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第四章_PHP基本语法(2)

WBOY
WBOY原創
2016-06-13 10:18:041013瀏覽

  1.常量的声明

  在PHP中,定义常量使用define()函数来实现

  2.魔术常量

返回文件中的当前行号
__FILE__ 返回该文件的完整路径和文件名
__DIR__ 返回该文件所在的目录
__FUNCTION__ 返回该函数被定义时的名字
__CLASS__ 返回该类被定义时的名字
__MTHOD__ 返回该类的方法被定义时的名字

  测试代码如下:

<span 1</span> <?<span php
</span><span 2</span>     <span function</span><span  sayHello(){
</span><span 3</span>         <span echo</span> '<p>the name of this function is:'.<span __FUNCTION__</span><span ;
</span><span 4</span> <span     }
</span><span 5</span>     
<span 6</span>     <span echo</span> '<p>这是第'.<span __LINE__</span>.'行。'<span ;
</span><span 7</span>     <span echo</span> '<p>本文件的绝对路径为:'.<span __FILE__</span><span ;
</span><span 8</span> <span     sayHello();
</span><span 9</span>     ?>

  3.引用赋值

  用不同的变量名访问同一个变量内容,当其中一个变量的值改变时,另一个也跟着改变。

  4.逻辑运算符

  与 &&  或 ||  非 !  异或 xor

<span 1</span> <?<span php
</span><span 2</span>     <span $a</span>=<span true</span><span ;
</span><span 3</span>     <span $b</span>=<span false</span><span ;
</span><span 4</span>     
<span 5</span>     <span var_dump</span>(<span $a</span> && <span $b</span>);<span echo</span> '<br>'<span ;
</span><span 6</span>     <span var_dump</span>(<span $a</span> || <span $b</span>);<span echo</span> '<br>'<span ;
</span><span 7</span>     <span var_dump</span>(<span $a</span> xor <span $b</span>);<span echo</span> '<br>'<span ;
</span><span 8</span>     <span var_dump</span>(!<span $a</span>);<span echo</span> '<br>'<span ;
</span><span 9</span>  ?>

   5.比较运算符

  ①相等  ==  $a==$b  当$a的值等于$b的值,则返回真,否则返回假

  ②全等  ===  $a===$b   当$a的值等于$b的值,且$a与$b的类型也相等,则返回真,否则返回假

  ③不等  !=或

  ④不全等   !==

  6.位运算符

按位与 & 均为1的位置1,其余置为0
按位或 | 有一个为1的位置为1,其余置为0
按位异或 ^ 不同的位置为1,其余置为0
按位非 ~ 1的位置为0,0的位置为1
左移 位向左移动n次,每移动一次相当于乘以2
右移 >> 位向右移动n次,每移动一次相当于除以2

 

<span  1</span> <?<span php
</span><span  2</span>     <span $a</span>=123<span ;
</span><span  3</span>     <span $b</span>=321<span ;
</span><span  4</span>     
<span  5</span>     <span echo</span> '$a & $b='.(<span $a</span> & <span $b</span>).'<br>'<span ;
</span><span  6</span>     <span echo</span> '$a | $b='.(<span $a</span> | <span $b</span>).'<br>'<span ;
</span><span  7</span>     <span echo</span> '$a ^ $b='.(<span $a</span> ^ <span $b</span>).'<br>'<span ;
</span><span  8</span>     <span echo</span> '~$a='.(~<span $a</span>).'<br>'<span ;
</span><span  9</span>     <span echo</span> '$a<<4='.(<span $a</span><<4).'<br>'<span ;
</span><span 10</span>     <span echo</span> '$b>>4='.(<span $b</span>>>4).'<br>'<span ;
</span><span 11</span> ?>

  7.字符串运算符

  (.)和(.=)以及{}

  8.数组运算符(略)

  9.类型运算符

  类型运算符用instanceof常用来判断某个变量是否属于某个类的实例。

<span  1</span> <?<span php
</span><span  2</span>     <span class</span><span  A{
</span><span  3</span>         
<span  4</span> <span     }
</span><span  5</span>     <span class</span><span  B{
</span><span  6</span>         
<span  7</span> <span     }
</span><span  8</span>     
<span  9</span>     <span $myclass</span>=<span new</span><span  A;
</span><span 10</span>     <span var_dump</span>((<span $myclass</span> instanceof A));<span echo</span> '<br>'<span ;
</span><span 11</span>     <span var_dump</span>((<span $myclass</span> instanceof B));<span echo</span> '<br>'<span ;
</span><span 12</span> ?>

  10.错误控制运算符@

 

 

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