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php pthreads多线程的安装与使用，pthreads多线程

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Jun 13, 2016 am 08:47 AM

phppthreadpthreads使用安裝

php pthreads多线程的安装与使用，pthreads多线程

安装Pthreads 基本上需要重新编译PHP，加上 --enable-maintainer-zts 参数，但是用这个文档很少；bug会很多很有很多意想不到的问题，生成环境上只能呵呵了，所以这个东西玩玩就算了，真正多线程还是用Python、C等等

一、安装

这里使用的是 php-7.0.2

./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php7 \
--with-config-file-path=/etc \
--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d \
--enable-debug \
--enable-maintainer-zts \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-opcache \
--enable-embed=shared \
--enable-json=shared \
--enable-phpdbg \
--with-curl=shared \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
--with-pdo-mysql

make && make install

安装pthreads

pecl install pthreads

二、Thread

<&#63;php
#1
$thread = new class extends Thread {
public function run() {
echo "Hello World {$this->getThreadId()}\n"; 
} 
};
$thread->start() && $thread->join();
#2
class workerThread extends Thread { 
public function __construct($i){
$this->i=$i;
}
public function run(){
while(true){
echo $this->i."\n";
sleep(1);
} 
} 
}
for($i=0;$i<50;$i++){
$workers[$i]=new workerThread($i);
$workers[$i]->start();
}
&#63;>

三、 Worker 与 Stackable

Stackables are tasks that are executed by Worker threads. You can synchronize with, read, and write Stackable objects before, after and during their execution.

<&#63;php
class SQLQuery extends Stackable {
public function __construct($sql) {
$this->sql = $sql;
}
public function run() {
$dbh = $this->worker->getConnection();
$row = $dbh->query($this->sql);
while($member = $row->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)){
print_r($member);
}
}
}
class ExampleWorker extends Worker {
public static $dbh;
public function __construct($name) {
}
public function run(){
self::$dbh = new PDO('mysql:host=10.0.0.30;dbname=testdb','root','123456');
}
public function getConnection(){
return self::$dbh;
}
}
$worker = new ExampleWorker("My Worker Thread");
$sql1 = new SQLQuery('select * from test order by id desc limit 1,5');
$worker->stack($sql1);
$sql2 = new SQLQuery('select * from test order by id desc limit 5,5');
$worker->stack($sql2);
$worker->start();
$worker->shutdown();
&#63;>

四、互斥锁

什么情况下会用到互斥锁？在你需要控制多个线程同一时刻只能有一个线程工作的情况下可以使用。一个简单的计数器程序，说明有无互斥锁情况下的不同

<&#63;php
$counter = 0;
$handle=fopen("/tmp/counter.txt", "w");
fwrite($handle, $counter );
fclose($handle);
class CounterThread extends Thread {
public function __construct($mutex = null){
$this->mutex = $mutex;
$this->handle = fopen("/tmp/counter.txt", "w+");
}
public function __destruct(){
fclose($this->handle);
}
public function run() {
if($this->mutex)
$locked=Mutex::lock($this->mutex);
$counter = intval(fgets($this->handle));
$counter++;
rewind($this->handle);
fputs($this->handle, $counter );
printf("Thread #%lu says: %s\n", $this->getThreadId(),$counter);
if($this->mutex)
Mutex::unlock($this->mutex);
}
}
//没有互斥锁
for ($i=0;$i<50;$i++){
$threads[$i] = new CounterThread();
$threads[$i]->start();
}
//加入互斥锁
$mutex = Mutex::create(true);
for ($i=0;$i<50;$i++){
$threads[$i] = new CounterThread($mutex);
$threads[$i]->start();
}
Mutex::unlock($mutex);
for ($i=0;$i<50;$i++){
$threads[$i]->join();
}
Mutex::destroy($mutex);
&#63;>

多线程与共享内存

在共享内存的例子中，没有使用任何锁，仍然可能正常工作，可能工作内存操作本身具备锁的功能

<&#63;php
$tmp = tempnam(__FILE__, 'PHP');
$key = ftok($tmp, 'a');
$shmid = shm_attach($key);
$counter = 0;
shm_put_var( $shmid, 1, $counter );
class CounterThread extends Thread {
public function __construct($shmid){
$this->shmid = $shmid;
}
public function run() {
$counter = shm_get_var( $this->shmid, 1 );
$counter++;
shm_put_var( $this->shmid, 1, $counter );
printf("Thread #%lu says: %s\n", $this->getThreadId(),$counter);
}
}
for ($i=0;$i<100;$i++){
$threads[] = new CounterThread($shmid);
}
for ($i=0;$i<100;$i++){
$threads[$i]->start();
}
for ($i=0;$i<100;$i++){
$threads[$i]->join();
}
shm_remove( $shmid );
shm_detach( $shmid );
&#63;>

五、线程同步

有些场景我们不希望 thread->start() 就开始运行程序，而是希望线程等待我们的命令。thread−>wait();测作用是thread−>start()后线程并不会立即运行，只有收到 thread->notify(); 发出的信号后才运行

<&#63;php
$tmp = tempnam(__FILE__, 'PHP');
$key = ftok($tmp, 'a');
$shmid = shm_attach($key);
$counter = 0;
shm_put_var( $shmid, 1, $counter );
class CounterThread extends Thread {
public function __construct($shmid){
$this->shmid = $shmid;
}
public function run() {
$this->synchronized(function($thread){
$thread->wait();
}, $this);
$counter = shm_get_var( $this->shmid, 1 );
$counter++;
shm_put_var( $this->shmid, 1, $counter );
printf("Thread #%lu says: %s\n", $this->getThreadId(),$counter);
}
}
for ($i=0;$i<100;$i++){
$threads[] = new CounterThread($shmid);
}
for ($i=0;$i<100;$i++){
$threads[$i]->start();
}
for ($i=0;$i<100;$i++){
$threads[$i]->synchronized(function($thread){
$thread->notify();
}, $threads[$i]);
}
for ($i=0;$i<100;$i++){
$threads[$i]->join();
}
shm_remove( $shmid );
shm_detach( $shmid );
&#63;>

六、线程池

一个Pool类

<&#63;php
class Update extends Thread {
public $running = false;
public $row = array();
public function __construct($row) {
$this->row = $row;
$this->sql = null;
}
public function run() {
if(strlen($this->row['bankno']) > 100 ){
$bankno = safenet_decrypt($this->row['bankno']);
}else{
$error = sprintf("%s, %s\r\n",$this->row['id'], $this->row['bankno']);
file_put_contents("bankno_error.log", $error, FILE_APPEND);
}
if( strlen($bankno) > 7 ){
$sql = sprintf("update members set bankno = '%s' where id = '%s';", $bankno, $this->row['id']);
$this->sql = $sql;
}
printf("%s\n",$this->sql);
}
}
class Pool {
public $pool = array();
public function __construct($count) {
$this->count = $count;
}
public function push($row){
if(count($this->pool) < $this->count){
$this->pool[] = new Update($row);
return true;
}else{
return false;
}
}
public function start(){
foreach ( $this->pool as $id => $worker){
$this->pool[$id]->start();
}
}
public function join(){
foreach ( $this->pool as $id => $worker){
$this->pool[$id]->join();
}
}
public function clean(){
foreach ( $this->pool as $id => $worker){
if(! $worker->isRunning()){
unset($this->pool[$id]);
}
}
}
}
try {
$dbh = new PDO("mysql:host=" . str_replace(':', ';port=', $dbhost) . ";dbname=$dbname", $dbuser, $dbpw, array(
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND => 'SET NAMES \'UTF8\'',
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_COMPRESS => true
)
);
$sql = "select id,bankno from members order by id desc";
$row = $dbh->query($sql);
$pool = new Pool(5);
while($member = $row->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC))
{
while(true){
if($pool->push($member)){ //压入任务到池中
break;
}else{ //如果池已经满，就开始启动线程
$pool->start();
$pool->join();
$pool->clean();
}
}
}
$pool->start();
$pool->join();
$dbh = null;
} catch (Exception $e) {
echo '[' , date('H:i:s') , ']', '系统错误', $e->getMessage(), "\n";
}
&#63;>

动态队列线程池

上面的例子是当线程池满后执行start统一启动，下面的例子是只要线程池中有空闲便立即创建新线程。

<&#63;php
class Update extends Thread {
public $running = false;
public $row = array();
public function __construct($row) {
$this->row = $row;
$this->sql = null;
//print_r($this->row);
}
public function run() {
if(strlen($this->row['bankno']) > 100 ){
$bankno = safenet_decrypt($this->row['bankno']);
}else{
$error = sprintf("%s, %s\r\n",$this->row['id'], $this->row['bankno']);
file_put_contents("bankno_error.log", $error, FILE_APPEND);
}
if( strlen($bankno) > 7 ){
$sql = sprintf("update members set bankno = '%s' where id = '%s';", $bankno, $this->row['id']);
$this->sql = $sql;
}
printf("%s\n",$this->sql);
}
}
try {
$dbh = new PDO("mysql:host=" . str_replace(':', ';port=', $dbhost) . ";dbname=$dbname", $dbuser, $dbpw, array(
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND => 'SET NAMES \'UTF8\'',
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_COMPRESS => true
)
);
$sql = "select id,bankno from members order by id desc limit 50";
$row = $dbh->query($sql);
$pool = array();
while($member = $row->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC))
{
$id = $member['id'];
while (true){
if(count($pool) < 5){
$pool[$id] = new Update($member);
$pool[$id]->start();
break;
}else{
foreach ( $pool as $name => $worker){
if(! $worker->isRunning()){
unset($pool[$name]);
}
}
}
}
}
$dbh = null;
} catch (Exception $e) {
echo '【' , date('H:i:s') , '】', '【系统错误】', $e->getMessage(), "\n";
}
&#63;>

pthreads Pool类

<&#63;php
class WebWorker extends Worker {
public function __construct(SafeLog $logger) {
$this->logger = $logger;
}
protected $loger;
}
class WebWork extends Stackable {
public function isComplete() {
return $this->complete;
}
public function run() {
$this->worker
->logger
->log("%s executing in Thread #%lu",
__CLASS__, $this->worker->getThreadId());
$this->complete = true;
}
protected $complete;
}
class SafeLog extends Stackable {
protected function log($message, $args = []) {
$args = func_get_args();
if (($message = array_shift($args))) {
echo vsprintf(
"{$message}\n", $args);
}
}
}
$pool = new Pool(8, \WebWorker::class, [new SafeLog()]);
$pool->submit($w=new WebWork());
$pool->submit(new WebWork());
$pool->submit(new WebWork());
$pool->submit(new WebWork());
$pool->submit(new WebWork());
$pool->submit(new WebWork());
$pool->submit(new WebWork());
$pool->submit(new WebWork());
$pool->submit(new WebWork());
$pool->submit(new WebWork());
$pool->submit(new WebWork());
$pool->submit(new WebWork());
$pool->submit(new WebWork());
$pool->submit(new WebWork());
$pool->shutdown();
$pool->collect(function($work){
return $work->isComplete();
});
var_dump($pool);

七、多线程文件安全读写

LOCK_SH 取得共享锁定（读取的程序）

LOCK_EX 取得独占锁定（写入的程序

LOCK_UN 释放锁定（无论共享或独占）

LOCK_NB 如果不希望 flock() 在锁定时堵塞

<&#63;php
$fp = fopen("/tmp/lock.txt", "r+");
if (flock($fp, LOCK_EX)) { // 进行排它型锁定
ftruncate($fp, 0); // truncate file
fwrite($fp, "Write something here\n");
fflush($fp); // flush output before releasing the lock
flock($fp, LOCK_UN); // 释放锁定
} else {
echo "Couldn't get the lock!";
}
fclose($fp);
$fp = fopen('/tmp/lock.txt', 'r+');
if(!flock($fp, LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB)) {
echo 'Unable to obtain lock';
exit(-1);
}
fclose($fp);
&#63;>

八、多线程与数据连接

pthreads 与 pdo 同时使用是，需要注意一点，需要静态声明public static $dbh;并且通过单例模式访问数据库连接。

Worker 与 PDO

<&#63;php
class Work extends Stackable {
public function __construct() {
}
public function run() {
$dbh = $this->worker->getConnection();
$sql = "select id,name from members order by id desc limit ";
$row = $dbh->query($sql);
while($member = $row->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)){
print_r($member);
}
}
}
class ExampleWorker extends Worker {
public static $dbh;
public function __construct($name) {
}
/*
* The run method should just prepare the environment for the work that is coming ...
*/
public function run(){
self::$dbh = new PDO('mysql:host=...;dbname=example','www','');
}
public function getConnection(){
return self::$dbh;
}
}
$worker = new ExampleWorker("My Worker Thread");
$work=new Work();
$worker->stack($work);
$worker->start();
$worker->shutdown();
&#63;>

Pool 与 PDO

在线程池中链接数据库

# cat pool.php
<&#63;php
class ExampleWorker extends Worker {
public function __construct(Logging $logger) {
$this->logger = $logger;
}
protected $logger;
}
/* the collectable class implements machinery for Pool::collect */
class Work extends Stackable {
public function __construct($number) {
$this->number = $number;
}
public function run() {
$dbhost = 'db.example.com'; // 数据库服务器
$dbuser = 'example.com'; // 数据库用户名
$dbpw = 'password'; // 数据库密码
$dbname = 'example_real';
$dbh = new PDO("mysql:host=$dbhost;port=;dbname=$dbname", $dbuser, $dbpw, array(
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND => 'SET NAMES \'UTF\'',
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_COMPRESS => true,
PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => true
)
);
$sql = "select OPEN_TIME, `COMMENT` from MT_TRADES where LOGIN='".$this->number['name']."' and CMD='' and `COMMENT` = '".$this->number['order'].":DEPOSIT'";
#echo $sql;
$row = $dbh->query($sql);
$mt_trades = $row->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
if($mt_trades){
$row = null;
$sql = "UPDATE db_example.accounts SET paystatus='成功', deposit_time='".$mt_trades['OPEN_TIME']."' where `order` = '".$this->number['order']."';";
$dbh->query($sql);
#printf("%s\n",$sql);
}
$dbh = null;
printf("runtime: %s, %s, %s\n", date('Y-m-d H:i:s'), $this->worker->getThreadId() ,$this->number['order']);
}
}
class Logging extends Stackable {
protected static $dbh;
public function __construct() {
$dbhost = 'db.example.com'; // 数据库服务器
$dbuser = 'example.com'; // 数据库用户名
$dbpw = 'password'; // 数据库密码
$dbname = 'example_real'; // 数据库名
self::$dbh = new PDO("mysql:host=$dbhost;port=;dbname=$dbname", $dbuser, $dbpw, array(
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND => 'SET NAMES \'UTF\'',
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_COMPRESS => true
)
);
}
protected function log($message, $args = []) {
$args = func_get_args();
if (($message = array_shift($args))) {
echo vsprintf("{$message}\n", $args);
}
}
protected function getConnection(){
return self::$dbh;
}
}
$pool = new Pool(, \ExampleWorker::class, [new Logging()]);
$dbhost = 'db.example.com'; // 数据库服务器
$dbuser = 'example.com'; // 数据库用户名
$dbpw = 'password'; // 数据库密码
$dbname = 'db_example';
$dbh = new PDO("mysql:host=$dbhost;port=;dbname=$dbname", $dbuser, $dbpw, array(
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND => 'SET NAMES \'UTF\'',
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_COMPRESS => true
)
);
$sql = "select `order`,name from accounts where deposit_time is null order by id desc";
$row = $dbh->query($sql);
while($account = $row->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC))
{
$pool->submit(new Work($account));
}
$pool->shutdown();
&#63;>

进一步改进上面程序，我们使用单例模式 $this->worker->getInstance(); 全局仅仅做一次数据库连接，线程使用共享的数据库连接

<&#63;php
class ExampleWorker extends Worker {
#public function __construct(Logging $logger) {
# $this->logger = $logger;
#}
#protected $logger;
protected static $dbh;
public function __construct() {
}
public function run(){
$dbhost = 'db.example.com'; // 数据库服务器
$dbuser = 'example.com'; // 数据库用户名
$dbpw = 'password'; // 数据库密码
$dbname = 'example'; // 数据库名
self::$dbh = new PDO("mysql:host=$dbhost;port=;dbname=$dbname", $dbuser, $dbpw, array(
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND => 'SET NAMES \'UTF\'',
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_COMPRESS => true,
PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => true
)
);
}
protected function getInstance(){
return self::$dbh;
}
}
/* the collectable class implements machinery for Pool::collect */
class Work extends Stackable {
public function __construct($data) {
$this->data = $data;
#print_r($data);
}
public function run() {
#$this->worker->logger->log("%s executing in Thread #%lu", __CLASS__, $this->worker->getThreadId() );
try {
$dbh = $this->worker->getInstance();
#print_r($dbh);
$id = $this->data['id'];
$mobile = safenet_decrypt($this->data['mobile']);
#printf("%d, %s \n", $id, $mobile);
if(strlen($mobile) > ){
$mobile = substr($mobile, -);
}
if($mobile == 'null'){
# $sql = "UPDATE members_digest SET mobile = '".$mobile."' where id = '".$id."'";
# printf("%s\n",$sql);
# $dbh->query($sql);
$mobile = '';
$sql = "UPDATE members_digest SET mobile = :mobile where id = :id";
}else{
$sql = "UPDATE members_digest SET mobile = md(:mobile) where id = :id";
}
$sth = $dbh->prepare($sql);
$sth->bindValue(':mobile', $mobile);
$sth->bindValue(':id', $id);
$sth->execute();
#echo $sth->debugDumpParams();
}
catch(PDOException $e) {
$error = sprintf("%s,%s\n", $mobile, $id );
file_put_contents("mobile_error.log", $error, FILE_APPEND);
}
#$dbh = null;
printf("runtime: %s, %s, %s, %s\n", date('Y-m-d H:i:s'), $this->worker->getThreadId() ,$mobile, $id);
#printf("runtime: %s, %s\n", date('Y-m-d H:i:s'), $this->number);
}
}
$pool = new Pool(, \ExampleWorker::class, []);
#foreach (range(, ) as $number) {
# $pool->submit(new Work($number));
#}
$dbhost = 'db.example.com'; // 数据库服务器
$dbuser = 'example.com'; // 数据库用户名
$dbpw = 'password'; // 数据库密码
$dbname = 'example';
$dbh = new PDO("mysql:host=$dbhost;port=;dbname=$dbname", $dbuser, $dbpw, array(
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND => 'SET NAMES \'UTF\'',
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_COMPRESS => true
)
);
#print_r($dbh);
#$sql = "select id, mobile from members where id < :id";
#$sth = $dbh->prepare($sql);
#$sth->bindValue(':id',);
#$sth->execute();
#$result = $sth->fetchAll();
#print_r($result);
#
#$sql = "UPDATE members_digest SET mobile = :mobile where id = :id";
#$sth = $dbh->prepare($sql);
#$sth->bindValue(':mobile', 'aa');
#$sth->bindValue(':id','');
#echo $sth->execute();
#echo $sth->queryString;
#echo $sth->debugDumpParams();
$sql = "select id, mobile from members order by id asc"; // limit ";
$row = $dbh->query($sql);
while($members = $row->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC))
{
#$order = $account['order'];
#printf("%s\n",$order);
//print_r($members);
$pool->submit(new Work($members));
#unset($account['order']);
}
$pool->shutdown();
&#63;>

多线程中操作数据库总结

总的来说 pthreads 仍然处在发展中，仍有一些不足的地方，我们也可以看到pthreads的git在不断改进这个项目

数据库持久链接很重要，否则每个线程都会开启一次数据库连接，然后关闭，会导致很多链接超时。

<&#63;php
$dbh = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test', $user, $pass, array(
PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => true
));
&#63;>

关于php pthreads多线程的安装与使用的相关知识，就先给大家介绍到这里，后续还会持续更新。

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php字符串有下标。在PHP中，下标不仅可以应用于数组和对象，还可应用于字符串，利用字符串的下标和中括号“[]”可以访问指定索引位置的字符，并对该字符进行读写，语法“字符串名[下标值]”；字符串的下标值（索引值）只能是整数类型，起始值为0。

php怎么除以100保留两位小数Apr 22, 2022 pm 06:23 PM

php除以100保留两位小数的方法：1、利用“/”运算符进行除法运算，语法“数值 / 100”；2、使用“number_format(除法结果, 2)”或“sprintf("%.2f",除法结果)”语句进行四舍五入的处理值，并保留两位小数。

php怎么读取字符串后几个字符Apr 22, 2022 pm 08:31 PM

在php中，可以使用substr()函数来读取字符串后几个字符，只需要将该函数的第二个参数设置为负值，第三个参数省略即可；语法为“substr(字符串,-n)”，表示读取从字符串结尾处向前数第n个字符开始，直到字符串结尾的全部字符。

php怎么根据年月日判断是一年的第几天Apr 22, 2022 pm 05:02 PM

判断方法：1、使用“strtotime("年-月-日")”语句将给定的年月日转换为时间戳格式；2、用“date("z",时间戳)+1”语句计算指定时间戳是一年的第几天。date()返回的天数是从0开始计算的，因此真实天数需要在此基础上加1。

php怎么替换nbsp空格符Apr 24, 2022 pm 02:55 PM

方法：1、用“str_replace(" ","其他字符",$str)”语句，可将nbsp符替换为其他字符；2、用“preg_replace("/(\s|\&nbsp\;||\xc2\xa0)/","其他字符",$str)”语句。

php怎么查找字符串是第几位Apr 22, 2022 pm 06:48 PM

查找方法：1、用strpos()，语法“strpos("字符串值","查找子串")+1”；2、用stripos()，语法“strpos("字符串值","查找子串")+1”。因为字符串是从0开始计数的，因此两个函数获取的位置需要进行加1处理。

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