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Bootstrap進度條組件知識詳解_javascript技巧

WBOY
WBOY原創
2016-05-16 15:02:481917瀏覽

在網頁中,經常見到進度條效果,如:平分系統、載入狀態等,進度條元件使用了css3的transition和animation屬性來完成一些特效,這些特效在IE9及IE9以下版本、Firefox的舊版中並不支持,Opera 12 不支援animation 屬性。

進度條和其他獨立組件一樣,開發者可以根據自己的需求選擇對應的版本:

LESS: progress-bars.less

SASS: _progress-bars.scss

基礎進度條

實作原理:

需要兩個容器,外容器使用類別名稱.progress,子容器使用類別名稱.progress-bar;其中.progress用來設定進度條容器的背景色,容器的高度,間距等;而.progress- bar設定進度方向,進度條的背景色和過度效果;以下是css來源碼:

progress {
height: 20px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
overflow: hidden;
background-color: #f5f5f5;
border-radius: 4px;
-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .1);
box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .1);
}

.progress-bar {
float: left;
width: 0;
height: 100%;
font-size: 12px;
line-height: 20px;
color: #fff;
text-align: center;
background-color: #428bca;
-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .15);
box-shadow: inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .15);
-webkit-transition: width .6s ease;
transition: width .6s ease;
}

範例:

<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" style="width:30%;" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="30" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100">
<span class="sr-only">30%</span>
</div>
</div>

role屬性作用:告訴搜尋引擎這個div的作用是進度條;

aria-valuenow=”30”屬性作用:當前進度條的進度為40%;

aria-valuemin=”0”屬性作用:進度條的最小值為0%;

aria-valuemax=”100”屬性作用:進度條的最大值為100%;

可以將設定了.sr-only類別的標籤從進度條組件中移除,而讓當前進度顯示出來;

<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar" style="width:40%;" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="40" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" >40%</div>
</div>

彩色進度條

彩色進度條和警告進度條一樣,為了能給使用者一個更好的體驗,也根據不同的狀態配置了不同的進度條顏色,主要包括以下四種:

progress-bar-info:表示訊息進度條,藍色

progress-bar-success:表示成功進度條,綠色

progress-bar-warning:表示警告進度條,黃色

progress-bar-danger:表示錯誤進度條,紅色

css源碼:

.progress-bar-success {
background-color: #5cb85c;
}
.progress-bar-info {
background-color: #5bc0de;
}
.progress-bar-warning {
background-color: #f0ad4e;
}
.progress-bar-danger {
background-color: #d9534f;
}

使用方法:

只需要在基礎進度條上增加對應的類別名稱即可

範例:

<h1>彩色进度条</h1>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-success" style="width:25%;" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100">25%</div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-info" style="width:40%;" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="40" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuemin="0">40%</div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-warning" style="width:80%;" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100">80%</div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-danger" style="width:60%;" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="40" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuemin="0">60%</div>
</div>

效果如下:

條紋進度條

條紋進度條採用css3的線性漸進來實現,並未借助任何圖片,使用條紋進度條只需在進度條的容器.progress基礎上追加類名”progress-striped”,如果要進度條紋像彩色進度一樣,具有彩色效果,只要在進度條上增加對應得顏色類別

下面是.progress-striped樣式原始碼:

.progress-striped .progress-bar {
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
background-image:linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
background-size: 40px 40px;
}

條紋進度對應的每個狀態也有不同的顏色

.progress-striped .progress-bar-success {
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
background-image:linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
}
.progress-striped .progress-bar-info {
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
background-image:linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
}
.progress-striped .progress-bar-warning {
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
background-image:linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
}
.progress-striped .progress-bar-danger {
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
background-image:linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
}

下面來看看條紋進度條的運用:

<h1>条纹进度条</h1>
<div class="progress progress-striped">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-success" style="width:25%;" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100">25%</div>
</div>
<div class="progress progress-striped">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-info" style="width:40%;" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="40" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuemin="0">40%</div>
</div>
<div class="progress progress-striped">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-warning" style="width:80%;" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100">80%</div>
</div>
<div class="progress progress-striped">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-danger" style="width:60%;" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="40" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuemin="0">60%</div>
</div>


動態條紋進度條

在進度條.progress 、.progress-striped兩個類別的基礎上在加入類別名稱.active就能實現動態條紋進度條。

其實現原理主要是透過css3的animation來完成。首先透過@keyframes創造了一個progress-bar-stripes的動畫,這個動畫主要做了一件事,就是改變背景圖像的位置,也就是 background-position的值。因為條紋進度條是透過CSS3的線性漸進式來製作的,而linear-gradient實現的正是對應背景中的背景圖

下面是css原始碼:

@-webkit-keyframes progress-bar-stripes {
from {
background-position: 40px 0;
}
to {
background-position: 0 0;
}
}
@keyframes progress-bar-stripes {
from {
background-position: 40px 0;
}
to {
background-position: 0 0;
}
}

@keyframes只是創建了一個動畫效果,如果要讓進度條真正的動起來,我們需要通過一定的方式調用@keyframes創建的動畫“progress-bar-stripes”,並且通過一個事件觸發動畫生效。在Bootstrap框架中,透過為進度條容器“progress”添加一個類別名稱“active”,並讓文件載入完成就觸“progress-bar-stripes”動畫生效

呼叫動畫對應的樣式程式碼如下:

.progress.active .progress-bar {
-webkit-animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;
animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;
}

範例:

<h1>动态条纹进度条</h1>
<div class="progress progress-striped active">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-success" style="width:25%;" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100">25%</div>
</div>
<div class="progress progress-striped active">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-info" style="width:40%;" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="40" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuemin="0">40%</div>
</div>
<div class="progress progress-striped active">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-warning" style="width:80%;" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="25" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100">80%</div>
</div>
<div class="progress progress-striped active">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-danger" style="width:60%;" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="40" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuemin="0">60%</div>
</div>


效果如下(由于是直接从网页上结果来的图,这里并看不到它的动态效果):


层叠进度条:

层叠进度可以将不容状态的进度条放在一起,按水平方式排列

例子:

<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-success" style="width:20%"></div>
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-info" style="width:10%"></div>
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-warning" style="width:30%"></div>
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-danger" style="width:15%"></div>
</div>

除了层叠彩色进度条之外,还可以层叠条纹进度条,或者说条纹进度条和彩色进度条混合层叠,仅需要在“progress”容器中添加对应的进度条,同样要注意,层叠的进度条之和不能大于100%。

下面来看一个例子:

<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-success" style="width:20%"></div>
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-info" style="width:20%"></div>
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-warning" style="width:30%"></div>
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-danger" style="width:15%"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-success progress-bar-striped" style="width:20%"></div>
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-info progress-bar-striped" style="width:20%"></div>
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-striped progress-bar-warning" style="width:30%"></div>
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-danger progress-bar-striped" style="width:15%"></div>
</div>
<div class="progress">
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-success" style="width:20%"></div>
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-info progress-bar-striped" style="width:20%"></div>
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-warning" style="width:30%"></div>
<div class="progress-bar progress-bar-danger progress-bar-striped" style="width:15%"></div>
</div>

关于Bootstrap进度条组件知识详解到此就介绍了,希望对大家有所帮助!

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