這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了.Net Core實現圖片文件上傳下載功能,具有一定的參考價值,感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下
當下.Net Core專案可是如雨後春筍一般發展起來,作為.Net大軍中的一員,我熱忱地擁抱了.Net Core並且積極使用其進行業務的開發,我們先介紹下.Net Core專案下實現文件上傳下載接口。
一、開發環境
##無庸置疑,宇宙第一IDE VisualStudio 2017 ##二、專案結構
FilesController 檔案上傳下載
控制器
# #Return_Helper_DG 回傳值幫助類別
三、關鍵程式碼
1、首先我們來看Startup.cs 這個是我們的程式啟動組態類,在這裡我們進行一系列的配置。
跨域配置:
#當然跨域少不了dll的引用,我們使用Nuget引用相關的引用包
伺服器資源路徑置換,這樣可以防止客戶端猜測服務端檔案路徑,製造一個虛擬的隱射進行訪問,提高了安全性。
Startup.cs的完整程式碼如下:
#
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http; using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration; using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection; using Microsoft.Extensions.FileProviders; using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging; using System.IO; namespace QX_Core.FilesCenter { public class Startup { public Startup(IHostingEnvironment env) { var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder() .SetBasePath(env.ContentRootPath) .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: false, reloadOnChange: true) .AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{env.EnvironmentName}.json", optional: true) .AddEnvironmentVariables(); Configuration = builder.Build(); } public IConfigurationRoot Configuration { get; } // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container. public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) { // Add framework services. services.AddMvc(); #region CORS services.AddCors(options => { options.AddPolicy("AllowSpecificOrigin", builder => builder.WithOrigins("http://localhost:3997").AllowAnyHeader().AllowAnyOrigin().AllowAnyMethod()); }); #endregion } // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline. public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory) { //loggerFactory.AddConsole(Configuration.GetSection("Logging")); //loggerFactory.AddDebug(); app.UseMvc(); // Shows UseCors with named policy. app.UseCors("AllowSpecificOrigin"); app.UseStaticFiles(new StaticFileOptions() { FileProvider = new PhysicalFileProvider(Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), @"wwwroot/Files")), RequestPath = new PathString("/src") }); } } }2、Return_Helper_DG類別使用者設定一個統一的回傳值回饋到客戶端
Return_Helper_DG類別的程式碼如下:
using System.Net; /** * author:qixiao * create:2017-5-19 15:15:05 * */ namespace QX_Core.FilesCenter.QX_Core.Helper { public abstract class Return_Helper_DG { public static object IsSuccess_Msg_Data_HttpCode(bool isSuccess, string msg, dynamic data, HttpStatusCode httpCode = HttpStatusCode.OK) { return new { isSuccess = isSuccess, msg = msg, httpCode = httpCode, data = data }; } public static object Success_Msg_Data_DCount_HttpCode(string msg, dynamic data = null, int dataCount = 0, HttpStatusCode httpCode = HttpStatusCode.OK) { return new { isSuccess = true, msg = msg, httpCode = httpCode, data = data, dataCount = dataCount }; } public static object Error_Msg_Ecode_Elevel_HttpCode(string msg, int errorCode = 0, int errorLevel = 0, HttpStatusCode httpCode = HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError) { return new { isSuccess = false, msg = msg, httpCode = httpCode, errorCode = errorCode, errorLevel = errorLevel }; } } }
3、FilesController是我們的檔案上傳控制器接口,這裡定義了對上傳的檔案的接收操作,並且在控制器上啟用跨域配置
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Cors; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc; using Microsoft.Net.Http.Headers; using QX_Core.FilesCenter.QX_Core.Helper; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Linq; namespace QX_Core.FilesCenter.Controllers { //[Produces("application/json")] [Route("api/[controller]")] [EnableCors("AllowSpecificOrigin")] public class FilesController : Controller { private IHostingEnvironment hostingEnv; public FilesController(IHostingEnvironment env) { this.hostingEnv = env; } [HttpPost] public IActionResult Post() { var files = Request.Form.Files; long size = files.Sum(f => f.Length); //size > 100MB refuse upload ! if (size > 104857600) { return Json(Return_Helper_DG.Error_Msg_Ecode_Elevel_HttpCode("files total size > 100MB , server refused !")); } List<string> filePathResultList = new List<string>(); foreach (var file in files) { var fileName = ContentDispositionHeaderValue.Parse(file.ContentDisposition).FileName.Trim('"'); string filePath = hostingEnv.WebRootPath + $@"\Files\Files\"; if (!Directory.Exists(filePath)) { Directory.CreateDirectory(filePath); } fileName = Guid.NewGuid() + "." + fileName.Split('.')[1]; string fileFullName = filePath + fileName; using (FileStream fs = System.IO.File.Create(fileFullName)) { file.CopyTo(fs); fs.Flush(); } filePathResultList.Add($"/src/Files/{fileName}"); } string message = $"{files.Count} file(s) /{size} bytes uploaded successfully!"; return Json(Return_Helper_DG.Success_Msg_Data_DCount_HttpCode(message, filePathResultList, filePathResultList.Count)); } } }在上述的程式碼中,我們對上傳的檔案的大小進行了限制,並且對檔案的大小進行回饋.
4、PictureController 圖片上傳控制器接口,類似於文件,不過對上傳的圖片類型進行了校驗和限制
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Cors; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc; using Microsoft.Net.Http.Headers; using QX_Core.FilesCenter.QX_Core.Helper; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Linq; namespace QX_Core.FilesCenter.Controllers { //[Produces("application/json")] [Route("api/[controller]")] [EnableCors("AllowSpecificOrigin")] public class PicturesController : Controller { private IHostingEnvironment hostingEnv; string[] pictureFormatArray = { "png", "jpg", "jpeg", "bmp", "gif","ico", "PNG", "JPG", "JPEG", "BMP", "GIF","ICO" }; public PicturesController(IHostingEnvironment env) { this.hostingEnv = env; } [HttpPost] public IActionResult Post() { var files = Request.Form.Files; long size = files.Sum(f => f.Length); //size > 100MB refuse upload ! if (size > 104857600) { return Json(Return_Helper_DG.Error_Msg_Ecode_Elevel_HttpCode("pictures total size > 100MB , server refused !")); } List<string> filePathResultList = new List<string>(); foreach (var file in files) { var fileName = ContentDispositionHeaderValue.Parse(file.ContentDisposition).FileName.Trim('"'); string filePath = hostingEnv.WebRootPath + $@"\Files\Pictures\"; if (!Directory.Exists(filePath)) { Directory.CreateDirectory(filePath); } string suffix = fileName.Split('.')[1]; if (!pictureFormatArray.Contains(suffix)) { return Json(Return_Helper_DG.Error_Msg_Ecode_Elevel_HttpCode("the picture format not support ! you must upload files that suffix like 'png','jpg','jpeg','bmp','gif','ico'.")); } fileName = Guid.NewGuid() + "." + suffix; string fileFullName = filePath + fileName; using (FileStream fs = System.IO.File.Create(fileFullName)) { file.CopyTo(fs); fs.Flush(); } filePathResultList.Add($"/src/Pictures/{fileName}"); } string message = $"{files.Count} file(s) /{size} bytes uploaded successfully!"; return Json(Return_Helper_DG.Success_Msg_Data_DCount_HttpCode(message, filePathResultList, filePathResultList.Count)); } } }到此,我們的檔案圖片上傳程式碼已經全部完成,下面我們將檔案上傳的客戶端進行實作
四、客戶端的實作
客戶端我們很簡單地用jQuery Ajax的方式進行圖片檔案的提交,客戶端程式碼的實作:
#
<!doctype> <head> <script src="jquery-3.2.0.min.js"></script> <script> $(document).ready(function () { var appDomain = "http://localhost:53972/"; $("#btn_fileUpload").click(function () { var fileUpload = $("#files").get(0); var files = fileUpload.files; var data = new FormData(); for (var i = 0; i < files.length; i++) { data.append(files[i].name, files[i]); } $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: appDomain+'api/Pictures', contentType: false, processData: false, data: data, success: function (data) { console.log(JSON.stringify(data)); }, error: function () { console.log(JSON.stringify(data)); } }); }); //end click }) </script> </head> <title></title> <body> <article> <header> <h2>article-form</h2> </header> <p> <form id="uploadForm" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <input type="file" id="files" name="files" placeholder="file" multiple>file-multiple属性可以选择多项<br><br> <input type="button" id="btn_fileUpload" value="fileUpload"> </form> </p> </article> </body>#五、程式碼測試
1.啟動伺服器
我們可以看到一個控制台和一個web自動啟動,並且web顯示預設的Values控制器的請求回傳值。 2.圖片上傳我們使用ajax的方式進行圖片的上傳操作,打開測試web頁面,並且選擇圖片,點擊上傳,查看控制台返回的結果:可以看到,一張圖片上傳成功!
輸入回傳的位址,我們可以看到成功存取到了圖片,特別注意這裡伺服器路徑的改變:
多重圖片上傳:
##################可見,多圖片上傳沒有任何問題! ######同樣進行檔案上傳的測試:#########################同樣,檔案上傳也沒有任何問題! #########六、總結#########至此,我們已經實現了預期的.Net Core圖片檔案上傳的全部功能! ###
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