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如何使用python寫個自動SSH登入遠端伺服器的小工具程式碼分享(建議)

黄舟
黄舟原創
2017-06-18 11:13:411646瀏覽

下面小編就為大家帶來一篇用python寫個自動SSH登入遠端伺服器的小工具(實例)。小編覺得蠻不錯的,現在就分享給大家,也給大家做個參考。一起跟著小編過來看看吧

很多時候我們喜歡在自己電腦的終端直接ssh連接Linux伺服器,而不喜歡使用那些有UI介面的工具區連接我們的伺服器。可是在終端機上使用ssh我們每次都需要輸入帳號和密碼,這也是一個煩惱,所以我們可以簡單的打造一個在Linux/Mac os運行的自動ssh登入遠端伺服器的小工具。

來個GIF動畫範例下先:

概述

我們先理一下我們需要些什麼功能:

#1. 新增/刪除連接伺服器需要的IP,端口,密碼

2. 自動輸入密碼登入遠端伺服器

對,我們就做這麼簡單的功能

開始寫程式碼

程式碼比較長,所以我也放在在Github和碼雲,地址在文章最底部:

1.我們建個模組目錄osnssh(Open source noob ssh),然後在下面再建兩個目錄,一個用來放主程式取名叫bin吧,一個用來保存登入資料(IP, 端口,密碼)叫data吧。

-osnssh
-bin
-data

1.設定程式:新增/刪除IP,端口,密碼.建立py檔bin/setting.py:


#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import re, base64, os, sys
path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0]))
'''

选项配置管理

author = 'allen woo'
'''
def add_host_main():
 while 1:
  if add_host():
   break
  print("\n\nAgain:")

def add_host():
 '''
 添加主机信息
 :return: 
 '''
 print("================Add=====================")
 print("[Help]Input '#q' exit")
 # 输入IP
 host_ip = str_format("Host IP:", "^(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9]?[0-9])\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9]?[0-9])\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9]?[0-9])\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9]?[0-9])$")
 if host_ip == "#q":
  return 1
 # 输入端口
 host_port = str_format("Host port(Default 22):", "[0-9]+")
 if host_port == "#q":
  return 1
 # 输入密码
 password = str_format("Password:", ".*")
 if password == "#q":
  return 1
 # 密码加密
 password = base64.encodestring(password)
 # 输入用户名
 name = str_format("User Name:", "^[^ ]+$")
 if name == "#q":
  return 1
 elif not name:
  os.system("clear")
  print("[Warning]:User name cannot be emptyg")
  return 0

 # The alias
 # 输入别名
 alias = str_format("Local Alias:", "^[^ ]+$")
 if alias == "#q":
  return 1
 elif not alias:
  os.system("clear")
  print("[Warning]:Alias cannot be emptyg")
  return 0
 # 打开数据保存文件
 of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path))
 hosts = of.readlines()
 # 遍历文件数据,查找是否有存在的Ip,端口,还有别名
 for l in hosts:
  l = l.strip("\n")
  if not l:
   continue
  l_list = l.split(" ")
  if host_ip == l_list[1] and host_port == l_list[2]:
   os.system("clear")
   print("[Warning]{}:{} existing".format(host_ip, host_port))
   return 0
  if alias == l_list[4]:
   os.system("clear")
   print("[Warning]Alias '{}' existing".format(alias))
   return 0
 of.close()
 # save
 # 保存数据到数据文件
 of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path), "a")
 of.write("\n{} {} {} {} {}".format(name.strip("\n"), host_ip.strip("\n"), host_port, password.strip("\n"), alias.strip("\n")))
 of.close()
 print("Add the success:{} {}@{}:{}".format(alias.strip("\n"), name.strip("\n"), host_ip.strip("\n"), host_port, password.strip("\n")))
 return 1

def remove_host():
 '''
 删除主机信息
 :return: 
 '''
 while 1:
  # 打开数据文件
  of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path))
  hosts = of.readlines()
  of.close
  l = len(hosts)
  if l <= 0:
   os.system("clear")
   print("[Warning]There is no host")
   return

  print("================Remove================")
  print("+{}+".format("-"*40))
  print("|  Alias UserName@IP:PORT")
  hosts_temp = []
  n = 0
  # 遍历输出所以信息(除了密码)供选择
  for i in range(0, l):
   if not hosts[i].strip():
    continue
   v_list = hosts[i].strip().split(" ")
   print("+{}+".format("-"*40))
   print("| {} | {} {}@{}:{}".format(n+1, v_list[4], v_list[0], v_list[1], v_list[2]))
   n += 1
   hosts_temp.append(hosts[i])
  hosts = hosts_temp[:]
  print("+{}+".format("-"*40))
  c = raw_input("[Remove]Choose the Number or Alias(&#39;#q&#39; to exit):")
  is_alias = False
  is_y = False
  try:
   c = int(c)
   if c > l or c < 1:
    os.system("clear")
    print("[Warning]:There is no")
    continue
   del hosts[c-1]
   is_y = True

  except:
   is_alias = True
  if is_alias:
   if c.strip() == "#q":
    os.system("clear")
    break 
   n = 0
   for l in hosts:
    if c.strip() == l.split(" ")[4].strip():
     del hosts[n]
     is_y = True 
    n += 1
  if not is_y:
   os.system("clear")
   print("[Warning]:There is no")
   continue
  else: 
   # save
   # 再次确认是否删除
   c = raw_input("Remove?[y/n]:")
   if c.strip().upper() == "Y":
    of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path), "w")
    for l in hosts:
     of.write(l)
    print("Remove the success!")
    of.close()

def str_format(lable, rule):
 &#39;&#39;&#39;
 用于验证输入的数据格式
 :param lable: 
 :param rule: 
 :return: 
 &#39;&#39;&#39;
 while 1:
  print("{} (&#39;#q&#39; exit)".format(lable))
  temp = raw_input().strip()
  m = re.match(r"{}".format(rule), temp)
  if m:
   break
  elif "port" in lable:
   temp = 22
   break
  elif temp.strip() == "#q":
   os.system("clear")
   break
  os.system("clear")
  print("[Warning]:Invalid format")

 return temp

2. 我們再加入一個函數在setting.py用來輸出我們的訊息,也就是about me。


def about():
 &#39;&#39;&#39;
 输出关于这个程序的信息
 :return: 
 &#39;&#39;&#39;
 of = open("{}/bin/about.dat".format(path))
 rf = of.read()
 try:
  info = eval(rf)
  os.system("clear")
  print("================About osnssh================")
  for k,v in info.items():
   print("{}: {}".format(k, v))
 except:
  print("For failure.")
 return

然後在bin目錄下面建立個檔案about.dat寫入我們的一些信息,例如:


{
 "auther":"Allen Woo",
 "Introduction":"In Linux or MAC using SSH, do not need to enter the IP and password for many times",
 "Home page":"",
 "Download address":"https://github.com/osnoob/osnssh",
 "version":"1.1.0",
 "email":"xiaopingwoo@163.com"
}

好了設定程式就這樣了:

2. 自動登入遠端伺服器程式:在bin建個py檔叫auto_ssh.py:

注意:這裡我們要先安裝個包叫:pexpect, 使用者終端交互,捕捉交互資訊實現自動輸入密碼。

安裝pexpect:

pip install pexpect

然後開始寫入程式碼:


#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import os, sys, base64
import pexpect
path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0]))

def choose():
 # 打开我们的数据文件
 of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path))
 hosts = of.readlines()
 hosts_temp = []
 for h in hosts:
  if h.strip():
   hosts_temp.append(h)
 hosts = hosts_temp[:]
 l = len(hosts)
 if l <= 0:
  os.system("clear")
  print("[Warning]Please add the host server")
  return
 while 1:

  print("=================SSH===================")
  print("+{}+".format("-"*40))
  print("|  Alias UserName@IP:PORT")
  for i in range(0, l):
   v_list = hosts[i].strip().split(" ")
   print("+{}+".format("-"*40))
   print("| {} | {} {}@{}:{}".format(i+1, v_list[4], v_list[0], v_list[1], v_list[2]))
  print("+{}+".format("-"*40))
  c = raw_input("[SSH]Choose the number or alias(&#39;#q&#39; exit):")
  is_alias = False
  is_y = False
  try:
   c = int(c)
   if c > l or c < 1:
    os.system("clear")
    print("[Warning]:There is no")
    continue
   l_list = hosts[c-1].split(" ")
   name = l_list[0]
   host = l_list[1]
   port = l_list[2]
   password = l_list[3]
   is_y = True

  except:
   is_alias = True
  if is_alias:
   if c.strip() == "#q":
    os.system("clear")
    return
   for h in hosts:
    if c.strip() == h.split(" ")[4].strip():
     l_list = h.split(" ")
     name = l_list[0]
     host = l_list[1]
     port = l_list[2]
     password = l_list[3]
     is_y = True
  if not is_y:
   continue
  # ssh
  # 将加密保存的密码解密
  password = base64.decodestring(password)
  print("In the connection...")
  # 准备远程连接,拼接ip:port
  print("{}@{}".format(name, host))
  if port == "22":
   connection("ssh {}@{}".format(name, host), password)

  else:
   connection("ssh {}@{}:{}".format(name, host, port), password)

def connection(cmd, pwd):
 &#39;&#39;&#39;
 连接远程服务器
 :param cmd: 
 :param pwd: 
 :return: 
 &#39;&#39;&#39;
 child = pexpect.spawn(cmd)
 i = child.expect([".*password.*", ".*continue.*?", pexpect.EOF, pexpect.TIMEOUT])
 if( i == 0 ):
  # 如果交互中出现.*password.*,就是叫我们输入密码
  # 我们就把密码自动填入下去
  child.sendline("{}\n".format(pwd))
  child.interact()
 elif( i == 1):
  # 如果交互提示是否继续,一般第一次连接时会出现
  # 这个时候我们发送"yes",然后再自动输入密码
  child.sendline("yes\n")
  child.sendline("{}\n".format(pwd))

  #child.interact() 
 else:
  # 连接失败
  print("[Error]The connection fails")

好了,現在我們只需要啟動檔案了,也就是開啟程式後的第一個選單

3.再osnssh目錄下建個osnssh.py 檔案:


#
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import os, sys
sys.path.append("../")
from bin import setting, auto_ssh
path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0]))
&#39;&#39;&#39;
方便在LINUX终端使用ssh,保存使用的IP:PORT , PASSWORD
自动登录
author = &#39;allen woo&#39;
&#39;&#39;&#39;
def main():
 while 1:

  print("==============OSNSSH [Menu]=============")
  print("1.Connection between a host\n2.Add host\n3.Remove host\n4.About\n[Help]: q:quit clear:clear screen")
  print("="*40)
  c = raw_input("Please select a:")
  if c == 1 or c == "1":
   auto_ssh.choose()
  if c == 2 or c == "2":
   setting.add_host_main()
  if c == 3 or c == "3":
   setting.remove_host()
  if c == 4 or c == "4":
   setting.about()
  elif c == "clear":
   os.system("clear")
  elif c == "q" or c == "Q" or c == "quit":
   print("Bye")
   sys.exit()
  else:
   print("\n")

if name == &#39;main&#39;:
 try:
  of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path))
 except:
  of = open("{}/data/information.d".format(path), "w")
 of.close()
 main()

終於寫完了,我們可以試試看了:

$python osnssh.py

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