分享用Python寫個自動ssh登入遠端伺服器的實例

很多時候我們喜歡在自己電腦的終端直接ssh連接Linux伺服器，而不喜歡使用那些有UI介面的工具區連接我們的伺服器。但在終端機上使用ssh我們每次都需要輸入帳號和密碼，這也是一個煩惱，所以我們可以簡單的打造一個在Linux/Mac os運行的自動ssh登入遠端伺服器的小工具.
來個GIF動畫範例下先：

概述

我們先理一下我們需要些什麼功能：

1. 添加/删除连接服务器需要的IP，端口，密码2. 自动输入密码登录远程服务器

對，我們就做這麼簡單的功能

開始寫程式碼
程式碼比較長，所以我也放在在Github和碼雲，地址在文章最底部:
1.我們建個模組目錄osnssh(Open source noob ssh)，然後在下面再建兩個目錄，一個用來放主程式取名叫bin吧，一個用來保存登入資料(IP, 端口，密碼)叫data吧。

-osnssh
    -bin
    -data

1.設定程式：新增/刪除IP，端口，密碼.建立py檔案bin/setting.py:

#!/usr/bin/env python#-*-coding:utf-8-*-import re, base64, os, sys
path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0]))'''
选项配置管理
__author__ = 'allen woo'
'''def add_host_main():while 1:if add_host():break
        print("\n\nAgain:")def add_host():'''
    添加主机信息
    :return: 
    '''
    print("================Add=====================")
    print("[Help]Input '#q' exit")# 输入IP
    host_ip = str_format("Host IP:", "^(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9]?[0-9])\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9]?[0-9])\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9]?[0-9])\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9]?[0-9])$")if host_ip == "#q":return 1# 输入端口
    host_port = str_format("Host port(Default 22):", "[0-9]+")if host_port == "#q":return 1# 输入密码
    password = str_format("Password:", ".*")if password == "#q":return 1# 密码加密
    password = base64.encodestring(password)# 输入用户名
    name = str_format("User Name:", "^[^ ]+$")if name == "#q":return 1elif not name:
        os.system("clear")
        print("[Warning]:User name cannot be emptyg")return 0# The alias# 输入别名
    alias = str_format("Local Alias:", "^[^ ]+$")if alias == "#q":return 1elif not alias:
        os.system("clear")
        print("[Warning]:Alias cannot be emptyg")return 0# 打开数据保存文件
    of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path))
    hosts = of.readlines()# 遍历文件数据，查找是否有存在的Ip，端口，还有别名for l in hosts:
        l = l.strip("\n")if not l:continue
        l_list = l.split(" ")if host_ip == l_list[1] and host_port == l_list[2]:
            os.system("clear")
            print("[Warning]{}:{} existing".format(host_ip, host_port))return 0if alias == l_list[4]:
            os.system("clear")
            print("[Warning]Alias '{}' existing".format(alias))return 0
    of.close()# save# 保存数据到数据文件
    of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path), "a")
    of.write("\n{} {} {} {} {}".format(name.strip("\n"), host_ip.strip("\n"), host_port, password.strip("\n"), alias.strip("\n")))
    of.close()
    print("Add the success:{} {}@{}:{}".format(alias.strip("\n"), name.strip("\n"), host_ip.strip("\n"), host_port, password.strip("\n")))return 1def remove_host():'''
    删除主机信息
    :return: 
    '''while 1:# 打开数据文件
        of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path))
        hosts = of.readlines()
        of.close
        l = len(hosts)if l <= 0:
            os.system("clear")
            print("[Warning]There is no host")return

        print("================Remove================")
        print("+{}+".format("-"*40))
        print("|     Alias   UserName@IP:PORT")
        hosts_temp = []
        n = 0# 遍历输出所以信息(除了密码)供选择for i in range(0, l):if not hosts[i].strip():continue
            v_list = hosts[i].strip().split(" ")
            print("+{}+".format("-"*40))
            print("| {} | {}   {}@{}:{}".format(n+1, v_list[4], v_list[0], v_list[1], v_list[2]))
            n += 1
            hosts_temp.append(hosts[i])
        hosts = hosts_temp[:]
        print("+{}+".format("-"*40))
        c = raw_input("[Remove]Choose the Number or Alias(&#39;#q&#39; to exit):")
        is_alias = False
        is_y = Falsetry:
            c = int(c)if c > l or c < 1:
                os.system("clear")
                print("[Warning]:There is no")continuedel hosts[c-1]
            is_y = Trueexcept:
            is_alias = Trueif is_alias:if c.strip() == "#q":
                os.system("clear")break  
            n = 0for l in hosts:if c.strip() == l.split(" ")[4].strip():del hosts[n]
                    is_y = True 
                n += 1if not is_y:
            os.system("clear")
            print("[Warning]:There is no")continueelse: # save# 再次确认是否删除
            c = raw_input("Remove?[y/n]:")if c.strip().upper() == "Y":
                of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path), "w")for l in hosts:
                    of.write(l)
                print("Remove the success！")
                of.close()def str_format(lable, rule):&#39;&#39;&#39;
    用于验证输入的数据格式
    :param lable: 
    :param rule: 
    :return: 
    &#39;&#39;&#39;while 1:
        print("{} (&#39;#q&#39; exit)".format(lable))
        temp = raw_input().strip()
        m = re.match(r"{}".format(rule), temp)if m:breakelif "port" in lable:
            temp = 22breakelif temp.strip() == "#q":
            os.system("clear")break
        os.system("clear")
        print("[Warning]:Invalid format")return temp

2. 我們再新增一個函數在setting.py用於輸出我們的訊息，也就是about me。

def about():'''
    输出关于这个程序的信息
    :return: 
    '''
    of = open("{}/bin/about.dat".format(path))
    rf = of.read()try:
        info = eval(rf)
        os.system("clear")
        print("================About osnssh================")for k,v in info.items():
            print("{}: {}".format(k, v))except:
        print("For failure.")return

然後在bin目錄下面建立個檔案about.dat寫入我們的一些訊息，例如：

{"auther":"Allen Woo","Introduction":"In Linux or MAC using SSH, do not need to enter the IP and password for many times","Home page":"","Download address":"https://github.com/osnoob/osnssh","version":"1.1.0","email":"xiaopingwoo@163.com"
}

好了設定程式就這樣了：

2.自動登入遠端伺服器程式：在bin建個py檔叫auto_ssh.py：
注意：這裡我們需要先安裝個包叫：pexpect， 用戶端交互，捕捉交互資訊實現自動輸入密碼。
安裝pexpect：

pip install pexpect

然後開始寫程式碼：

#!/usr/bin/env python#-*-coding:utf-8-*-import os, sys, base64import pexpect
path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0]))def choose():# 打开我们的数据文件
    of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path))
    hosts = of.readlines()
    hosts_temp = []for h in hosts:if h.strip():
            hosts_temp.append(h)
    hosts = hosts_temp[:]
    l = len(hosts)if l <= 0:
        os.system("clear")
        print("[Warning]Please add the host server")returnwhile 1:

        print("=================SSH===================")
        print("+{}+".format("-"*40))
        print("|     Alias   UserName@IP:PORT")for i in range(0, l):
            v_list = hosts[i].strip().split(" ")
            print("+{}+".format("-"*40))
            print("| {} | {}   {}@{}:{}".format(i+1, v_list[4], v_list[0], v_list[1], v_list[2]))
        print("+{}+".format("-"*40))
        c = raw_input("[SSH]Choose the number or alias(&#39;#q&#39; exit):")
        is_alias = False
        is_y = Falsetry:
            c = int(c)if c > l or c < 1:
                os.system("clear")
                print("[Warning]:There is no")continue
            l_list = hosts[c-1].split(" ")
            name = l_list[0]
            host = l_list[1]
            port = l_list[2]
            password = l_list[3]
            is_y = Trueexcept:
            is_alias = Trueif is_alias:if c.strip() == "#q":
                os.system("clear")returnfor h in hosts:if c.strip() == h.split(" ")[4].strip():
                    l_list = h.split(" ")
                    name = l_list[0]
                    host = l_list[1]
                    port = l_list[2]
                    password = l_list[3]
                    is_y = Trueif not is_y:continue# ssh# 将加密保存的密码解密
        password = base64.decodestring(password)
        print("In the connection...")# 准备远程连接，拼接ip：port
        print("{}@{}".format(name, host))if port == "22":
            connection("ssh {}@{}".format(name, host), password)else:
            connection("ssh {}@{}:{}".format(name, host, port), password)def connection(cmd, pwd):&#39;&#39;&#39;
    连接远程服务器
    :param cmd: 
    :param pwd: 
    :return: 
    &#39;&#39;&#39;
    child = pexpect.spawn(cmd)
    i = child.expect([".*password.*", ".*continue.*?", pexpect.EOF, pexpect.TIMEOUT])if( i == 0 ):# 如果交互中出现.*password.*，就是叫我们输入密码# 我们就把密码自动填入下去
        child.sendline("{}\n".format(pwd))
        child.interact()elif( i == 1):# 如果交互提示是否继续，一般第一次连接时会出现# 这个时候我们发送"yes"，然后再自动输入密码
        child.sendline("yes\n")
        child.sendline("{}\n".format(pwd))#child.interact()    else:# 连接失败
        print("[Error]The connection fails")

好了，現在我們只需要啟動檔案了，也就是開啟程式後的第一個選單
3 .再osnssh目錄下建個osnssh.py 檔案：

#!/usr/bin/env python#-*-coding:utf-8-*-import os, sys
sys.path.append("../")from bin import setting, auto_ssh
path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0]))'''
方便在LINUX终端使用ssh,保存使用的IP:PORT , PASSWORD
自动登录
__author__ = 'allen woo'
'''def main():while 1:

        print("==============OSNSSH [Menu]=============")
        print("1.Connection between a host\n2.Add host\n3.Remove host\n4.About\n[Help]: q:quit   clear:clear screen")
        print("="*40)
        c = raw_input("Please select a:")if c == 1 or c == "1":
            auto_ssh.choose()if c == 2 or c == "2":
            setting.add_host_main()if c == 3 or c == "3":
            setting.remove_host()if c == 4 or c == "4":
            setting.about()elif c == "clear":
            os.system("clear")elif c == "q" or c == "Q" or c == "quit":
            print("Bye")
            sys.exit()else:
            print("\n")if __name__ == '__main__':try:
        of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path))except:
        of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path), "w")
    of.close()
    main()

終於寫完了,我們可以試一試了:

$python osnssh.py

具體的演示，就是我在文章開頭放了張GIF動畫圖片源碼加群

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