透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？

    WeUI是微信Web服務開發的UI套件, 目前包含12個模組 (Button, Cell, 透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？, 透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？, Progress, 透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？, 透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？, 透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？, 透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？, 透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？, Tab, 透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？).

    Demo頁: https://weui.io

Github頁: https://github.com/weui/weui

    下面講一講我從WeUI學到的CSS技巧.

1.Button

    從這裡我開始注意到, WeUI的實現中, 很多邊框都是用:before,:after繪製的.

.weui_btn:after {
    content: " ";
    width: 200%;
    height: 200%;
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    -webkit-transform: scale(0.5);
    transform: scale(0.5);
    -webkit-transform-origin: 0 0;
    transform-origin: 0 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    border-radius: 10px;
}

    這麼做是為了在Retina螢幕(視網膜螢幕)上確保1px真的是1pixel. 

2.Cell

2.1.weui_cell

.weui_cell {
    padding: 10px 15px;
    position: relative;
    display: -webkit-box;
    display: -webkit-flex;
    display: -ms-flexbox;
    display: flex;
    -webkit-box-align: center;
    -webkit-align-items: center;
    -ms-flex-align: center;
    align-items: center;
}

    看到這裡發現WeUI大量使用了flex佈局方式. 

##2.2.Cell (列表項目)

    之前一直比較困惑如何實現清單項目之間的, 左邊有些空缺的邊框. border屬性又不支持只顯示一條邊上的一部分, 難道要插入

---

?

    WeUI的實作方式是: 利用.weui_cells:before.

.weui_cell:before {
    content: " ";
    position: absolute;
    left: 15px;
    top: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 1px;
    border-top: 1px solid #D9D9D9;
    color: #D9D9D9;
    -webkit-transform-origin: 0 0;
    transform-origin: 0 0;
    -webkit-transform: scaleY(0.5);
    transform: scaleY(0.5);
}

    left: 15px(左邊的空缺)配合上.weui_cells_title的overflow: hidden(隱藏右邊超出的部分)就可以顯示有空缺的邊框了.

    列表項末端的右箭頭的實作方式竟然是weui_cell_ft::after的旋轉了45度的border. 我以為會用iconfont.

.weui_cells_access .weui_cell_ft:after {
    content: " ";
    display: inline-block;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
    transform: rotate(45deg);
    height: 6px;
    width: 6px;
    border-width: 2px 2px 0 0;
    border-color: #C8C8CD;
    border-style: solid;
    position: relative;
    top: -2px;
    top: -1px;
    margin-left: .3em;
}

2.3.Radio (單選列表項)

    在每個行內部嵌入了一個隱藏的

<input type="radio" class="weui_check" name="radio1">

    隱藏的方式是:

.weui_check {
    position: absolute;
    left: -9999em;
}

    在每個input.weui_check的後面放置了一個用於顯示對勾的span.input.weui_check和.weui_icon_checked是兄弟關係.

<span class="weui_icon_checked"></span>

.weui_cells_radio .weui_check:checked + .weui_icon_checked:before {
    display: block;
    content: '\EA08';
    color: #09BB07;
    font-size: 16px;}

#2.4.Checkbox (複選清單項目)

複選框如上面的單選框一樣被隱藏了.

<input type="checkbox" class="weui_check" name="checkbox1">

    比較出乎我意料的是選中和未被選中的效果都是用iconfont實現的. 本以為未被選中的效果是用border實現, 選中效果用一個check的iconfont配合水平豎直居中定位.

/* 选中效果 */.weui_cells_checkbox .weui_check:checked + .weui_icon_checked:before {
    content: '\EA06';
    color: #09BB07;}/* 未选中效果 */.weui_cells_checkbox .weui_icon_checked:before {
    content: '\EA01';
    color: #C9C9C9;
    font-size: 23px;
    display: block;}

2.5.Switch (開關)

#

<input class="weui_switch" type="checkbox">

    之前覺得這個效果很難做啊, 看了weui的實現竟然只用css就行了!

.weui_switch {
  -webkit-appearance: none;
  -moz-appearance: none;
  appearance: none;
  position: relative;
  width: 52px;
  height: 32px;
  border: 1px solid #DFDFDF;
  outline: 0;
  border-radius: 16px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  background: #DFDFDF;}.weui_switch:checked {
  border-color: #04BE02;
  background-color: #04BE02;}.weui_switch:before {
  content: " ";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 50px;
  height: 30px;
  border-radius: 15px;
  border-top-left-radius: 15px;
  border-top-right-radius: 15px;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 15px;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 15px;
  background-color: #FDFDFD;
  -webkit-transition: -webkit-transform .3s;
  transition: -webkit-transform .3s;
  transition: transform .3s;
  transition: transform .3s, -webkit-transform .3s;}.weui_switch:checked:before {
  -webkit-transform: scale(0);
  transform: scale(0);}.weui_switch:after {
  content: " ";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 30px;
  height: 30px;
  border-radius: 15px;
  background-color: #FFFFFF;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
  -webkit-transition: -webkit-transform .3s;
  transition: -webkit-transform .3s;
  transition: transform .3s;
  transition: transform .3s, -webkit-transform .3s;}.weui_switch:checked:after {
  -webkit-transform: translateX(20px);
  transform: translateX(20px);}

    其中,.weui_switch提供了邊框, 未選取時背景色#DFDFDF(深灰), 選取時#04BE02(綠色).

    .weui_switch:before提供了邊框內部的淺灰色#FDFDFD. 被選中時scale(0)縮小消失.

    .weui_switch:after提供了圓形按鍵. 被選取時向右邊移動20px.

    效果如下:

2.6.Form (表單)

#

<input class="weui_input" type="number" pattern="[0-9]*" placeholder="请输入qq号">

    input的pattern="[0-9]*限制了輸入只能是0-9的數字(pattern的值是正規表示式).

    input[type="number"]在Chrome上預設會在最右邊顯示上下箭頭. WeUI透過下面的程式碼停用了箭頭, 這段程式碼在Chrome的Dev Tool裡面是看不到的, 只能從CSS裡面看, 害我找了半天.

.weui_input::-webkit-outer-spin-button,.weui_input::-webkit-inner-spin-button {
  -webkit-appearance: none;
  margin: 0;}

    點選input[type="number"]在iOS上會自動開啟數字鍵盤.

##2.7.Upload (上傳)

    WeUI用下面這個簡單的方法實現了圖片前面的灰色層.absolute定位加上top:0; right:0; bottom:0; left:0;就會讓元素被抻開到父元素的邊界.

.weui_uploader_status:before {
    content: " ";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);}

    圖片上傳狀態用了一個經典的(水平+垂直)居中方式, 利用top: 50%(讓元素的上邊界定位到父元素的50%位置)和transform: translateY(-50%)(讓元素往上移動元素自身高度的50%).

.weui_uploader_status .weui_uploader_status_content {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    -webkit-transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    color: #FFFFFF;}

    我平常常用的垂直居中方式如下. 水平居中類似.

.vertical-center {
  position: relative;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);}

    最後的上傳按鈕:

<p class="weui_uploader_input_wrp">
    <input class="weui_uploader_input" type="file" accept="image/jpg,image/jpeg,image/png,image/gif" multiple="">
</p>

    input[type="file"]在iOS上會自動觸發選擇"拍照"還是"照片"的選單.

    方格是用.weui_uploader_input_wrp畫出來的, 而加號是用.weui_uploader_input_wrp:before和:after.

    真正的input利用opacity:0隐藏起来了.

.weui_uploader_input_wrp:before {
    width: 2px;
    height: 39.5px;
}
.weui_uploader_input_wrp:after {
    width: 39.5px;
    height: 2px;
}
.weui_uploader_input_wrp:before,
.weui_uploader_input_wrp:after {
    content: " ";
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    -webkit-transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    background-color: #D9D9D9;
}
.weui_uploader_input {
    position: absolute;
    z-index: 1;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    opacity: 0;
    -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);

2.8.Form Error (透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？报错)

<input class="weui_input" type="date" value="">
<input class="weui_input" type="datetime-local" value="" placeholder="">

    在iOS上, 点选input[type="date"]会出现"年-月-日"的透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？框, 点选input[type="datetime-local"]会出现"月-日-上午/下午-时-分"的透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？框.

2.9.Select (透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？)

    电话号码+86位置的右箭头和分割线是用:before和:after绘制的.

3.透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？

<p id="toast"   style="max-width:90%">
    <p class="weui_mask_transparent"></p>
    <p class="weui_toast">
        <i class="weui_icon_toast"></i>
        <p class="weui_toast_content">已完成</p>
    </p>
</p>

    .weui_mask_transparent就是一个position:fixed占满全屏的透明幕布, 让用户无法操作界面.

    .weui_toast才是页面中间的黑块.

    竟然是纯用HTML+CSS(animation+transition)实现的.

<p id="loading透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？" class="weui_loading_toast" style="/* display: none; */">
    <p class="weui_mask_transparent"></p>
    <p class="weui_toast">
        <p class="weui_loading">
            <p class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_0"></p>
            <p class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_1"></p>
            <p class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_2"></p>
            <p class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_3"></p>
            <p class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_4"></p>
            <p class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_5"></p>
            <p class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_6"></p>
            <p class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_7"></p>
            <p class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_8"></p>
            <p class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_9"></p>
            <p class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_10"></p>
            <p class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_11"></p>
        </p>
        <p class="weui_toast_content">数据加载中</p>
    </p></p>

.weui_loading_leaf {
  position: absolute;
  top: -1px;
  opacity: 0.25;}.weui_loading_leaf:before {
  content: " ";
  position: absolute;
  width: 8.14px;
  height: 3.08px;
  background: #d1d1d5;
  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0980392) 0px 0px 1px;
  border-radius: 1px;
  -webkit-transform-origin: left 50% 0px;
          transform-origin: left 50% 0px;}.weui_loading_leaf_0 {
  -webkit-animation: opacity-60-25-0-12 1.25s linear infinite;
          animation: opacity-60-25-0-12 1.25s linear infinite;}.weui_loading_leaf_0:before {
  -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg) translate(7.92px, 0px);
          transform: rotate(0deg) translate(7.92px, 0px);}/* ... */.weui_loading_leaf_11 {
  -webkit-animation: opacity-60-25-11-12 1.25s linear infinite;
          animation: opacity-60-25-11-12 1.25s linear infinite;}.weui_loading_leaf_11:before {
  -webkit-transform: rotate(330deg) translate(7.92px, 0px);
          transform: rotate(330deg) translate(7.92px, 0px);}@-webkit-keyframes opacity-60-25-0-12 {
  0% {
    opacity: 0.25;
  }
  0.01% {
    opacity: 0.25;
  }
  0.02% {
    opacity: 1;
  }
  60.01% {
    opacity: 0.25;
  }
  100% {
    opacity: 0.25;
  }}/* ... */@-webkit-keyframes opacity-60-25-11-12 {
  0% {
    opacity: 0.895958333333333;
  }
  91.6767% {
    opacity: 0.25;
  }
  91.6867% {
    opacity: 1;
  }
  51.6767% {
    opacity: 0.25;
  }
  100% {
    opacity: 0.895958333333333;
  }}

4. 透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？

<p class="weui_dialog_confirm" id="dialog1">
    <p class="weui_mask"></p>
    <p class="weui_dialog">
        <p class="weui_dialog_hd"><strong class="weui_dialog_title">弹窗标题</strong></p>
        <p class="weui_dialog_bd">自定义弹窗内容，居左对齐显示，告知需要确认的信息等</p>
        <p class="weui_dialog_ft">
            <a href="javascript:;" class="weui_btn_dialog default">取消</a>
            <a href="javascript:;" class="weui_btn_dialog primary">确定</a>
        </p>
    </p></p>

    你能看到的边框都是用:after实现的.

5. Progress

    略. ( *・ω・)✄╰ひ╯

6. 透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？

    略. ( *・ω・)✄╰ひ╯

7. 透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？

    略. ( *・ω・)✄╰ひ╯

8. 透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？

<p id="actionSheet_wrap">
    <p class="weui_mask_transition" id="mask" style="display: none;"></p>
    <p class="weui_actionsheet" id="weui_actionsheet">
        <p class="weui_actionsheet_menu">
            <p class="weui_actionsheet_cell">示例菜单</p>
            <p class="weui_actionsheet_cell">示例菜单</p>
            <p class="weui_actionsheet_cell">示例菜单</p>
            <p class="weui_actionsheet_cell">示例菜单</p>
        </p>
        <p class="weui_actionsheet_action">
            <p class="weui_actionsheet_cell" id="actionsheet_cancel">取消</p>
        </p>
    </p>
</p>

    值得一提的是, 页面下方的透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？始终是显示的, 只不过平时通过transform: translateY(100%)隐藏了起来, 显示时用translateY(0). 这方法无需JS就可以自适应任意高度的透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？.

.weui_actionsheet {
    position: fixed;
    left: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    -webkit-transform: translate(0, 100%);
    transform: translate(0, 100%);
    -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;
    backface-visibility: hidden;
    z-index: 2;
    width: 100%;
    background-color: #EFEFF4;
    -webkit-transition: -webkit-transform .3s;
    transition: -webkit-transform .3s;
    transition: transform .3s;
    transition: transform .3s, -webkit-transform .3s;
}
.weui_actionsheet_toggle {
    -webkit-transform: translate(0, 0);
    transform: translate(0, 0);
}

9. 透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？

    一堆iconfont. ( *・ω・)✄╰ひ╯

10. 透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？

    略. ( *・ω・)✄╰ひ╯

11. Tab

    Navbar:

    透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？:

    略. ( *・ω・)✄╰ひ╯

12. 透過微信的WeUI可以學到哪些知識？

    无焦点状态:

    有焦点状态:

<p class="weui_search_bar weui_search_focusing" id="search_bar">
    <form class="weui_search_outer">
        <!-- 搜索框有焦点时的搜索图标, 搜索框和清空按钮 -->
        <p class="weui_search_inner">
            <i class="weui_icon_search"></i>
            <input type="search" class="weui_search_input" id="search_input" placeholder="搜索" required="">
            <a href="javascript:" class="weui_icon_clear" id="search_clear"></a>
        </p>
        <!-- 搜索框没有焦点时的显示 -->
        <label for="search_input" class="weui_search_text" id="search_text">
            <i class="weui_icon_search"></i>
            <span>搜索</span>
        </label>
    </form>
    <!-- 搜索框有焦点时的取消键 -->
    <a href="javascript:" class="weui_search_cancel" id="search_cancel">取消</a>
</p>

    这里我最好奇的是, 当用户点击搜索框时, 弹出的键盘上右下角的按键是"搜索"而不是"换行".

    我测试的效果是, 在微信中点击搜索框时键盘显示"搜索"按键, 在Safari中打开时则显示"换行".

    这就很诡异了, 说明微信做了什么手脚. 难道与JS有关?

    但是我在网上搜索了下, 发现只要确保input[type="search"]被form包围, 且form有action属性即可. 示例:

<form action="">
  <input type="search" name="search" placeholder="search">
</form>

    但是WeUI的实现中,form并没有action属性, 所以暂时不知道WeUI是如何做的.

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