MySQL之——如何防止人為誤操作MySQL資料庫

今天，一位原公司的同事，打電話來問我說誤操作了資料庫數據，如何恢復。他原本的想法是登入資料庫update一個記錄，結果忘了加where，於是悲劇發生了。今天，我們不講如何恢復誤操作的數據，我們講講如何從源頭避免這樣的問題，這才是避免類似問題的根本措施。好了。我們直接進入主題：

1、MySQL幫助說明

[root@liuyazhuang151 ~]# mysql --help|grep dummy        
 -U, --i-am-a-dummy Synonym for option --safe-updates, -U.  
i-am-a-dummy      FALSE

在mysql指令加上選項-U後，當發出沒有WHERE或LIMIT關鍵字的UPDATE或DELETE時，mysql程式就會拒絕執行

2、指定-U登入測試

[root@liuyazhuang151 ~]# mysql -uroot -proot -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -U  
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.  
Your MySQL connection id is 14  
Server version: 5.5.32-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)  
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.  
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its  
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective  
owners.  
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.  
mysql> delete from oldboy.student;  
ERROR 1175 (HY000): You are using safe update mode and you tried to update a table without a WHERE that uses a KEY column  
mysql> quit  
Bye

提示：不加條件無法刪除，目的達到。

3、做成別名防止他人和DBA誤操作

[root@liuyazhuang151 ~]# alias mysql='mysql -U'  
[root@liuyazhuang151 ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock  
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.  
Your MySQL connection id is 15  
Server version: 5.5.32-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)  
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.  
mysql> delete from oldboy.student;  
ERROR 1175 (HY000): You are using safe update mode and you tried to update a table without a WHERE that uses a KEY column  
mysql> delete from oldboy.student where Sno=5;  
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)  
mysql> quit  
Bye  
[root@liuyazhuang151 ~]# echo "alias mysql='mysql -U'" >>/etc/profile  
[root@liuyazhuang151 ~]# . /etc/profile  
[root@liuyazhuang151 ~]# tail -1 /etc/profile  
alias mysql='mysql -U'

4、結論：

在MySQL命令加上選項-U後，當發出沒有WHERE或LIMIT關鍵字的UPDATE或DELETE命令加上選項-U後，當發出沒有WHERE或LIMIT關鍵字的UPDATE或DELETE命令時， mysql程式拒絕執行

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