在海龜圖形中,可以實現註冊多個按鍵來觸發所需的操作。一個常見的例子是,當同時按下向上和向右箭頭鍵時,讓海龜沿著對角線移動。
請考慮以下程式碼片段作為起點:
<code class="python">import turtle flynn = turtle.Turtle() win = turtle.Screen() win.bgcolor("LightBlue") flynn.pensize(7) flynn.pencolor("lightBlue") win.listen() def Up(): flynn.setheading(90) flynn.forward(25) def Down(): flynn.setheading(270) flynn.forward(20) def Left(): flynn.setheading(180) flynn.forward(20) def Right(): flynn.setheading(0) flynn.forward(20) def upright(): flynn.setheading(45) flynn.forward(20) win.onkey(Up, "Up") win.onkey(Down,"Down") win.onkey(Left,"Left") win.onkey(Right,"Right")</code>
雖然此程式碼允許您執行單獨的按鍵操作,它不適合同時按下按鍵進行對角線移動。
另一種方法是採用排隊事件系統。按鍵事件不是在按鍵時直接執行操作,而是儲存在佇列中。然後,計時器會定期檢查佇列並執行排隊的操作。這種方法允許捕獲和組合多個按鍵。
以下程式碼示範了這個替代方法:
<code class="python">from turtle import Turtle, Screen win = Screen() flynn = Turtle('turtle') def process_events(): events = tuple(sorted(key_events)) if events and events in key_event_handlers: (key_event_handlers[events])() key_events.clear() win.ontimer(process_events, 200) def Up(): key_events.add('UP') def Down(): key_events.add('DOWN') def Left(): key_events.add('LEFT') def Right(): key_events.add('RIGHT') def move_up(): flynn.setheading(90) flynn.forward(25) def move_down(): flynn.setheading(270) flynn.forward(20) def move_left(): flynn.setheading(180) flynn.forward(20) def move_right(): flynn.setheading(0) flynn.forward(20) def move_up_right(): flynn.setheading(45) flynn.forward(20) def move_down_right(): flynn.setheading(-45) flynn.forward(20) def move_up_left(): flynn.setheading(135) flynn.forward(20) def move_down_left(): flynn.setheading(225) flynn.forward(20) key_event_handlers = { \ ('UP',): move_up, \ ('DOWN',): move_down, \ ('LEFT',): move_left, \ ('RIGHT',): move_right, \ ('RIGHT', 'UP'): move_up_right, \ ('DOWN', 'RIGHT'): move_down_right, \ ('LEFT', 'UP'): move_up_left, \ ('DOWN', 'LEFT'): move_down_left, \ } key_events = set() win.onkey(Up, "Up") win.onkey(Down, "Down") win.onkey(Left, "Left") win.onkey(Right, "Right") win.listen() process_events() win.mainloop()</code>
使用這種方法,當同時按下向上和向右箭頭鍵時,move_up_right函數被觸發,導致海龜沿對角線方向移動。
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