如何在 C# 中將檔案副檔名與應用程式關聯？

將檔案副檔名與應用程式關聯

要將檔案副檔名與應用程式關聯，您可以將一個鍵新增至HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT。這是一個可在任何作業系統上使用的可重複使用方法：

public static void SetAssociation(string Extension, string KeyName, string OpenWith, string FileDescription)
{
    RegistryKey BaseKey;
    RegistryKey OpenMethod;
    RegistryKey Shell;
    RegistryKey CurrentUser;

    BaseKey = Registry.ClassesRoot.CreateSubKey(Extension);
    BaseKey.SetValue("", KeyName);

    OpenMethod = Registry.ClassesRoot.CreateSubKey(KeyName);
    OpenMethod.SetValue("", FileDescription);
    OpenMethod.CreateSubKey("DefaultIcon").SetValue("", "\"" + OpenWith + "\",0");
    Shell = OpenMethod.CreateSubKey("Shell");
    Shell.CreateSubKey("edit").CreateSubKey("command").SetValue("", "\"" + OpenWith + "\"" + " \"%1\"");
    Shell.CreateSubKey("open").CreateSubKey("command").SetValue("", "\"" + OpenWith + "\"" + " \"%1\"");
    BaseKey.Close();
    OpenMethod.Close();
    Shell.Close();

    CurrentUser = Registry.CurrentUser.CreateSubKey(@"HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\FileExts\" + Extension);
    CurrentUser = CurrentUser.OpenSubKey("UserChoice", RegistryKeyPermissionCheck.ReadWriteSubTree, System.Security.AccessControl.RegistryRights.FullControl);
    CurrentUser.SetValue("Progid", KeyName, RegistryValueKind.String);
    CurrentUser.Close();
}

要使用此方法，您可以使用適當的參數來呼叫它：

SetAssociation(".ucs", "UCS_Editor_File", Application.ExecutablePath, "UCS File"); 

注意： 使用「CurrentUser」的程式碼段，如果使用regedit執行相同的操作，似乎可以工作，但使用您的應用程式則不行。這是因為您的應用程式可能沒有修改註冊表所需的權限。您可以嘗試以管理員身份執行應用程序，看看是否可以解決此問題。

範例用法：

以下是如何使用SetAssociation方法的完整範例：

public class FileAssociation
{
    public string Extension { get; set; }
    public string ProgId { get; set; }
    public string FileTypeDescription { get; set; }
    public string ExecutableFilePath { get; set; }
}

public class FileAssociations
{
    // 更新注册表后，需要刷新资源管理器窗口
    [System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("Shell32.dll")]
    private static extern int SHChangeNotify(int eventId, int flags, IntPtr item1, IntPtr item2);

    private const int SHCNE_ASSOCCHANGED = 0x8000000;
    private const int SHCNF_FLUSH = 0x1000;

    public static void EnsureAssociationsSet()
    {
        var filePath = Process.GetCurrentProcess().MainModule.FileName;
        EnsureAssociationsSet(
            new FileAssociation
            {
                Extension = ".ucs",
                ProgId = "UCS_Editor_File",
                FileTypeDescription = "UCS File",
                ExecutableFilePath = filePath
            });
    }

    public static void EnsureAssociationsSet(params FileAssociation[] associations)
    {
        bool madeChanges = false;
        foreach (var association in associations)
        {
            madeChanges |= SetAssociation(
                association.Extension,
                association.ProgId,
                association.FileTypeDescription,
                association.ExecutableFilePath);
        }

        if (madeChanges)
        {
            SHChangeNotify(SHCNE_ASSOCCHANGED, SHCNF_FLUSH, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
        }
    }

    public static bool SetAssociation(string extension, string progId, string fileTypeDescription, string applicationFilePath)
    {
        bool madeChanges = false;
        madeChanges |= SetKeyDefaultValue(@"Software\Classes\" + extension, progId);
        madeChanges |= SetKeyDefaultValue(@"Software\Classes\" + progId, fileTypeDescription);
        madeChanges |= SetKeyDefaultValue($@"Software\Classes\{progId}\shell\open\command", "\"" + applicationFilePath + "\" \"%1\"");
        return madeChanges;
    }

    private static bool SetKeyDefaultValue(string keyPath, string value)
    {
        using (var key = Registry.CurrentUser.CreateSubKey(keyPath))
        {
            if (key.GetValue(null) as string != value)
            {
                key.SetValue(null, value);
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    }
}

然後，您可以呼叫FileAssociations.EnsureAssociationsSet() 將指定的檔案副檔名與指定的應用程式關聯。

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