哪些標準庫包在 Go Playground 中受到限制，為什麼？

Go Playground 中的限制導入

Go Playground 提供了一個方便的測試 Go 程式碼片段的環境。但是，對於可以在 Playground 中匯入哪些套件有一定的限制。

了解限制

Playground 中的「關於」按鈕包含以下資訊：

「Playground 可以使用大部分標準庫，但也有一些例外。」

此聲明澄清了來自標準庫的套件通常可以導入，但不是全部。

從標準庫匯入

標準庫包列在「包」頁面的「標準庫」部分下。但是，「其他」部分下列出的軟體包（例如 golang.org/x/exp/ebnf）無法在 Playground 中匯入。

為什麼有限制？

Playground 的導入限制主要是出於安全性和功能的考量。導入外部套件會帶來安全風險和效能問題，尤其是在 Playground 不受限制的環境中。

標準庫導入的全面測試

為了演示標準庫包的可導入性，以下程式碼片段導入標準庫中的每個包（不包括那些沒有可構建的Go 源文件的包）：

package main

import (
    _ "archive/tar"
    _ "archive/zip"

    _ "bufio"
    _ "bytes"

    _ "compress/bzip2"
    _ "compress/flate"
    _ "compress/gzip"
    _ "compress/lzw"
    _ "compress/zlib"

    _ "container/heap"
    _ "container/list"
    _ "container/ring"

    _ "crypto"
    _ "crypto/aes"
    _ "crypto/cipher"
    _ "crypto/des"
    _ "crypto/dsa"
    _ "crypto/ecdsa"
    _ "crypto/elliptic"
    _ "crypto/hmac"
    _ "crypto/md5"
    _ "crypto/rand"
    _ "crypto/rc4"
    _ "crypto/rsa"
    _ "crypto/sha1"
    _ "crypto/sha256"
    _ "crypto/sha512"
    _ "crypto/subtle"
    _ "crypto/tls"
    _ "crypto/x509"
    _ "crypto/x509/pkix"

    _ "database/sql"
    _ "database/sql/driver"

    _ "debug/dwarf"
    _ "debug/elf"
    _ "debug/gosym"
    _ "debug/macho"
    _ "debug/pe"
    _ "debug/plan9obj"

    _ "encoding"
    _ "encoding/ascii85"
    _ "encoding/asn1"
    _ "encoding/base32"
    _ "encoding/base64"
    _ "encoding/binary"
    _ "encoding/csv"
    _ "encoding/gob"
    _ "encoding/hex"
    _ "encoding/json"
    _ "encoding/pem"
    _ "encoding/xml"

    _ "errors"
    _ "expvar"
    _ "flag"
    _ "fmt"

    _ "go/ast"
    _ "go/build"
    _ "go/constant"
    _ "go/doc"
    _ "go/format"
    _ "go/importer"
    _ "go/parser"
    _ "go/printer"
    _ "go/scanner"
    _ "go/token"
    _ "go/types"

    _ "hash"
    _ "hash/adler32"
    _ "hash/crc32"
    _ "hash/crc64"
    _ "hash/fnv"

    _ "html"
    _ "html/template"

    _ "image"
    _ "image/color"
    _ "image/color/palette"
    _ "image/draw"
    _ "image/gif"
    _ "image/jpeg"
    _ "image/png"

    _ "index/suffixarray"

    _ "io"
    _ "io/ioutil"

    _ "log"
    _ "log/syslog"

    _ "math"
    _ "math/big"
    _ "math/cmplx"
    _ "math/rand"

    _ "mime"
    _ "mime/multipart"
    _ "mime/quotedprintable"

    _ "net"
    _ "net/http"
    _ "net/http/cgi"
    _ "net/http/cookiejar"
    _ "net/http/fcgi"
    _ "net/http/httptest"
    _ "net/http/httputil"
    _ "net/http/pprof"
    _ "net/mail"
    _ "net/rpc"
    _ "net/rpc/jsonrpc"
    _ "net/smtp"
    _ "net/textproto"
    _ "net/url"

    _ "os"
    _ "os/exec"
    _ "os/signal"
    _ "os/user"

    _ "path"
    _ "path/filepath"

    _ "reflect"
    _ "regexp"
    _ "regexp/syntax"

    // _ "runtime/cgo"  // ERROR: missing Go type information
                        // for global symbol: .dynsym size 60
    _ "runtime/debug"
    _ "runtime/pprof"
    _ "runtime/race"
    _ "runtime/trace"

    _ "sort"
    _ "strconv"
    _ "strings"
    _ "sync"
    _ "sync/atomic"
    _ "syscall"

    _ "testing"
    _ "testing/iotest"
    _ "testing/quick"

    _ "text/scanner"
    _ "text/tabwriter"
    _ "text/template"
    _ "text/template/parse"

    _ "time"
    _ "unicode"
    _ "unicode/utf16"
    _ "unicode/utf8"
    _ "unsafe"
)

func main() {
    println("ok")
}

在Playground 中嘗試看看可導入包的詳盡列表。

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