try中如何使用資源檔案和內存

我編寫了一小段程式碼來使用 openpdf 進行一些 pdf 加密，而 intellij 的 sonarlint 抱怨「資源應該關閉」更多詳細資訊請參見這裡

不合規

下面的範例 Java 程式碼

public class PasswordProtectedPDF {
    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(PasswordProtectedPDF.class.getName());
    static final String USER_PASSWORD = "111";
    static final String OWNER_PASSWORD = "111";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            File f = new File("1_protected.pdf");
            FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(f);
            File pdfFile = new File("1.pdf");
            PdfReader reader = new PdfReader(pdfFile.getPath());
            PdfStamper stamper = new PdfStamper(reader, out);

            HashMap<String, String> info = new HashMap<>();
            info.put("Producer", "");
            reader.getInfo().forEach((key, value) -> {
                logger.info("Key: " + key + ", Value: " + value);
            });
            stamper.setInfoDictionary(info);
            stamper.setEncryption(USER_PASSWORD.getBytes(), OWNER_PASSWORD.getBytes(), PdfWriter.ALLOW_PRINTING, PdfWriter.ENCRYPTION_AES_128);

            stamper.close();
            logger.info("Password protected PDF created successfully.");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.severe("Error creating password protected PDF: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

合規

public class PasswordProtectedPDF {
    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(PasswordProtectedPDF.class.getName());
    static final String USER_PASSWORD = "111";
    static final String OWNER_PASSWORD = "111";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (
                FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File("1_protected.pdf"));
                PdfReader reader = new PdfReader(new File("1.pdf").getPath())
        ) {
            PdfStamper stamper = new PdfStamper(reader, out);

            HashMap<String, String> info = new HashMap<>();
            info.put("Producer", "");
            reader.getInfo().forEach((key, value) -> {
                logger.info("Key: " + key + ", Value: " + value);
            });
            stamper.setInfoDictionary(info);
            stamper.setEncryption(USER_PASSWORD.getBytes(), OWNER_PASSWORD.getBytes(), PdfWriter.ALLOW_PRINTING, PdfWriter.ENCRYPTION_AES_128);

            stamper.close();
            logger.info("Password protected PDF created successfully.");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.severe("Error creating password protected PDF: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

只是提醒我們可以在 try 區塊中定義多個資源

try (
                FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File("1_protected.pdf"));
                PdfReader reader = new PdfReader(new File("1.pdf").getPath())
        )

在這裡找到完整的工作範例

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