JavaScript Math 物件是內建對象,提供數學函數和常數的集合。它不是建構函數,因此您無法建立它的實例;相反,它是透過其靜態方法和屬性直接使用的。
Math 物件包含幾個對數學計算有用的常數:
Math 物件提供了多種執行數學運算的方法:
Math.abs(-5); // 5
Math.ceil(4.2); // 5
Math.floor(4.7); // 4
Math.round(4.5); // 5
Math.max(1, 5, 3); // 5
Math.min(1, 5, 3); // 1
Math.random(); // e.g., 0.237
Math.pow(2, 3); // 8
Math.sqrt(9); // 3
Math.trunc(4.9); // 4
以下是一些如何使用 Math 物件的實際範例:
function getRandomInt(min, max) { return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min; } console.log(getRandomInt(1, 10)); // e.g., 7
function calculateHypotenuse(a, b) { return Math.sqrt(Math.pow(a, 2) + Math.pow(b, 2)); } console.log(calculateHypotenuse(3, 4)); // 5
傳回 x 的絕對值。
console.log(Math.abs(-10)); // 10 console.log(Math.abs(5.5)); // 5.5
傳回 x 的反餘弦(反餘弦),以弧度表示。
console.log(Math.acos(1)); // 0 console.log(Math.acos(0)); // 1.5707963267948966 (π/2)
傳回 x 的雙曲反餘弦。
console.log(Math.acosh(1)); // 0 console.log(Math.acosh(2)); // 1.3169578969248166
傳回 x 的反正弦(反正弦),以弧度表示。
console.log(Math.asin(0)); // 0 console.log(Math.asin(1)); // 1.5707963267948966 (π/2)
傳回 x 的雙曲反正弦。
console.log(Math.asinh(0)); // 0 console.log(Math.asinh(1)); // 0.881373587019543
傳回 x 的反正切(反正切),以弧度表示。
console.log(Math.atan(1)); // 0.7853981633974483 (π/4) console.log(Math.atan(0)); // 0
傳回其參數商的反正切值,以弧度表示。
console.log(Math.atan2(1, 1)); // 0.7853981633974483 (π/4) console.log(Math.atan2(-1, -1)); // -2.356194490192345 (-3π/4)
傳回 x 的雙曲反正切值。
console.log(Math.atanh(0)); // 0 console.log(Math.atanh(0.5)); // 0.5493061443340549
回傳 x 的立方根。
console.log(Math.cbrt(27)); // 3 console.log(Math.cbrt(-8)); // -2
將 x 向上捨入到最接近的整數。
console.log(Math.ceil(4.2)); // 5 console.log(Math.ceil(-4.7)); // -4
傳回 x 的 32 位元二進位表示形式中前導零的數量。
console.log(Math.clz32(1)); // 31 console.log(Math.clz32(0x80000000)); // 0
傳回 x 的餘弦(其中 x 的單位是弧度)。
console.log(Math.cos(0)); // 1 console.log(Math.cos(Math.PI)); // -1
Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x.
console.log(Math.cosh(0)); // 1 console.log(Math.cosh(1)); // 1.5430806348152437
Returns Euler's number, approximately 2.718.
console.log(Math.E); // 2.718281828459045
Returns the value of e raised to the power of x.
console.log(Math.exp(1)); // 2.718281828459045 console.log(Math.exp(0)); // 1
Returns the value of e raised to the power of x, minus 1.
console.log(Math.expm1(1)); // 1.718281828459045 console.log(Math.expm1(0)); // 0
Rounds x downwards to the nearest integer.
console.log(Math.floor(4.7)); // 4 console.log(Math.floor(-4.2)); // -5
Returns the nearest (32-bit single precision) float representation of x.
console.log(Math.fround(1.337)); // 1.336914 console.log(Math.fround(1.5)); // 1.5
Returns the natural logarithm of 2, approximately 0.693.
console.log(Math.LN2); // 0.6931471805599453
Returns the natural logarithm of 10, approximately 2.302.
console.log(Math.LN10); // 2.302585092994046
Returns the natural logarithm (base e) of x.
console.log(Math.log(Math.E)); // 1 console.log(Math.log(10)); // 2.302585092994046
Returns the base-10 logarithm of x.
console.log(Math.log10(10)); // 1 console.log(Math.log10(100)); // 2
Returns the base-10 logarithm of e, approximately 0.434.
console.log(Math.LOG10E); // 0.4342944819032518
Returns the natural logarithm of 1 + x.
console.log(Math.log1p(1)); // 0.6931471805599453 console.log(Math.log1p(0)); // 0
Returns the base-2 logarithm of x.
console.log(Math.log2(2)); // 1 console.log(Math.log2(8)); // 3
Returns the base-2 logarithm of e, approximately 1.442.
console.log(Math.LOG2E); // 1.4426950408889634
Returns the largest of zero or more numbers.
console.log(Math.max(1, 5, 3)); // 5 console.log(Math.max(-1, -5, -3)); // -1
Returns the smallest of zero or more numbers.
console.log(Math.min(1, 5, 3)); // 1 console.log(Math.min(-1, -5, -3)); // -5
Returns the value of π, approximately 3.14159.
console.log(Math.PI); // 3.141592653589793
Returns the value of base raised to the power of exponent.
console.log(Math.pow(2, 3)); // 8 console.log(Math.pow(5, 0)); // 1
Returns a pseudo-random number between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive).
console.log(Math.random()); // e.g., 0.237
Rounds x to the nearest integer.
console.log(Math.round(4.5)); // 5 console.log(Math.round(4.4)); // 4
Returns the sign of a number, indicating whether the number is positive, negative, or zero.
console.log(Math.sign(-5)); // -1 console.log(Math.sign(0)); // 0 console.log(Math.sign(5)); // 1
Returns the sine of x (where x is in radians).
console.log(Math.sin(0)); // 0 console.log(Math.sin(Math.PI / 2)); // 1
Returns the hyperbolic sine of x.
console.log(Math.sinh(0)); // 0 console.log(Math.sinh(1)); // 1.1752011936438014
Returns the square root of x.
console.log(Math.sqrt(9)); // 3 console.log(Math.sqrt(16)); // 4
Returns the square root of 1/2, approximately 0.707.
console.log(Math.SQRT1_2); // 0.7071067811865476
Returns the square root of 2, approximately 1.414.
console.log(Math.SQRT2); // 1.4142135623730951
Returns the tangent of x (where x is in radians).
console.log(Math.tan(0)); // 0 console.log(Math.tan(Math.PI / 4)); // 1
Returns the hyperbolic tangent of x.
console.log(Math.tanh(0)); // 0 console.log(Math.tanh(1)); // 0.7615941559557649
Returns the integer part of a number by removing any fractional digits.
console.log(Math.trunc(4.9)); // 4 console.log(Math.trunc(-4.9)); // -4
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