java讀取解析xml檔案實例

讀取本地的xml文件，透過DOM解析，DOM解析的特點就是把整個xml文件裝載入記憶體中，形成一顆DOM樹形結構，樹結構是方便遍歷和操縱。

DOM解析的特性就是讀取xml檔轉換為 dom樹狀結構，透過節點進行遍歷。

這是W3c關於節點的概念

如果xml中包含有大量的數據，由於dom一次把xml裝入內存中的特性，所以dom不適合包含大量數據的xml解析。當包含有大量xml的時候，用SAX進行解析比較節省記憶體。

下面是一個運用DOM進行解析xml檔的範例：

xml檔結構如下：

 
 
 Giada De Laurentiis
 2005
 30.00
 
 
 
 J K. Rowling
 2005
 29.99
 
 
 
 James McGovern
 2003
 49.99
 
 
 
 Erik T. Ray
 2003
 39.95
 

建立解析xml的類別如下：

package xml.dom;
 
import java.io.File;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
 
public class ReadXmlFile {
  
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  
 try{
   
  File xmlFile = new File("src/resource/book.xml");
   
  DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
   
  DocumentBuilder builder = builderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
   
  Document doc = builder.parse(xmlFile);
   
  doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();
   
  System.out.println("Root element: "+doc.getDocumentElement().getNodeName());
   
  NodeList nList = doc.getElementsByTagName("book");
   
  for(int i = 0 ; i
解析結果：
Root element: bookstore
Node name: book
----------------------------
book category: cooking
title name: Everyday Italian
author name: Giada De Laurentiis
year :2005
price : 30.00
-------------------------
Node name: book
----------------------------
book category: children
title name: Harry Potter
author name: J K. Rowling
year :2005
price : 29.99
-------------------------
Node name: book
----------------------------
book category: web
title name: XQuery Kick Start
author name: James McGovern
year :2003
price : 49.99
-------------------------
Node name: book
----------------------------
book category: web
title name: Learning XML
author name: Erik T. Ray
year :2003
price : 39.95
-------------------------
package xml.dom;
 
import java.io.File;
 
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
 
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
 
public class ReadXmlFile2 {
  
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 try{
   
  File xmlFile = new File("src/resource/book.xml");
   
  DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
   
  DocumentBuilder builder = builderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
   
  Document doc = builder.parse(xmlFile);
   
  doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();
   
  System.out.println("Root element: "+doc.getDocumentElement().getNodeName());
   
   
  if(doc.hasChildNodes()){
   
  printNode(doc.getChildNodes());
  }
 }catch(Exception e){
  
 e.printStackTrace();
  
 }
  
 }
  
 public static void printNode(NodeList nodeList){
 System.out.println("------------------------");
 // System.out.println(nodeList.getLength());
 for(int i = 0; i
下面利用循環節點的方式輸出：
循環節點輸出方式的程式碼如下：
Root element: bookstore
------------------------
node name: bookstore
node value: 
  
 Everyday Italian
 Giada De Laurentiis
 2005
 30.00
  
  
 Harry Potter
 J K. Rowling
 2005
 29.99
  
  
 XQuery Kick Start
 James McGovern
 2003
 49.99
  
  
 Learning XML
 Erik T. Ray
 2003
 39.95
  
 
------------------------
node name: book
node value: 
 Everyday Italian
 Giada De Laurentiis
 2005
 30.00
  
node name category
node value cooking
------------------------
node name: title
node value: Everyday Italian
node name lang
node value en
------------------------
node name: author
node value: Giada De Laurentiis
------------------------
node name: year
node value: 2005
------------------------
node name: price
node value: 30.00
------------------------
node name: book
node value: 
 Harry Potter
 J K. Rowling
 2005
 29.99
  
node name category
node value children
------------------------
node name: title
node value: Harry Potter
node name lang
node value en
------------------------
node name: author
node value: J K. Rowling
------------------------
node name: year
node value: 2005
------------------------
node name: price
node value: 29.99
------------------------
node name: book
node value: 
 XQuery Kick Start
 James McGovern
 2003
 49.99
  
node name category
node value web
------------------------
node name: title
node value: XQuery Kick Start
node name lang
node value en
------------------------
node name: author
node value: James McGovern
------------------------
node name: year
node value: 2003
------------------------
node name: price
node value: 49.99
------------------------
node name: book
node value: 
 Learning XML
 Erik T. Ray
 2003
 39.95
  
node name category
node value web
node name cover
node value paperback
------------------------
node name: title
node value: Learning XML
node name lang
node value en
------------------------
node name: author
node value: Erik T. Ray
------------------------
node name: year
node value: 2003
------------------------
node name: price
node value: 39.95
------------------------
輸出結果如下：


Giada De Laurentiis
2005
30.00
關於節點的問題：
rrreee
對於book應用：doc.getChildNodes() 得到一個NodeListreee
對於book應用：doc.getChildNodes() 得到一個Node其中NodeListreee
對於book應用：doc.getChildNodes() 得到一個NodeListreee？長度為9
9個節點分別如下：
title節點
lang節點  
Everyday節點
 author節點 
Giada De Laurentiis節點
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