": "true","false": "false", } "number": {"0": null, // <-- parsed with custom function"1": 1,"2.2": 2.2,"-2.25": -2.25, } "null": "null", "string": "text is always string", "empty": null // <-- parsed with custom function}
可以使用 customTypes
配置自定义类型或者覆盖默认类型($.serializeJSON.defaultOptions.defaultTypes
)
<form> <input type="text" name="scary:alwaysBoo" value="not boo"/> <input type="text" name="str:string" value="str"/> <input type="text" name="number:number" value="5"/> </form>
$('form').serializeJSON({ customTypes: { alwaysBoo: function(str) { // value is always a string return "boo"; }, string: function(str) { // all strings will now end with " override" return str + " override"; } } }); // returns =>{ "scary": "boo", // <-- parsed with type :alwaysBoo "str": "str override", // <-- parsed with new type :string (instead of the default) "number": 5, // <-- the default :number still works}
// Select only imputs that have a non-empty value$('form :input[value!=""]').serializeJSON(); // Or filter them from the formobj = $('form').find('input').not('[value=""]').serializeJSON(); // For more complicated filtering, you can use a functionobj = $form.find(':input').filter(function () { return $.trim(this.value).length > 0 }).serializeJSON();
使用useIntKeyAsArrayIndex
配置
<form> <input type="text" name="arr[0]" value="foo"/> <input type="text" name="arr[1]" value="var"/> <input type="text" name="arr[5]" value="inn"/> </form>
按照默认的方法,结果为:
$('form').serializeJSON(); // returns =>{'arr': {'0': 'foo', '1': 'var', '5': 'inn' }}
使用useIntKeyAsArrayIndex
可以将记过转换为数组并制定顺序
$('form').serializeJSON({useIntKeysAsArrayIndex: true}); // returns =>{'arr': ['foo', 'var', undefined, undefined, undefined, 'inn']}
所有的默认配置均定义在 $.serializeJSON.defaultOptions
,可以进行修改。
$.serializeJSON.defaultOptions.parseAll = true; // parse booleans, numbers and nulls by default $('form').serializeJSON(); // No options => then use $.serializeJSON.defaultOptions // returns =>{ "bool": {"true": true,"false": false, } "number": {"0": 0,"1": 1,"2.2": 2.2,"-2.25": -2.25, } "null": null, "string": "text is always string", "empty": ""}
这个插件支持的配置非常丰富,自定义程度很高,带来很大的便捷性。
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