設計和實現 React 應用程式的 Ant Design 全球應用程式之旅。

使用者導覽對於 Web 應用程式來說是一項非常寶貴的可用性功能。它們可以讓您有效地吸引新用戶，並提供逐步指南來幫助他們了解軟體。導覽也可以作為重複任務或進階功能的快速參考。

目標：跨頁面遊覽解決方案

我們的目標是建立一個解決方案，讓您能夠在 React 應用程式中建立跨多個頁面的入門體驗。這是它的樣子：

Ant Design Tour：本地解決方案

Ant Design 提供了 Tour 元件來建立互動式指南。但是，它有一些限制：

• 它在單一元件中本地工作。
• 它嚴重依賴 React refs，這使得跨多個頁面的應用程式不太靈活。

這是官方文件中的一個範例，示範了基本的本地實作：

import React, { useRef, useState } from 'react';
import { EllipsisOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons';
import { Button, Divider, Space, Tour } from 'antd';

const App = () => {
  const ref1 = useRef(null);
  const ref2 = useRef(null);
  const ref3 = useRef(null);

  const [open, setOpen] = useState(false);

  const steps = [
    { title: 'Upload File', description: 'Put your files here.', target: () => ref1.current },
    { title: 'Save', description: 'Save your changes.', target: () => ref2.current },
    { title: 'Other Actions', description: 'Click to see other actions.', target: () => ref3.current },
  ];

  return (
    <>
      <Button type="primary" onClick={() => setOpen(true)}>Begin Tour</Button>
      <Divider />
      <Space>
        <Button ref={ref1}>Upload</Button>
        <Button ref={ref2} type="primary">Save</Button>
        <Button ref={ref3} icon={<EllipsisOutlined />} />
      </Space>
      <Tour open={open} onClose={() => setOpen(false)} steps={steps} />
    </>
  );
};

export default App;

雖然此實作對於單頁效果很好，但在 React 應用程式中跨頁面遊覽的場景中卻表現不佳。

---

我們的實作方式如下：

---

前置步驟，app.jsx，routes.jsx，routesNames.js :

import { RouterProvider } from "react-router-dom";
import AppRouter from "./routes";

export default function App() {
  return <RouterProvider router={AppRouter} />;
}

export const ROUTE_NAMES = {
  HOME: "/",
  ABOUT: "/about",
};

import AppLayout from "./AppLayout";
import { createBrowserRouter } from "react-router-dom";
import { ROUTE_NAMES } from "./routeNames";
import { Home } from "./components/Home";
import { About } from "./components/About";
import { Result } from "antd";
import {TourProvider} from "./TourContext";

const GetItem = (label, key, icon, to, children = [], type) => {
  return !to
    ? {
      key,
      icon,
      children,
      label,
      type,
    }
    : {
      key,
      icon,
      to,
      label,
    };
};

const GetRoute = (path, element, params = null) => {
  return {
    path,
    element,
  };
};

const WithAppLayout = (Component) => <TourProvider><AppLayout>{Component}</AppLayout></TourProvider>;

export const routeItems = [
  GetItem("Home", "home", null, ROUTE_NAMES.HOME),
  GetItem("About", "about", null, ROUTE_NAMES.ABOUT),
];

const AppRouter = createBrowserRouter([
  GetRoute(ROUTE_NAMES.HOME, WithAppLayout(<Home />)),
  GetRoute(ROUTE_NAMES.ABOUT, WithAppLayout(<About />)),
  GetRoute(
    "*",
    <Result
      status="404"
      title="404"
      subTitle="Sorry, the page you visited does not exist."
    />
  ),
]);

export default AppRouter;

第 1 步：設定全球巡迴環境

我們使用 React Context 來管理遊覽的全域狀態，包括活動的遊覽步驟。

import React, { createContext, useState, useEffect } from "react";
import { useNavigate } from "react-router-dom";
import { APP_TOURS } from "./steps";

const TourContext = createContext();

export const TourProvider = ({ children }) => {
  const [isTourActive, setTourActive] = useState(false);
  const navigate = useNavigate();

  useEffect(() => {
    if (isTourActive) {
      navigate("/home"); // Redirect to the starting point of the tour
    }
  }, [isTourActive, navigate]);

  return (
    <TourContext.Provider value={{ isTourActive, setTourActive, steps: APP_TOURS }}>
      {children}
    </TourContext.Provider>
  );
};

export default TourContext;

---

第 2 步：定義全球巡迴步驟

我們使用 querySelector 透過自訂 data-tour-id 屬性動態取得元素，而不是 React refs。

const getTourStepElement = (id) => document.querySelector(`[data-tour-id="${id}"]`);

export const APP_TOURS = {
  "/home": [
    { title: "Upload File", description: "Put your files here.", target: () => getTourStepElement("upload") },
    { title: "Save", description: "Save your changes.", target: () => getTourStepElement("save") },
    { type: "navigate", to: "/about", title: "About Us", description: "Learn more about us." },
  ],
  "/about": [
    { title: "About Us", description: "Here's what we are all about.", target: () => getTourStepElement("about") },
  ],
};

---

第 3 步：建立全球遊覽組件

此元件動態處理跨頁面的導航和步驟。

import React, { useContext } from "react";
import { Tour } from "antd";
import { useNavigate } from "react-router-dom";
import TourContext from "./TourContext";

export const GlobalTour = () => {
  const { isTourActive, steps, setTourActive } = useContext(TourContext);
  const navigate = useNavigate();

  return (
    <Tour
      open={isTourActive}
      onClose={() => setTourActive(false)}
      steps={steps}
      onChange={(current) => {
        const step = steps[current];
        if (step.type === "navigate") {
          navigate(step.to);
        }
      }}
    />
  );
};

第 4 步：整合到應用程式佈局中

遊覽無縫整合到佈局中，可從任何頁面存取。

import React, { useContext } from "react";
import { Layout, Button } from "antd";
import { Link } from "react-router-dom";
import TourContext from "./TourContext";
import { GlobalTour } from "./GlobalTour";

const { Header, Content, Footer } = Layout;

const AppLayout = ({ children }) => {
  const { setTourActive } = useContext(TourContext);

  return (
    <Layout>
      <Header>
        <Link to="/home">Home</Link>
        <Link to="/about">About</Link>
        <Button onClick={() => setTourActive(true)}>Start Tour</Button>
      </Header>
      <Content>{children}</Content>
      <Footer>© {new Date().getFullYear()} My App</Footer>
      <GlobalTour />
    </Layout>
  );
};

export default AppLayout;

第 5 步：新增步驟遊覽 ID

由於我們的遊覽跨越多個頁面，我們將為我們想要在步驟中突出顯示的每個組件分配 data-tour-id

import { Button, Space } from "antd";
import { EllipsisOutlined } from "@ant-design/icons";
export const Home = () => {
  return (
    <>
      <Button data-tour-id="upload" >Upload</Button>
      <Button data-tour-id="save" type="primary">
        Save
      </Button>
      <Button data-tour-id="actions" icon={<EllipsisOutlined />} />
    </>
  );
};

export const About = () => {
  return <div data-tour-id="about">About</div>;
};

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