當 ES6 類別本身不支援類別變數時，如何管理類別變數？

Class Variable Alternatives in ES6

In ES5, developers often used a comfortable pattern to create classes and class variables, as demonstrated in the following code:

// ES 5
FrameWork.Class({

    variable: 'string',
    variable2: true,

    init: function(){

    },

    addItem: function(){

    }

});

However, in ES6, creating classes natively doesn't include the option to have class variables, as shown below:

// ES6
class MyClass {
    const MY_CONST = 'string'; // <-- this is not possible in ES6
    constructor(){
        this.MY_CONST;
    }
}

This is because ES6 classes are restricted to containing methods. While it's possible to set this.myVar in the constructor, it's undesirable to clutter the constructor, especially with large classes.

Several approaches have been considered to address this issue, including:

• Creating a ClassConfig handler: Pass a parameter object to the handler, which is declared separately from the class. The handler would then attach to the class. WeakMaps could potentially be integrated for this purpose.
• A stage 3 proposal: This proposal allows declaring variables within a class declaration/expression body using the syntax varName = value. It's expected to become obsolete in the future.
• Setting constructor variables: While not a perfect solution, constructor(){ this.foo = bar } can be used to set instance variables.
• ES7 property initializers: A new proposal for ES7 allows declaring more concise instance variables using class declarations and expressions.

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