嘗試使用 Snowflake (SiS) 中的 Streamlit 進行自然語言資料分析

介紹

Snowflake 發布了名為 Snowflake Copilot 的 LLM 助理功能作為預覽功能。使用 Snowflake Copilot，您可以使用自然語言分析表格資料。

另一方面，Snowflake (SiS) 中的 Streamlit 可讓您輕鬆整合生成式 AI 並安全地存取表格資料。這讓我思考：我們是否可以創造一個更主動的自然語言資料分析工具？因此，我開發了一個可以使用自然語言分析和視覺化資料的應用程式。

註：本文僅代表個人觀點，不代表Snowflake。

功能概述

目標

• 可供不熟悉 SQL 的業務使用者使用
• 能夠透過滑鼠操作選擇資料庫/模式/表進行分析
• 能夠分析非常模糊的自然語言查詢

實際截圖（節錄）

以下是使用 Cortex LLM (snowflake-arctic) 的分析結果摘錄。

注意：我們使用了這個葡萄酒品質資料集。

功能列表

• 選擇 Cortex LLM 進行分析
• 選擇資料庫/模式/表格進行分析
• 顯示所選表格的列資訊和樣本資料
• 使用使用者的自然語言輸入進行分析
  • 自動產生 SQL 進行分析
  • 自動執行產生的SQL
  • SQL查詢執行結果的顯示
  • Cortex LLM 提供的資料洞察
• 資料視覺化
  • Cortex LLM 進行適當的圖表選擇和顯示
  • Cortex LLM 的最終數據解釋

操作條件

• 可存取 Cortex LLM 的 Snowflake 帳戶
• snowflake-ml-python 1.1.2 或更高版本

防範措施

• 使用大型資料集時要小心，因為沒有設定資料限制
  • 產生的 SQL 查詢的大型結果集可能需要一些時間來處理
  • 大型結果集可能會導致 LLM 令牌限制錯誤

原始碼

from snowflake.snowpark.context import get_active_session
import streamlit as st
from snowflake.cortex import Complete as CompleteText
import snowflake.snowpark.functions as F
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import json
import plotly.express as px

# Get current session
session = get_active_session()

# Application title
st.title("Natural Language Data Analysis App")

# Cortex LLM settings
st.sidebar.title("Cortex LLM Settings")
lang_model = st.sidebar.radio("Select the language model you want to use", 
                              ("snowflake-arctic", "reka-flash", "reka-core", 
                               "mistral-large2", "mistral-large", "mixtral-8x7b", "mistral-7b", 
                               "llama3.1-405b", "llama3.1-70b", "llama3.1-8b", 
                               "llama3-70b", "llama3-8b", "llama2-70b-chat", 
                               "jamba-instruct", "gemma-7b")
)

# Function to escape column names
def escape_column_name(name):
    return f'"{name}"'

# Function to get table information
def get_table_info(database, schema, table):
    # Get column information
    columns = session.sql(f"DESCRIBE TABLE {database}.{schema}.{table}").collect()

    # Create DataFrame
    column_df = pd.DataFrame(columns)

    # Get row count
    row_count = session.sql(f"SELECT COUNT(*) as count FROM {database}.{schema}.{table}").collect()[0]['COUNT']

    # Get sample data
    sample_data = session.sql(f"SELECT * FROM {database}.{schema}.{table} LIMIT 5").collect()
    sample_df = pd.DataFrame(sample_data)

    return column_df, row_count, sample_df

# Data analysis function
def analyze(df, query):
    st.subheader("Result Analysis")

    # Display basic statistical information
    st.subheader("Basic Statistics")
    st.write(df.describe())

    # Use AI for data analysis
    analysis_prompt = f"""
    Based on the following dataframe and original question, please perform data analysis.
    Concisely explain in English the insights, trends, and anomalies derived from the data.
    If possible, please also mention the following points:
    1. Data distribution and characteristics
    2. Presence of abnormal values or outliers
    3. Correlations between columns (if there are multiple numeric columns)
    4. Time-series trends (if there is date or time data)
    5. Category-specific features (if data can be divided by categories)

    Dataframe:
    {df.to_string()}

    Original question:
    {query}
    """

    analysis = CompleteText(lang_model, analysis_prompt)
    st.write(analysis)

# Data visualization function
def smart_data_visualization(df):
    st.subheader("Smart Data Visualization")

    if df.empty:
        st.warning("The dataframe is empty. There is no data to visualize.")
        return

    # Request AI for graph suggestion
    columns_info = "\n".join([f"{col} - type: {df[col].dtype}" for col in df.columns])
    sample_data = df.head().to_string()

    visualization_prompt = f"""
    Analyze the information of the following dataframe and suggest the most appropriate graph type and the columns to use for its x-axis and y-axis.
    Consider the characteristics of the data to ensure a meaningful visualization.

    Column information:
    {columns_info}

    Sample data:
    {sample_data}

    Please provide only the following JSON data format as your response:
    {{
        "graph_type": "One of: scatter plot, bar chart, line chart, histogram, box plot",
        "x_axis": "Column name to use for x-axis",
        "y_axis": "Column name to use for y-axis (if applicable)",
        "explanation": "Brief explanation of the selection reason"
    }}
    """

    ai_suggestion = CompleteText(lang_model, visualization_prompt)

    try:
        suggestion = json.loads(ai_suggestion)
        graph_type = suggestion['graph_type']
        x_axis = suggestion['x_axis']
        y_axis = suggestion.get('y_axis')  # y-axis might not be needed in some cases
        explanation = suggestion['explanation']

        st.write(f"AI recommended graph: {graph_type}")
        st.write(f"Selection reason: {explanation}")

        if graph_type == "scatter plot":
            fig = px.scatter(df, x=x_axis, y=y_axis, title=f"{x_axis} vs {y_axis}")
        elif graph_type == "bar chart":
            fig = px.bar(df, x=x_axis, y=y_axis, title=f"{y_axis} by {x_axis}")
        elif graph_type == "line chart":
            fig = px.line(df, x=x_axis, y=y_axis, title=f"{y_axis} over {x_axis}")
        elif graph_type == "histogram":
            fig = px.histogram(df, x=x_axis, title=f"Distribution of {x_axis}")
        elif graph_type == "box plot":
            fig = px.box(df, x=x_axis, y=y_axis, title=f"Distribution of {y_axis} by {x_axis}")
        else:
            st.warning(f"Unsupported graph type: {graph_type}")
            return

        st.plotly_chart(fig)

    except json.JSONDecodeError:
        st.error("Failed to parse AI suggestion. Please try again.")
    except KeyError as e:
        st.error(f"AI suggestion is missing necessary information: {str(e)}")
    except Exception as e:
        st.error(f"An error occurred while creating the graph: {str(e)}")

    # AI interpretation of visualization
    visualization_interpretation_prompt = f"""
    Based on the following dataset and created graph, please provide a detailed interpretation of the data trends and characteristics in English.
    Point out possible insights, patterns, anomalies, or areas that require additional analysis.

    Dataset information:
    Columns: {', '.join(df.columns)}
    Number of rows: {len(df)}

    Created graph:
    Type: {graph_type}
    X-axis: {x_axis}
    Y-axis: {y_axis if y_axis else 'None'}
    """

    ai_interpretation = CompleteText(lang_model, visualization_interpretation_prompt)
    st.subheader("AI Interpretation of the Graph")
    st.write(ai_interpretation)

# Function to handle cases where AI response is not just SQL query
def clean_sql_query(query):
    # Remove leading and trailing whitespace
    query = query.strip()
    # If not starting with SQL keywords, remove everything up to the first SELECT
    if not query.upper().startswith(('SELECT')):
        keywords = ['SELECT']
        for keyword in keywords:
            if keyword in query.upper():
                query = query[query.upper().index(keyword):]
                break
    return query

# Function for natural language querying of DB
def data_analysis_and_natural_language_query():
    # Database selection
    databases = session.sql("SHOW DATABASES").collect()
    database_names = [row['name'] for row in databases]
    selected_database = st.selectbox("Select a database", database_names)

    if selected_database:
        # Schema selection
        schemas = session.sql(f"SHOW SCHEMAS IN DATABASE {selected_database}").collect()
        schema_names = [row['name'] for row in schemas]
        selected_schema = st.selectbox("Select a schema", schema_names)

        if selected_schema:
            # Table selection
            tables = session.sql(f"SHOW TABLES IN {selected_database}.{selected_schema}").collect()
            table_names = [row['name'] for row in tables]
            selected_table = st.selectbox("Select a table", table_names)

            if selected_table:
                # Get table information
                column_df, row_count, sample_df = get_table_info(selected_database, selected_schema, selected_table)

                st.subheader("Table Information")
                st.write(f"Table name: `{selected_database}.{selected_schema}.{selected_table}`")
                st.write(f"Total rows: **{row_count:,}**")

                st.subheader("Column Information")
                st.dataframe(column_df)

                st.subheader("Sample Data (showing only 5 rows)")
                st.dataframe(sample_df)

                # Stringify table information (for AI)
                table_info = f"""
                Table name: {selected_database}.{selected_schema}.{selected_table}
                Total rows: {row_count}

                Column information:
                {column_df.to_string(index=False)}
                Sample data:
                {sample_df.to_string(index=False)}
                """

                # Natural language input from user
                user_query = st.text_area("Enter what you want to know about the selected table")

                if st.button("Start Analysis"):
                    if user_query:
                        # Use AI to generate SQL
                        prompt = f"""
                        Based on the following table information and question, please generate an appropriate SQL query.
                        Return only the generated SQL query without any additional response.

                        Table information:
                        {table_info}

                        Question: {user_query}

                        Notes:
                        - Follow Snowflake SQL syntax.
                        - Use aggregate functions to keep the query result size manageable.
                        - Use {selected_database}.{selected_schema}.{selected_table} as the table name.
                        """

                        generated_sql = CompleteText(lang_model, prompt)
                        generated_sql = clean_sql_query(generated_sql)
                        st.subheader("Generated SQL:")
                        st.code(generated_sql, language='sql')

                        try:
                            # Execute the generated SQL
                            result = session.sql(generated_sql).collect()
                            df = pd.DataFrame(result)

                            st.subheader("Query Result:")
                            st.dataframe(df)

                            # Analyze results
                            analyze(df, user_query)

                            # Smart data visualization
                            smart_data_visualization(df)

                        except Exception as e:
                            st.error(f"An error occurred while executing the query: {str(e)}")
                    else:
                        st.warning("Please enter a question.")

# Execution part
data_analysis_and_natural_language_query()

結論

無需 SQL 或 Python 知識即可使用自然語言輕鬆分析表格資料的能力可以顯著拓寬企業中業務使用者的資料利用範圍。透過新增連接多個表格或增加視覺化圖表的種類等功能，甚至可以執行更複雜的分析。我鼓勵大家嘗試使用 Snowflake 中的 Streamlit 來實現資料分析民主化。

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變更歷史記錄

(20240914) 初始貼文

日本原創文章

https://zenn.dev/tsubasa_tech/articles/2608c820294860

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