在 Laravel 中使用多個資料庫
Laravel 的多功能性擴展到同時處理多個資料庫。請依照下列步驟完成此動作:
定義連線
使用.env >= 5.0:
DB_CONNECTION=mysql DB_HOST=127.0.0.1 DB_PORT=3306 DB_DATABASE=mysql_database DB_USERNAME=root DB_PASSWORD=secret DB_CONNECTION_PGSQL=pgsql DB_HOST_PGSQL=127.0.0.1 DB_PORT_PGSQL=5432 DB_DATABASE_PGSQL=pgsql_database DB_USERNAME_PGSQL=root DB_PASSWORD_PGSQL=secret
在config/database.php中:
'mysql' => [ 'driver' => env('DB_CONNECTION'), 'host' => env('DB_HOST'), 'port' => env('DB_PORT'), 'database' => env('DB_DATABASE'), 'username' => env('DB_USERNAME'), 'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD'), ], 'pgsql' => [ 'driver' => env('DB_CONNECTION_PGSQL'), 'host' => env('DB_HOST_PGSQL'), 'port' => env('DB_PORT_PGSQL'), 'database' => env('DB_DATABASE_PGSQL'), 'username' => env('DB_USERNAME_PGSQL'), 'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD_PGSQL'), ],
沒有.env
在app/config/database.php:
return array( 'default' => 'mysql', 'connections' => array( # Primary/Default database connection 'mysql' => array( 'driver' => 'mysql', 'host' => '127.0.0.1', 'database' => 'mysql_database', 'username' => 'root', 'password' => 'secret' 'charset' => 'utf8', 'collation' => 'utf8_unicode_ci', 'prefix' => '', ), # Secondary database connection 'pgsql' => [ 'driver' => 'pgsql', 'host' => 'localhost', 'port' => '5432', 'database' => 'pgsql_database', 'username' => 'root', 'password' => 'secret', 'charset' => 'utf8', 'prefix' => '', 'schema' => 'public', ] ), );
架構/遷移
使用connection( )方法指定連接:
Schema::connection('pgsql')->create('some_table', function($table) { $table->increments('id'): });
或者,在頂部:
protected $connection = 'pgsql';
查詢產生器
$users = DB::connection('pgsql')->select(...);
模型
(Laravel >= 5.0)
class ModelName extends Model { // extend changed protected $connection = 'pgsql'; }在您的中設定 $connection 變數模型:
class SomeModel extends Eloquent { protected $connection = 'pgsql'; }(Laravel Eloquent
交易模式
DB::transaction(function () { DB::connection('mysql')->table('users')->update(['name' => 'John']); DB::connection('pgsql')->table('orders')->update(['status' => 'shipped']); });
DB::connection('mysql')->beginTransaction(); try { DB::connection('mysql')->table('users')->update(['name' => 'John']); DB::connection('pgsql')->beginTransaction(); DB::connection('pgsql')->table('orders')->update(['status' => 'shipped']); DB::connection('pgsql')->commit(); DB::connection('mysql')->commit(); } catch (\Exception $e) { DB::connection('mysql')->rollBack(); DB::connection('pgsql')->rollBack(); throw $e; }或
class SomeController extends BaseController { public function someMethod() { $someModel = new SomeModel; $someModel->setConnection('pgsql'); // non-static method $something = $someModel->find(1); $something = SomeModel::on('pgsql')->find(1); // static method return $something; } }您也可以在運作時指定連線:
關係注意事項跨資料庫建立關係是可能的,但需要小心處理。它依賴於所使用的特定資料庫和設定。
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