Python 變得簡單：從初學者到進階 |部落格

Python 課程程式碼範例

這是我使用和建立的 python 程式碼的文檔，用於學習 python。
它易於理解和學習。歡迎從這裡學習。
我很快就會用更多高級主題更新部落格。

目錄

1. 第一個節目
2. 變數與資料型別
3. 字串
4. 數字
5. 取得使用者的輸入
6. 建構一個基本計算器
7. 第一個 Madlibs
8. 列表
9. 列表函數
10. 元組
11. 功能
12. 退貨聲明
13. If 語句
14. 如果比較
15. 猜謎遊戲2
16. For 循環
17. 指數函數
18. 二維列表與 For 迴圈

第一個節目

此程式用於展示 print() 命令如何運作。

# This is a simple "Hello World" program that demonstrates basic print statements

# Print the string "Hello world" to the console
print("Hello world")

# Print the integer 1 to the console
print(1)

# Print the integer 20 to the console
print(20)

變數和資料類型

Python 中的變數是用來儲存值的保留記憶體位置。
資料型別定義變數可以保存的資料型別，即整數、浮點、字串等

# This program demonstrates the use of variables and string concatenation

# Assign the string "Dipsan" to the variable _name
_name = "Dipsan"

# Assign the integer 20 to the variable _age
_age = 20

# Assign the string "piano" to the variable _instrument
_instrument = "piano"

# Print a sentence using string concatenation with the _name variable
print("my name is" + _name + ".")

# Print a sentence using string concatenation, converting _age to a string
print("I'm" + str(_age) + "years old")  # Converting int to string for concatenation

# Print a simple string
print("i dont like hanging out")

# Print a sentence using string concatenation with the _instrument variable
print("i love " + _instrument + ".")

弦樂

用於儲存和操作文字的字元序列。它們是透過將文字括在單引號 ('Hello')、雙引號 ("Hello") 或多行字串的三引號 ('''Hello''') 來創建的。例：「你好，世界！」。

# This script demonstrates various string operations

# Assign a string to the variable 'phrase'
phrase = "DipsansAcademy"

# Print a simple string
print("This is a string")

# Concatenate strings and print the result
print('This' + phrase + "")

# Convert the phrase to uppercase and print
print(phrase.upper())

# Convert the phrase to lowercase and print
print(phrase.lower())

# Check if the uppercase version of phrase is all uppercase and print the result
print(phrase.upper().isupper())

# Print the length of the phrase
print(len(phrase))

# Print the first character of the phrase (index 0)
print(phrase[0])

# Print the second character of the phrase (index 1)
print(phrase[1])

# Print the fifth character of the phrase (index 4)
print(phrase[4])

# Find and print the index of 'A' in the phrase
print(phrase.index("A"))

# Replace "Dipsans" with "kadariya" in the phrase and print the result
print(phrase.replace("Dipsans", "kadariya"))

數位

數字用於各種數字運算和數學函數：

# Import all functions from the math module
from math import *  # Importing math module for additional math functions

# This script demonstrates various numeric operations and math functions

# Print the integer 20
print(20)

# Multiply 20 by 4 and print the result
print(20 * 4)

# Add 20 and 4 and print the result
print(20 + 4)

# Subtract 4 from 20 and print the result
print(20 - 4)

# Perform a more complex calculation and print the result
print(3 + (4 - 5))

# Calculate the remainder of 10 divided by 3 and print the result
print(10 % 3)

# Assign the value 100 to the variable _num
_num = 100

# Print the value of _num
print(_num)

# Convert _num to a string, concatenate with other strings, and print
print(str(_num) + " is my fav number")  # Converting int to string for concatenation

# Assign -10 to the variable new_num
new_num = -10

# Print the absolute value of new_num
print(abs(new_num))  # Absolute value

# Calculate 3 to the power of 2 and print the result
print(pow(3, 2))     # Power function

# Find the maximum of 2 and 3 and print the result
print(max(2, 3))     # Maximum

# Find the minimum of 2 and 3 and print the result
print(min(2, 3))     # Minimum

# Round 3.2 to the nearest integer and print the result
print(round(3.2))    # Rounding

# Round 3.7 to the nearest integer and print the result
print(round(3.7))

# Calculate the floor of 3.7 and print the result
print(floor(3.7))    # Floor function

# Calculate the ceiling of 3.7 and print the result
print(ceil(3.7))     # Ceiling function

# Calculate the square root of 36 and print the result
print(sqrt(36))      # Square root

取得使用者的輸入

此程式用於示範如何使用 input() 函數取得使用者輸入：

# This script demonstrates how to get user input and use it in string concatenation

# Prompt the user to enter their name and store it in the 'name' variable
name = input("Enter your name : ")

# Prompt the user to enter their age and store it in the 'age' variable
age = input("Enter your age. : ")

# Print a greeting using the user's input, concatenating strings
print("hello " + name + " Youre age is " + age + " .")

建構一個基本計算器

程式建立一個簡單的計算器，將兩個數字相加：

# This script creates a basic calculator that adds two numbers

# Prompt the user to enter the first number and store it in 'num1'
num1 = input("Enter first number : ")

# Prompt the user to enter the second number and store it in 'num2'
num2 = input("Enter second number: ")

# Convert the input strings to integers and add them, storing the result
result = int(num1) + int(num2)

# Print the result of the addition
print(result)

第一瘋狂

這個程式創造了一個簡單的 Mad Libs 遊戲：

# This program is used to create a simple Mad Libs game.

# Prompt the user to enter an adjective and store it in 'adjective1'
adjective1 = input("Enter an adjective: ")

# Prompt the user to enter an animal and store it in 'animal'
animal = input("Enter an animal: ")

# Prompt the user to enter a verb and store it in 'verb'
verb = input("Enter a verb: ")

# Prompt the user to enter another adjective and store it in 'adjective2'
adjective2 = input("Enter another adjective: ")

# Print the first sentence of the Mad Libs story using string concatenation
print("I have a " + adjective1 + " " + animal + ".")

# Print the second sentence of the Mad Libs story
print("It likes to " + verb + " all day.")

# Print the third sentence of the Mad Libs story
print("My " + animal + " is so " + adjective2 + ".")

清單

清單是Python中有序且可更改的項​​目的集合。清單中的每個項目（或元素）都有索引，從 0 開始。清單可以包含不同資料類型的項目（如整數、字串，甚至其他清單）。
清單使用方括號 [] 定義，每個項目以逗號分隔。

# This script demonstrates basic list operations

# Create a list of friends' names
friends = ["Roi", "alex", "jimmy", "joseph"]

# Print the entire list
print(friends)

# Print the first element of the list (index 0)
print(friends[0])

# Print the second element of the list (index 1)
print(friends[1])

# Print the third element of the list (index 2)
print(friends[2])

# Print the fourth element of the list (index 3)
print(friends[3])

# Print the last element of the list using negative indexing
print(friends[-1])

# Print a slice of the list from the second element to the end
print(friends[1:])

# Print a slice of the list from the second element to the third (exclusive)
print(friends[1:3])

# Change the second element of the list to "kim"
friends[1] = "kim"

# Print the modified list
print(friends)

清單功能

此腳本展示了各種清單方法：

# This script demonstrates various list functions and methods

# Create a list of numbers
numbers = [4, 6, 88, 3, 0, 34]

# Create a list of friends' names
friends = ["Roi", "alex", "jimmy", "joseph", "kevin", "tony", "jimmy"]

# Print both lists
print(numbers)
print(friends)

# Add all elements from 'numbers' to the end of 'friends'
friends.extend(numbers)

# Add "hulk" to the end of the 'friends' list
friends.append("hulk")

# Insert "mikey" at index 1 in the 'friends' list
friends.insert(1, "mikey")

# Remove the first occurrence of "Roi" from the 'friends' list
friends.remove("Roi")

# Print the index of "mikey" in the 'friends' list
print(friends.index("mikey"))

# Remove and print the last item in the 'friends' list
print(friends.pop())

# Print the current state of the 'friends' list
print(friends)

# Remove all elements from the 'friends' list
friends.clear()

# Print the empty 'friends' list
print(friends)

# Sort the 'numbers' list in ascending order
numbers.sort()

# Print the sorted 'numbers' list
print(numbers)

元組

元組是Python中有序但不可更改（不可變）的項目的集合。一旦建立了元組，就無法新增、刪除或變更其元素。與清單一樣，元組可以包含不同資料類型的項目。
元組使用括號 () 定義，每個項目以逗號分隔。

# This script introduces tuples and their immutability

# Create a tuple with two elements
values = (3, 4)

# Print the entire tuple
print(values)

# Print the second element of the tuple (index 1)
print(values[1])

# The following line would cause an IndexError if uncommented:
# print(values[2])  # This would cause an IndexError

# The following line would cause a TypeError if uncommented:
# values[1] = 30    # This would cause a TypeError as tuples are immutable

# The following line would print the modified tuple if the previous line worked:
# print(values)

功能

函數是執行特定任務的可重複使用程式碼區塊。函數可以接受輸入（稱為參數）、處理它們並傳回輸出。函數有助於組織程式碼，使其更加模組化，並避免重複。
在 Python 中，函數是使用 def 關鍵字定義的，後面跟著函數名稱、括號 () 和冒號 :。函數內的程式碼是縮排的。
此程式碼示範如何定義和呼叫函數：

# This script demonstrates how to define and call functions

# Define a function called 'greetings' that prints two lines
def greetings():
    print("HI, Welcome to programming world of python")
    print("keep learning")

# Print a statement before calling the function
print("this is first statement")

# Call the 'greetings' function
greetings()

# Print a statement after calling the function
print("this is last statement")

# Define a function 'add' that takes two parameters and prints their sum
def add(num1, num2):
    print(int(num1) + int(num2))

# Call the 'add' function with arguments 3 and 4
add(3, 4)

退貨聲明

return 語句在函數中用來向呼叫者傳回（或「回傳」）一個值。當執行return時，函數結束，return後指定的值被傳回函數呼叫的地方。

此程式展示如何在函數中使用 return 語句：

# This script demonstrates the use of return statements in functions

# Define a function 'square' that returns the square of a number
def square(num):
    return num * num
    # Any code after the return statement won't execute

# Call the 'square' function with argument 2 and print the result
print(square(2))

# Call the 'square' function with argument 4 and print the result
print(square(4))

# Call the 'square' function with argument 3, store the result, then print it
result = square(3)
print(result)

如果語句

if 語句計算一個條件（傳回 True 或 False 的表達式）。
如果條件為 True，則執行 if 語句下的程式碼區塊。
elif ：「else if」的縮寫，它允許您檢查多個條件。
當您有多個條件需要評估，並且您想要執行第一個 True 條件的程式碼區塊時，可以使用它。
else：如果前面的 if 或 elif 條件都不為 True，則 else 語句將執行一段程式碼。

# This script demonstrates the use of if-elif-else statements

# Set boolean variables for conditions
is_boy = True
is_handsome = False

# Check conditions using if-elif-else statements
if is_boy and is_handsome:
    print("you are a boy & youre handsome")
    print("hehe")
elif is_boy and not (is_handsome):
    print("Youre a boy but sorry not handsome")
else:
    print("youre not a boy")

如果比較

此程式碼示範了 if 語句中的比較操作：

# This script demonstrates comparison operations in if statements

# Define a function to find the maximum of three numbers
def max_numbers(num1, num2, num3):
    if num1 >= num2 and num1 >= num3:
        return num1
    elif num2 >= num1 and num2 >= num3:
        return num2
    else:
        return num3

# Test the max_numbers function with different inputs
print(max_numbers(20, 40, 60))
print(max_numbers(30, 14, 20))
print(max_numbers(3, 90, 10))

print("For min_number")

# Define a function to find the minimum of three numbers
def min_numbers(num1, num2, num3):
    if num1 <= num2 and num1 <= num3:
        return num1
    elif num2 <= num1 and num2 <= num3:
        return num2
    else:
        return num3

# Test the min_numbers function with different inputs
print(min_numbers(20, 40, 60))
print(min_numbers(30, 14, 20))
print(min_numbers(3, 90, 10))

猜謎遊戲2

此腳本透過更多功能改進了猜謎遊戲：

# This script improves the guessing game with more features

import random

# Generate a random number between 1 and 20
secret_number = random.randint(1, 20)

# Initialize the number of attempts and set a limit
attempts = 0
attempt_limit = 5

# Loop to allow the user to guess the number
while attempts < attempt_limit:
    guess = int(input(f"Guess the number (between 1 and 20). You have {attempt_limit - attempts} attempts left: "))
    if guess == secret_number:
        print("Congratulations! You guessed the number!")
        break
    elif guess < secret_number:
        print("Too low!")
    else:
        print("Too high!")
    attempts += 1

# If the user does not guess correctly within the attempt limit, reveal the number
if guess != secret_number:
    print(f"Sorry, the correct number was {secret_number}.")

For循環

for 迴圈用於迭代元素序列，例如列表、元組、字串或範圍。
這段程式碼引入了for循環：

# List of numbers
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

# Iterate over each number in the list
for number in numbers:
    # Print the current number
    print(number)

# Output:
# 1
# 2



# 3
# 4
# 5

# List of friends
friends = ["Roi", "alex", "jimmy", "joseph", "kevin", "tony", "jimmy"]

# Iterate over each friend in the list
for friend in friends:
    # Print the name of the current friend
    print(friend)

# Output:
# Roi
# alex
# jimmy
# joseph
# kevin
# tony
# jimmy

# Use range to generate numbers from 0 to 4
for num in range(5):
    print(num)

# Output:
# 0
# 1
# 2
# 3
# 4

指數函數

指數函數是一種數學函數，其中恆定基數被提升為可變指數。
此腳本展示如何使用 math.pow 函數：

# This script demonstrates the use of the exponential function
def exponentialFunction(base,power):
    result = 1
    for index in range(power):
        result = result * base
    return result

print(exponentialFunction(3,2))
print(exponentialFunction(4,2))
print(exponentialFunction(5,2))

#or you can power just by
print(2**3) #number *** power

2D List and For Loops

A 2D list (or 2D array) in Python is essentially a list of lists, where each sublist represents a row of the matrix. You can use nested for loops to iterate over elements in a 2D list. Here’s how you can work with 2D lists and for loops:

# This script demonstrates the use of 2D List and For Loops
# Define a 2D list (list of lists)
num_grid = [
    [1, 2, 3],  # Row 0: contains 1, 2, 3
    [4, 5, 6],  # Row 1: contains 4, 5, 6
    [7, 8, 9],  # Row 2: contains 7, 8, 9
    [0]         # Row 3: contains a single value 0
]

# Print specific elements in num_grid
print(num_grid[0][0])   # Print value in the zeroth row, zeroth column (value: 1)
print(num_grid[1][0])   # Print value in the first row, zeroth column (value: 4)
print(num_grid[2][2])   # Print value in the second row, second column (value: 9)


print("using nested for loops")
for row in num_grid :
   for col in row:
    print(col)

This is how we can use 2D List and For Loops.

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