php设计模式 — 抽象工厂模式，设计模式工厂

php设计模式 — 抽象工厂模式，设计模式工厂

在学习本章之前，请先阅读简单工厂模式以及工厂方法模式

在什么情况下应当使用抽象工厂模式：
1、一个系统不应当依赖于产品类实例如何被创建、组合和表达的细节，这对于所有的形态的工厂模式都是重要的。
2、这个系统的产品有多余一个的产品族，而系统只消费其中某一个族的产品。
3、同属于同一个产品族的产品是在一起使用的，这一约束必须在系统的设计中体现出来。
4、系统提供一个产品类的库，所有的产品以同样的接口出现，从而使客户端不依赖于实现。

案例1：
还是以农场为例。
我们的农场分了多个产品线，一个是专门卖北方的蔬菜水果。一个专门卖南方的蔬菜水果。大家可以试着不写一下，这里就不给出示例了，uml类图大家可以试着画一下。

案例2：
以电脑为例
电脑分为PC电脑，mac电脑。pc电脑有他组装需要的cpu、主板、键盘 | mac电脑同样需要这些组件，但是型号不一样，下面是此示例的uml类图。

 

代码示例:

此示例是依据女娲造人而写的。

<span>  1</span> <?<span>php
</span><span>  2</span> 
<span>  3</span> <span>//</span><span>此实例是根据女娲造人写的
</span><span>  4</span> 
<span>  5</span> <span>//首先定义一个全局的工厂接口
</span><span>  6</span> <span>//由阴绳 阳绳来继承 都要实现举绳子这个方法</span>
<span>  7</span> <span>interface</span><span> nvwaRope{
</span><span>  8</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span> liftPeopleRope(<span>$name</span><span>);
</span><span>  9</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span> liftAnimalRope(<span>$name</span><span>);
</span><span> 10</span> <span>}
</span><span> 11</span> 
<span> 12</span> <span>//</span><span>定义阴绳 来继承 nvwaRope</span>
<span> 13</span> <span>class</span> yinRope <span>implements</span><span> nvwaRope{
</span><span> 14</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span> liftPeopleRope(<span>$name</span><span>){
</span><span> 15</span>         <span>return</span> <span>new</span> girl(<span>$name</span><span>);
</span><span> 16</span> <span>    }
</span><span> 17</span> 
<span> 18</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span> liftAnimalRope(<span>$name</span><span>){
</span><span> 19</span>         <span>return</span> <span>new</span> muAnimal(<span>$name</span><span>);
</span><span> 20</span> <span>    }
</span><span> 21</span> <span>}
</span><span> 22</span> 
<span> 23</span> <span>//</span><span>定义阳绳 </span>
<span> 24</span> <span>class</span> yangRope <span>implements</span><span> nvwaRope{
</span><span> 25</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span> liftPeopleRope(<span>$name</span><span>){
</span><span> 26</span>         <span>return</span> <span>new</span> boy(<span>$name</span><span>);
</span><span> 27</span> <span>    }
</span><span> 28</span> 
<span> 29</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span> liftAnimalRope(<span>$name</span><span>){
</span><span> 30</span>         <span>return</span> <span>new</span> gongAnimal(<span>$name</span><span>);
</span><span> 31</span> <span>    }
</span><span> 32</span> <span>}
</span><span> 33</span> 
<span> 34</span> 
<span> 35</span> <span>//</span><span>定义一个人的抽象接口</span>
<span> 36</span> <span>interface</span><span> people{
</span><span> 37</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> eat();
</span><span> 38</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> getName();
</span><span> 39</span> <span>}
</span><span> 40</span> 
<span> 41</span> 
<span> 42</span> <span>abstract</span> <span>class</span> abstractPeople <span>implements</span><span> people{
</span><span> 43</span>     <span>private</span> <span>$name</span><span>;
</span><span> 44</span> 
<span> 45</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span> __construct(<span>$name</span><span>){
</span><span> 46</span>         <span>$this</span>->name = <span>$name</span><span>;
</span><span> 47</span> <span>    }
</span><span> 48</span> 
<span> 49</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> eat(){
</span><span> 50</span>         <span>echo</span> <span>$this</span>->name . " eat"<span>;
</span><span> 51</span> <span>    }
</span><span> 52</span> 
<span> 53</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> getName(){
</span><span> 54</span>         <span>echo</span> <span>$this</span>-><span>name;
</span><span> 55</span>         <span>return</span> <span>$this</span>-><span>name;
</span><span> 56</span> <span>    }
</span><span> 57</span> 
<span> 58</span>     <span>//</span><span>检查是否有胸</span>
<span> 59</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> checkChest(){
</span><span> 60</span>         <span>return</span> <span>$this</span>-><span>haveChest;
</span><span> 61</span> <span>    }
</span><span> 62</span> <span>}
</span><span> 63</span> 
<span> 64</span> <span>class</span> boy <span>extends</span><span> abstractPeople{
</span><span> 65</span>     <span>public</span> <span>$haveChest</span> = <span>false</span>; <span>//</span><span>男孩没有胸</span>
<span> 66</span> <span>}
</span><span> 67</span> 
<span> 68</span> <span>class</span> girl <span>extends</span><span> abstractPeople{
</span><span> 69</span>     <span>public</span> <span>$haveChest</span> = <span>true</span>; <span>//</span><span>女孩有胸</span>
<span> 70</span> <span>}
</span><span> 71</span> 
<span> 72</span> 
<span> 73</span> <span>//</span><span>定义一个动物的抽象接口</span>
<span> 74</span> <span>interface</span><span> animal{
</span><span> 75</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> eat();
</span><span> 76</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span> <span>sleep</span><span>();
</span><span> 77</span> <span>}
</span><span> 78</span> 
<span> 79</span> <span>abstract</span> <span>class</span> abstractAnimal <span>implements</span><span> animal{
</span><span> 80</span>     <span>private</span> <span>$name</span><span>;
</span><span> 81</span> 
<span> 82</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span> __construct(<span>$name</span><span>){
</span><span> 83</span>         <span>$this</span>->name = <span>$name</span><span>;
</span><span> 84</span> <span>    }
</span><span> 85</span> 
<span> 86</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> eat(){
</span><span> 87</span>         <span>echo</span> <span>$this</span>->name . " eating"<span>;
</span><span> 88</span> <span>    }
</span><span> 89</span> 
<span> 90</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span> <span>sleep</span><span>(){
</span><span> 91</span>         <span>echo</span> <span>$this</span>->name . " sleeping"<span>;
</span><span> 92</span> <span>    }
</span><span> 93</span> 
<span> 94</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> getName(){
</span><span> 95</span>         <span>echo</span> <span>$this</span>-><span>name;
</span><span> 96</span>         <span>return</span> <span>$this</span>-><span>name;
</span><span> 97</span> <span>    }
</span><span> 98</span> <span>}
</span><span> 99</span> 
<span>100</span> <span>//</span><span>定义一个母动物的类</span>
<span>101</span> <span>class</span> muAnimal <span>extends</span><span> abstractAnimal{
</span><span>102</span>     <span>public</span> <span>$xingbie</span> = "mu"<span>;
</span><span>103</span> <span>}
</span><span>104</span> 
<span>105</span> 
<span>106</span> <span>//</span><span>定义一个公动物的类</span>
<span>107</span> <span>class</span> gongAnimal <span>extends</span><span> abstractAnimal{
</span><span>108</span>     <span>public</span> <span>$xingbie</span> = "gong"<span>;
</span><span>109</span> <span>}
</span><span>110</span> 
<span>111</span> 
<span>112</span> 
<span>113</span> <span>//</span><span>使用方式
</span><span>114</span> 
<span>115</span> <span>//首先获取工厂的实例 也就是阴绳或者阳绳的实例</span>
<span>116</span> <span>$yinRope</span> = <span>new</span><span> yinRope();
</span><span>117</span> 
<span>118</span> <span>$people</span> = <span>$yinRope</span>->liftPeopleRope("zhangsan"<span>);
</span><span>119</span> <span>echo</span> <span>$people</span>-><span>eat();
</span><span>120</span> <span>echo</span> <span>$people</span>-><span>getName();
</span><span>121</span> <span>var_dump</span>(<span>$people</span>-><span>checkChest());
</span><span>122</span> 
<span>123</span> <span>$animel</span> = <span>$yinRope</span>->liftAnimalRope("马"<span>);
</span><span>124</span> <span>echo</span> <span>$animel</span>->eat();

php设计模式的好处在什地方

如果使用UserFactory，你就不用知道有User类的存在，抽象类帮你隐藏它，以后要是类多了，该模式维护起来就比较方便，建议你去了解抽象工厂模式，工厂模式，工厂方法模式，这些都是为了可复用编程的手段。
 

工厂方法模式与抽象工厂模式的不同

工厂方法模式：
一个抽象产品类，可以派生出多个具体产品类。
一个抽象工厂类，可以派生出多个具体工厂类。
每个具体工厂类只能创建一个具体产品类的实例。

抽象工厂模式：
多个抽象产品类，每个抽象产品类可以派生出多个具体产品类。
一个抽象工厂类，可以派生出多个具体工厂类。
每个具体工厂类可以创建多个具体产品类的实例。

区别：
工厂方法模式只有一个抽象产品类，而抽象工厂模式有多个。
工厂方法模式的具体工厂类只能创建一个具体产品类的实例，而抽象工厂模式可以创建多个。