Python實現網路測試的腳本分享詳解

這篇文章主要為大家介紹了關於利用Python實現網路測試的方法，文中給出了詳細的範例程式碼供大家參考學習，對大家具有一定的參考學習價值，需要的朋友們下面來一起看看吧。

前言

最近同學請我幫忙寫一個測試網路的工具。由於工作上的事情，斷斷續續地拖了很久才給出一個相對完整的版本。其實，我Python用的比較少，所以基本上都是邊查資料邊寫程式。

程式的主要邏輯如下：

讀取一個excel檔案中的ip列表，然後使用多線程呼叫ping統計每個ip的網路參數，最後把結果輸出到excel文件中。

程式碼如下：

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
# File: pingtest_test.py
# Date: 2008-09-28
# Author: Michael Field
# Modified By：intheworld
# Date: 2017-4-17
import sys
import os
import getopt
import commands
import subprocess
import re
import time
import threading
import xlrd
import xlwt

TEST = [
  '220.181.57.217',
  '166.111.8.28',
  '202.114.0.242',
  '202.117.0.20',
  '202.112.26.34',
  '202.203.128.33',
  '202.115.64.33',
  '202.201.48.2',
  '202.114.0.242',
  '202.116.160.33',
  '202.202.128.33',
]
RESULT={}
def usage():
 print "USEAGE:"
 print "\t%s -n TEST|excel name [-t times of ping] [-c concurrent number(thread nums)]" %sys.argv[0]
 print "\t TEST为简单测试的IP列表"
 print "\t-t times 测试次数;默认为1000;"
 print "\t-c concurrent number 并行线程数目:默认为10"
 print "\t-h|-?, 帮助信息"
 print "\t 输出为当前目录文件ping_result.txt 和 ping_result.xls"
 print "for example:"
 print "\t./ping_test.py -n TEST -t 1 -c 10"

def p_list(ls,n):
 if not isinstance(ls,list) or not isinstance(n,int):
  return []
 ls_len = len(ls)
 print 'ls length = %s' %ls_len
 if n<=0 or 0==ls_len:
  return []
 if n > ls_len:
  return []
 elif n == ls_len:
  return [[i] for i in ls]
 else:
  j = ls_len/n
  k = ls_len%n
  ### j,j,j,...(前面有n-1个j),j+k
  #步长j,次数n-1
  ls_return = []
  for i in xrange(0,(n-1)*j,j):
   ls_return.append(ls[i:i+j])
  #算上末尾的j+k
  ls_return.append(ls[(n-1)*j:])
  return ls_return

def pin(IP):
 try:
  xpin=subprocess.check_output("ping -n 1 -w 100 %s" %IP, shell=True)
 except Exception:
  xpin = &#39;empty&#39;
 ms = &#39;=[0-9]+ms&#39;.decode("utf8")
 print "%s" %ms
 print "%s" %xpin
 mstime=re.search(ms,xpin)
 if not mstime:
  MS=&#39;timeout&#39;
  return MS
 else:
  MS=mstime.group().split(&#39;=&#39;)[1]
  return MS.strip(&#39;ms&#39;)
def count(total_count,I):
 global RESULT
 nowsecond = int(time.time())
 nums = 0
 oknums = 0
 timeout = 0
 lostpacket = 0.0
 total_ms = 0.0
 avgms = 0.0
 maxms = -1
 while nums < total_count:
  nums += 1
  MS = pin(I)
  print &#39;pin output = %s&#39; %MS
  if MS == &#39;timeout&#39;:
   timeout += 1
   lostpacket = timeout*100.0 / nums
  else:
   oknums += 1
   total_ms = total_ms + float(MS)
   if oknums == 0:
    oknums = 1
    maxms = float(MS)
    avgms = total_ms / oknums
   else:
    avgms = total_ms / oknums
    maxms = max(maxms, float(MS))
  RESULT[I] = (I, avgms, maxms, lostpacket)

def thread_func(t, ipList):
 if not isinstance(ipList,list):
  return
 else:
  for ip in ipList:
   count(t, ip)

def readIpsInFile(excelName):
 data = xlrd.open_workbook(excelName)
 table = data.sheets()[0]
 nrows = table.nrows
 print &#39;nrows %s&#39; %nrows
 ips = []
 for i in range(nrows):
  ips.append(table.cell_value(i, 0))
  print table.cell_value(i, 0)
 return ips
 

if name == &#39;main&#39;:
 file = &#39;ping_result.txt&#39;
 times = 10
 network = &#39;&#39;
 thread_num = 10
 args = sys.argv[1:]
 try:
  (opts, getopts) = getopt.getopt(args, &#39;n:t:c:h?&#39;)
 except:
  print "\nInvalid command line option detected."
  usage()
  sys.exit(1)
 for opt, arg in opts:
  if opt in (&#39;-n&#39;):
   network = arg
  if opt in (&#39;-h&#39;, &#39;-?&#39;):
   usage()
   sys.exit(0)
  if opt in (&#39;-t&#39;):
   times = int(arg)
  if opt in (&#39;-c&#39;):
   thread_num = int(arg)
 f = open(file, &#39;w&#39;)
 workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
 sheet1 = workbook.add_sheet("sheet1", cell_overwrite_ok=True)
 if not isinstance(times,int):
  usage()
  sys.exit(0)
 if network not in [&#39;TEST&#39;] and not os.path.exists(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(file), network)):
  print "The network is wrong or excel file does not exist. please check it."
  usage()
  sys.exit(0)
 else:
  if network == &#39;TEST&#39;:
   ips = TEST
  else:
   ips = readIpsInFile(network)
  print &#39;Starting...&#39;
  threads = []
  nest_list = p_list(ips, thread_num)
  loops = range(len(nest_list))
  print &#39;Total %s Threads is working...&#39; %len(nest_list)
  for ipList in nest_list:
   t = threading.Thread(target=thread_func,args=(times,ipList))
   threads.append(t)
  for i in loops:
   threads[i].start()
  for i in loops:
   threads[i].join()
  it = 0
  for line in RESULT:
   value = RESULT[line]
   sheet1.write(it, 0, line)
   sheet1.write(it, 1, str(&#39;%.2f&#39;%value[1]))
   sheet1.write(it, 2, str(&#39;%.2f&#39;%value[2]))
   sheet1.write(it, 3, str(&#39;%.2f&#39;%value[3]))
   it+=1
   f.write(line + &#39;\t&#39;+ str(&#39;%.2f&#39;%value[1]) + &#39;\t&#39;+ str(&#39;%.2f&#39;%value[2]) + &#39;\t&#39;+ str(&#39;%.2f&#39;%value[3]) + &#39;\n&#39;)
  f.close()
  workbook.save(&#39;ping_result.xls&#39;)
  print &#39;Work Done. please check result %s and ping_result.xls.&#39;%file

這段程式碼參考了別人的實現，雖然不是特別複雜，這裡還是簡單解釋一下。

•     excel讀寫使用了xlrd和xlwt，基本上就是使用了一些簡單的api。

•     使用了threading實作多執行緒並發，和POSIX標準介面非常相似。 thread_func是執行緒的處理函數，它的輸入包含了一個ip的List，所以在函數內部透過循環處理各個ip。

•     另外，Python的commands在Windows下方並不相容，所以使用了subprocess模組。

到目前為止，我對Python裡面字元集的理解還不到位，所以正規表示式匹配的程式碼並不夠強壯，不過目前勉強可以工作，以後有必要再改咯！

總結

#

以上是Python實現網路測試的腳本分享詳解的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章！