基於 JSON 結構建立 WordPress 外掛選項

有一天，我想知道如何讓 WordPress 外掛選項由 JSON 檔案控制，以便將來可以更輕鬆地添加其他設置，而無需調整程式碼本身。

本文提供了一個極其簡單的 WordPress 外掛範例，該外掛程式的單一設定頁面由 2 個部分和 3 個欄位/選項組成。

完整程式碼可以在Github上找到。

設定基地

該插件最初由 3 個檔案組成。

• adventures.json
• adventures.php
• class.adventures.php

adventures.php 附有基本外掛程式註冊：

<?php /*
Plugin Name: Adventures
Plugin URI: https://mortenhartvig.dk
Description: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed pharetra nisi eu varius pellentesque. Aenean posuere, velit mollis sodales convallis, ipsum lectus feugiat nunc, ac auctor sapien enim eu metus.
Version: 1
Requires at least: 6.1
Requires PHP: 8.3
Author: Morten Hartvig
Author URI: https://mortenhartvig.dk
License: Do whatever you want
*/

define('ADV__PLUGIN_DIR', plugin_dir_path(__FILE__));
define('ADV__PLUGIN_VIEW', ADV__PLUGIN_DIR . 'views');
define('ADV__PLUGIN_SLUG', 'adv');

require_once ADV__PLUGIN_DIR . 'class.adventures.php';

(new Adventures());

class.adventures.php 帶有一個空類別：

<?php class Adventures {
    public function __construct() {

    }
}

adventures.json 包含插件設定的 JSON 結構：

{
    "settings": {
        "pages": [
            {
                "title": "Adventures",
                "capability": "manage_options",
                "slug": "adv"
            }
        ],
        "sections": [
            {
                "id": "portal_base",
                "title": "Base configuration",
                "description": "Lorem 1, ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Cumque nulla in officiis. Laborum quisquam illo eaque, deserunt facere mollitia sint doloremque maiores, obcaecati reiciendis voluptate itaque iure fugiat quia architecto!",
                "view": "section"
            },
            {
                "id": "portal_appearance",
                "title": "Appearance",
                "description": "Lorem 2, ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Cumque nulla in officiis. Laborum quisquam illo eaque, deserunt facere mollitia sint doloremque maiores, obcaecati reiciendis voluptate itaque iure fugiat quia architecto!",
                "view": "section"
            }
        ],
        "fields": [
            {
                "id": "adv_portal_key",
                "title": "Portal Key",
                "section": "portal_base",
                "type": "text",
                "placeholder": "Enter your portal key",
                "view": "field.text"
            },
            {
                "id": "adv_api_host",
                "title": "Host API",
                "section": "portal_base",
                "type": "text",
                "placeholder": "Enter API host",
                "default": "https://api.mortenhartvig.dk",
                "view": "field.text"
            },
            {
                "id": "adv_portal_theme",
                "title": "Theme",
                "section": "portal_appearance",
                "type": "select",
                "options": {
                    "rounded.v1": "Round (V1)",
                    "squared.v1": "Square (V1)",
                    "standard": "Standard"
                },
                "default": "standard",
                "view": "field.select"
            }
        ]
    }
}

讀取 JSON 數據

為您的設定建立一個屬性並呼叫 set_settings():

private $settings;

public function __construct() {
    $this->set_settings();
}

建立 set_settings() 和 get_json_data():

private function set_settings() {
    $data = $this->get_json_data();

    $this->settings = $data['settings'];
}

private function get_json_data() {
    $file = ADV__PLUGIN_DIR . 'adventures.json';

    if (!file_exists($file)) {
        die('adventures.json not found');
    }

    return json_decode(file_get_contents($file), true);
}

如果您將骰子(print_r($this->settings)) 新增至您的 __construct，您可以確認您確實已載入設定。

設定頁面

從建構子呼叫 init_hooks():

public function __construct() {
    $this->set_settings();
    $this->init_hooks();
}

建立init_hooks():

private function init_hooks() {
    add_action('admin_menu', [$this, 'register_settings_pages']);
}

建立register_settings_pages()和settings_page_callback()。

public function register_settings_pages() {
    foreach ($this->settings['pages'] as $page) {
        add_options_page($page['title'], $page['title'], $page['capability'], $page['slug'], [$this, 'settings_page_callback']);    
    }
}

public function settings_page_callback() {
    $this->render('settings.php');
}

建立渲染():

private function render($filename, $args) {
    if (is_array($args)) {
        $value = get_option($args['id']);

        if (empty($value) && isset($args['default'])) {
            $value = $args['default'];
        }

        $args = array_merge($args, ['value' => $value]);
    }

    $file = ADV__PLUGIN_VIEW . $filename;

    if (!str_ends_with($file,'.php')) {
        $file .= '.php';
    }

    if(!file_exists($file)) {
        die('File not found ' . $filename);
    }

    require $file;
}

建立views/settings.php：

<div>



<p><img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/000/173390329693560.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,p_40" class="lazy" alt="Creating WordPress plugin options based on a JSON structure"></p>

<h3>
  
  
  Sections
</h3>

<p>Add another action in init_hooks:<br>
</p>

<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">private function init_hooks() {
    add_action('admin_menu', [$this, 'register_settings_pages']);
    add_action('admin_init', [$this, 'register_settings_sections']);
}

建立register_settings_sections()和settings_section_callback():

public function register_settings_sections() {
    foreach ($this->settings['sections'] as $section) {
        add_settings_section($section['id'], $section['title'], [$this, 'settings_section_callback'], ADV__PLUGIN_SLUG, $section);
    }
}

public function settings_section_callback($args) {
    $this->render($args['view'], $args);
}

建立views/section.php：

<p>
    <?php echo $args['description']; ?>
</p>

領域

在 init_hooks 中新增第三個操作：

private function init_hooks() {
    add_action('admin_menu', [$this, 'register_settings_pages']);
    add_action('admin_init', [$this, 'register_settings_sections']);
    add_action('admin_init', [$this, 'register_settings_fields']);
}

建立register_settings_fields()和settings_field_callback():

public function register_settings_fields() {
    foreach ($this->settings['fields'] as $field) {
        add_settings_field($field['id'], $field['title'], [$this, 'settings_field_callback'], ADV__PLUGIN_SLUG, $field['section'], $field);

        register_setting(ADV__PLUGIN_SLUG, $field['id']);
    }
}

public function settings_field_callback($args) {
    $this->render($args['view'], $args);
}

建立views/field.select.php：

<?php $html_options = '';

foreach ($args['options'] as $key => $val) {
    $html_options .= sprintf('<option value="%s">%s</option>', $key, selected($args['value'], $key, false), $val);
}

printf('<select name="%s">



<p>Create views/field.text.php:<br>
</p>

<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"><?php printf('<input name="%s">



<h3>
  
  
  Saving
</h3>

<p>To view and save your options add a form to settings.php:<br>
</p>

<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"><div>



<p>Change an option and attempt to <em>Save</em>. The save should be successful.</p>

<p><img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/000/173390329893991.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,p_40" class="lazy" alt="Creating WordPress plugin options based on a JSON structure"></p>

<p>Your settings are now saved and can be accessed throughout the site via:<br>
</p>

<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"><?php echo get_option('adv_portal_theme'); // squared.v1

新增字段

將以下 JSON 加入 Adventures.json：

{
    "id": "adv_api_token",
    "title": "Host API Token",
    "section": "portal_base",
    "type": "text",
    "placeholder": "Enter API host token",
    "default": "",
    "view": "field.text"
}

它將自動添加到您的設定中：