基于Hiredis异步API的聊天系统实现 上一篇文章http://blog.csdn.net/qq_34788352/article/details/51313027使用Hiredis的同步API实现了发送消息的客户端,当我使用同步API实现订阅频道客户端时,一旦订阅频道,就会出现无法操作的情况,这是就是同步和异步的
基于Hiredis异步API的聊天系统实现
上一篇文章http://blog.csdn.net/qq_34788352/article/details/51313027使用Hiredis的同步API实现了发送消息的客户端,当我使用同步API实现订阅频道客户端时,一旦订阅频道,就会出现无法操作的情况,这是就是同步和异步的问题。使用同步API,订阅频道后,客户端会进入阻塞状态,等待订阅频道发布的消息,不能实现既订阅频道,又能发布消息的功能。为了实现一个客户端既能订阅频道,又能发布消息的功能,就需要使用Hiredis的异步API。
首先特别感谢黄天霸、tickTick、vah101,当我遇到各种各样奇怪问题的时候,你们的帖子给与了我解答,谢谢。
开始正题,hiredis异步的实现主要是依靠redis自带的ae事件库或者libev事件库或者libevent的事件库或者libuv事件库。网上一些人是通过libevent事件库来实现,本系统则使用Redis自带ae事件库来实现,Redis不用libevent事件库而选择重写一个ae事件库,必定有其道理。
首先介绍使用到的异步API,位于async.h中:
<code class=" hljs perl">redisAsyncContext <span class="hljs-variable">*redisAsyncConnect</span>(const char <span class="hljs-variable">*ip</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> port); <span class="hljs-regexp">//</span>用于建立异步连接 <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> redisAsyncSetConnectCallback(redisAsyncContext <span class="hljs-variable">*ac</span>, redisConnectCallback <span class="hljs-variable">*fn</span>); <span class="hljs-regexp">//</span>设置连接回调函数,回调函数形式:void callback(const redisAsyncContext <span class="hljs-variable">*c</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> status); <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> redisAsyncSetDisconnectCallback(redisAsyncContext <span class="hljs-variable">*ac</span>, redisDisconnectCallback <span class="hljs-variable">*fn</span>); <span class="hljs-regexp">//</span>设置断开连接回调函数,回调函数形式:void callback(const redisAsyncContext <span class="hljs-variable">*c</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> status); void redisAsyncDisconnect(redisAsyncContext <span class="hljs-variable">*ac</span>); <span class="hljs-regexp">//</span>断开异步连接 void redisAsyncFree(redisAsyncContext <span class="hljs-variable">*ac</span>); <span class="hljs-regexp">//</span>释放建立连接时,创建的redisAsyncContext结构 <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> redisAsyncCommand(redisAsyncContext <span class="hljs-variable">*ac</span>, redisCallbackFn <span class="hljs-variable">*fn</span>, void <span class="hljs-variable">*privdata</span>, const char <span class="hljs-variable">*format</span>, ...); <span class="hljs-regexp">//</span>发送Redis命令,需要实现一个回调函数来出来命令的返回,fn是回调函数的地址,回调函数形式:void callback(redisAsyncContext <span class="hljs-variable">*c</span>, void <span class="hljs-variable">*reply</span>, void <span class="hljs-variable">*pridata</span>); </code>
有了上面的异步API,就可以开始客户端的撰写。
首先封装订阅端
<code class=" hljs cpp"><span class="hljs-comment">//sub_client.h</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#ifndef REDIS_SUB_CLIENT_H </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#define REDIS_SUB_CLIENT_H </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extern</span> <span class="hljs-string">"C"</span> { <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <stdlib.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <async.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <adapters/ae.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <unistd.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <pthread.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <semaphore.h> </span> } <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <string> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <vector> </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">using</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">namespace</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">std</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> CRedisSubClient { <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span>: CRedisSubClient(); ~CRedisSubClient(); <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> init(); <span class="hljs-comment">//初始化,事件对象,信号量 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> uninit(); <span class="hljs-comment">//释放对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> connect(); <span class="hljs-comment">//连接服务器</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> disconnect(); <span class="hljs-comment">//断开服务器</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//订阅频道 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> subscribe(<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">string</span> &channel_name); <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span>: <span class="hljs-comment">// 下面三个回调函数供redis服务调用 </span> <span class="hljs-comment">// 连接回调 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> connect_callback(<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> redisAsyncContext *redis_context, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> status); <span class="hljs-comment">// 断开连接的回调 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> disconnect_callback(<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> redisAsyncContext *redis_context, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> status); <span class="hljs-comment">// 执行命令回调 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> command_callback(redisAsyncContext *redis_context, <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *reply, <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *privdata); <span class="hljs-comment">// 事件分发线程函数 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *event_thread(<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *data); <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *event_proc(); <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span>: <span class="hljs-comment">// ae事件对象 </span> aeEventLoop *loop; <span class="hljs-comment">// 事件线程ID </span> pthread_t _event_thread; <span class="hljs-comment">// 事件线程的信号量 </span> sem_t _event_sem; <span class="hljs-comment">// hiredis异步对象 </span> redisAsyncContext *_redis_context; }; <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#endif </span> </code>
使用extern “C”是因为redis和hiredis都是c写的,当使用c++链接c代码生成的库中的函数时,会出现undefined reference的问题。
订阅端的实现
<code class=" hljs cpp"><span class="hljs-comment">//sub_client.cpp</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <stddef.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <assert.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <string.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include "sub_client.h" </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">using</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">namespace</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">std</span>; CRedisSubClient::CRedisSubClient():loop(<span class="hljs-number">0</span>), _event_thread(<span class="hljs-number">0</span>), _redis_context(<span class="hljs-number">0</span>) { } CRedisSubClient::~CRedisSubClient() { } <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> CRedisSubClient::init() { loop = aeCreateEventLoop(<span class="hljs-number">64</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">// 创建ae对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (NULL == loop) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Create redis event failed.\n"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-built_in">memset</span>(&_event_sem, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword">sizeof</span>(_event_sem)); <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> ret = sem_init(&_event_sem, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">//初始化线程信号量</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (ret != <span class="hljs-number">0</span>) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Init sem failed.\n"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> CRedisSubClient::uninit() { loop = NULL; sem_destroy(&_event_sem); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> CRedisSubClient::connect() { _redis_context = redisAsyncConnect(<span class="hljs-string">"127.0.0.1"</span>, <span class="hljs-number">6379</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">// 异步连接到redis服务器上,使用6380端口</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (NULL == _redis_context) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">": Connect redis failed.\n"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (_redis_context->err) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Connect redis error: %d, %s\n"</span>, _redis_context->err, _redis_context->errstr); <span class="hljs-comment">// 输出错误信息 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; } redisAeAttach(loop,_redis_context); <span class="hljs-comment">// 将事件绑定到redis context上,使redis的回调跟事件关联 </span> <span class="hljs-comment">// 创建事件处理线程 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> ret = pthread_create(&_event_thread, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, &CRedisSubscriber::event_thread, <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (ret != <span class="hljs-number">0</span>) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Create event thread failed.\n"</span>); disconnect(); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-comment">// 设置连接回调,当异步调用连接后,服务器处理连接请求结束后调用,通知调用者连接的状态 </span> redisAsyncSetConnectCallback(_redis_context, &CRedisSubClient::connect_callback); <span class="hljs-comment">// 设置断开连接回调,当服务器断开连接后,通知调用者连接断开,调用者可以利用这个函数实现重连 </span> redisAsyncSetDisconnectCallback(_redis_context, &CRedisSubClient::disconnect_callback); <span class="hljs-comment">// 启动事件线程 </span> sem_post(&_event_sem); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> CRedisSubClient::disconnect() { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (_redis_context) { redisAsyncDisconnect(_redis_context); redisAsyncFree(_redis_context); _redis_context = NULL; } <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> CRedisSubClient::subscribe(<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">string</span> &channel_name) { <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> ret = redisAsyncCommand(_redis_context, &CRedisSubscriber::command_callback, <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"SUBSCRIBE %s"</span>, channel_name.c_str()); <span class="hljs-comment">//订阅一个频道</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (REDIS_ERR == ret) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Subscribe command failed: %d\n"</span>, ret); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Subscribe success: %s\n"</span>, channel_name.c_str()); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> CRedisSubClient::connect_callback(<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> redisAsyncContext *redis_context, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> status) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (status != REDIS_OK) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Error: %s\n"</span>, redis_context->errstr); } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Redis connected!"</span>); } } <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> CRedisSubClient::disconnect_callback( <span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> redisAsyncContext *redis_context, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> status) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (status != REDIS_OK) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">": Error: %s\n"</span>, redis_context->errstr); } } <span class="hljs-comment">// 消息接收回调函数 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> CRedisSubClient::command_callback(redisAsyncContext *redis_context, <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *reply, <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *privdata) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (NULL == reply || NULL == privdata) { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> ; } redisReply *redis_reply = <span class="hljs-keyword">reinterpret_cast</span><redisReply *>(reply); <span class="hljs-comment">// 订阅接收到的消息是一个带三元素的数组 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (redis_reply->type == REDIS_REPLY_ARRAY && redis_reply->elements == <span class="hljs-number">3</span>) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Recieve message:%s %s %s\n"</span>, redis_reply->element[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>]->str redis_reply->element[<span class="hljs-number">1</span>]->str redis_reply->element[<span class="hljs-number">2</span>]->str); } } <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *CRedisSubClient::event_thread(<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *data) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (NULL == data) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">": Error!\n"</span>); assert(<span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> NULL; } CRedisSubClient *self_this = <span class="hljs-keyword">reinterpret_cast</span><CRedisSubClient *>(data); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> self_this->event_proc(); } <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *CRedisSubClient::event_proc() { sem_wait(&_event_sem); <span class="hljs-comment">//进行事件处理循环 </span> aeMain(loop); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> NULL; } </code>
发布端的封装:
<code class=" hljs cpp"><span class="hljs-comment">//pub_client.h</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#ifndef REDIS_PUB_CLIENT_H </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#define REDIS_PUB_CLIENT_H </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extern</span> <span class="hljs-string">"C"</span> { <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <stdlib.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <async.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <adapters/ae.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <unistd.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <pthread.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <semaphore.h> </span> } <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <string> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <vector> </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">using</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">namespace</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">std</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> CRedisPubClient { <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span>: CRedisPubClient(); ~CRedisPubClient(); <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> init(); <span class="hljs-comment">//初始化,事件对象,信号量 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> uninit(); <span class="hljs-comment">//释放对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> connect(); <span class="hljs-comment">//连接服务器</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> disconnect(); <span class="hljs-comment">//断开服务器</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//订阅频道 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> publish(<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">string</span> &channel_name, <span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">string</span> &message); <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span>: <span class="hljs-comment">// 下面三个回调函数供redis服务调用 </span> <span class="hljs-comment">// 连接回调 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> connect_callback(<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> redisAsyncContext *redis_context, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> status); <span class="hljs-comment">// 断开连接的回调 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> disconnect_callback(<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> redisAsyncContext *redis_context, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> status); <span class="hljs-comment">// 执行命令回调 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> command_callback(redisAsyncContext *redis_context, <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *reply, <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *privdata); <span class="hljs-comment">// 事件分发线程函数 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *event_thread(<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *data); <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *event_proc(); <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span>: <span class="hljs-comment">// ae事件对象 </span> aeEventLoop *loop; <span class="hljs-comment">// 事件线程ID </span> pthread_t _event_thread; <span class="hljs-comment">// 事件线程的信号量 </span> sem_t _event_sem; <span class="hljs-comment">// hiredis异步对象 </span> redisAsyncContext *_redis_context; }; <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#endif </span></code>
发布端的实现:
<code class=" hljs cpp"><span class="hljs-comment">//pub_client.cpp</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <stddef.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <assert.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include <string.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include "pub_client.h" </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">using</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">namespace</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">std</span>; CRedisPubClient::CRedisPubClient():loop(<span class="hljs-number">0</span>), _event_thread(<span class="hljs-number">0</span>), _redis_context(<span class="hljs-number">0</span>) { } CRedisPubClient::~CRedisPubClient() { } <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> CRedisPubClient::init() { loop = aeCreateEventLoop(<span class="hljs-number">64</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">// 创建ae对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (NULL == loop) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Create redis event failed.\n"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-built_in">memset</span>(&_event_sem, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword">sizeof</span>(_event_sem)); <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> ret = sem_init(&_event_sem, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">//初始化线程信号量</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (ret != <span class="hljs-number">0</span>) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Init sem failed.\n"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> CRedisPubClient::uninit() { loop = NULL; sem_destroy(&_event_sem); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> CRedisPubClient::connect() { _redis_context = redisAsyncConnect(<span class="hljs-string">"127.0.0.1"</span>, <span class="hljs-number">6379</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">// 异步连接到redis服务器上,使用6380端口</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (NULL == _redis_context) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">": Connect redis failed.\n"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (_redis_context->err) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Connect redis error: %d, %s\n"</span>, _redis_context->err, _redis_context->errstr); <span class="hljs-comment">// 输出错误信息 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; } redisAeAttach(loop,_redis_context); <span class="hljs-comment">// 将事件绑定到redis context上,使redis的回调跟事件关联 </span> <span class="hljs-comment">// 创建事件处理线程 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> ret = pthread_create(&_event_thread, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, &CRedisSubscriber::event_thread, <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (ret != <span class="hljs-number">0</span>) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Create event thread failed.\n"</span>); disconnect(); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-comment">// 设置连接回调,当异步调用连接后,服务器处理连接请求结束后调用,通知调用者连接的状态 </span> redisAsyncSetConnectCallback(_redis_context, &CRedisSubClient::connect_callback); <span class="hljs-comment">// 设置断开连接回调,当服务器断开连接后,通知调用者连接断开,调用者可以利用这个函数实现重连 </span> redisAsyncSetDisconnectCallback(_redis_context, &CRedisSubClient::disconnect_callback); <span class="hljs-comment">// 启动事件线程 </span> sem_post(&_event_sem); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> CRedisPubClient::disconnect() { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (_redis_context) { redisAsyncDisconnect(_redis_context); redisAsyncFree(_redis_context); _redis_context = NULL; } <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> CRedisPubClient::publish(<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">string</span> &channel_name, <span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">string</span> &message) { <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> ret = redisAsyncCommand(_redis_context, &CRedisPublisher::command_callback, <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"PUBLISH %s %s"</span>, channel_name.c_str(), message.c_str()); <span class="hljs-comment">//发布消息 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (REDIS_ERR == ret) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Publish command failed: %d\n"</span>, ret); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> CRedisPubClient::connect_callback(<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> redisAsyncContext *redis_context, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> status) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (status != REDIS_OK) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Error: %s\n"</span>, redis_context->errstr); } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Redis connected!"</span>); } } <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> CRedisPubClient::disconnect_callback( <span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> redisAsyncContext *redis_context, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> status) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (status != REDIS_OK) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">": Error: %s\n"</span>, redis_context->errstr); } } <span class="hljs-comment">// 消息接收回调函数 </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> CRedisPubClient::command_callback(redisAsyncContext *redis_context, <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *reply, <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *privdata) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (NULL == reply || NULL == privdata) { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> ; } redisReply *redis_reply = <span class="hljs-keyword">reinterpret_cast</span><redisReply *>(reply); <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Publish: %s"</span>,redis_reply.str); } <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *CRedisPubClient::event_thread(<span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *data) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (NULL == data) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">": Error!\n"</span>); assert(<span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> NULL; } CRedisPubClient *self_this = <span class="hljs-keyword">reinterpret_cast</span><CRedisPubClient *>(data); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> self_this->event_proc(); } <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> *CRedisPubClient::event_proc() { sem_wait(&_event_sem); <span class="hljs-comment">//进行事件处理循环 </span> aeMain(loop); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> NULL; } </code>
测试封装的sub_client和pub_client类:
<code class=" hljs cpp"><span class="hljs-comment">//test_subpub.cpp</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include "pub_client.h"</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor">#include "sub_client.h" </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> main(<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> argc, <span class="hljs-keyword">char</span> *argv[]) { CRedisPubClient publisher; CRedisSubClient subcriber; <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> ret_pub = publisher.init(); <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> ret_sub = subcriber.init(); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (!ret_sub&&!ret_pub) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"Init failed.\n"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-number">0</span>; } ret_pub = publisher.connect(); ret_sub = subcriber.connect(); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (!ret_sub&&!ret_pub) { <span class="hljs-built_in">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"connect failed."</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-number">0</span>; } subscriber.subcribe(<span class="hljs-string">"sports"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">while</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>) { publisher.publish(<span class="hljs-string">"sports"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"ball"</span>); sleep(<span class="hljs-number">1</span>); } publisher.disconnect(); publisher.uninit(); subscriber.disconnect(); subscriber.disconnect(); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-number">0</span>; } </code>
终于到了编译链接运行的阶段,我在这个地方卡了快一天,期间各种编译、链接的错误。直接编译链接会出现找到不aeCreateFileEvent,aeDeleteFileEvent,aeMain等等错误。
- 先将redis/src文件夹中的ae.c,ae.h,ae_epoll.c,config.h,zmalloc.c,zmalloc.h拷贝至hiredis目录下
- 用gcc -c ae.c gcc -c zmalloc.c生成ae.o和zmalloc.o,利用这两个文件生成静态库 ar -r libar.a ae.o zmalloc.o
- 然后编译g++ -o test_subpub test_subpub.cpp pub_client.cpp sub_client.cpp -pthread -I ../ -I./ -I ../adapters ../libhiredis.a ../libae.a
- 运行./test_subpub
可以看到,客户端中消息在不断地滚动,即同时实现了订阅频道和发送消息的功能。

MySQL和SQLite的主要區別在於設計理念和使用場景:1.MySQL適用於大型應用和企業級解決方案,支持高性能和高並發;2.SQLite適合移動應用和桌面軟件,輕量級且易於嵌入。

MySQL中的索引是數據庫表中一列或多列的有序結構,用於加速數據檢索。 1)索引通過減少掃描數據量提升查詢速度。 2)B-Tree索引利用平衡樹結構,適合範圍查詢和排序。 3)創建索引使用CREATEINDEX語句,如CREATEINDEXidx_customer_idONorders(customer_id)。 4)複合索引可優化多列查詢,如CREATEINDEXidx_customer_orderONorders(customer_id,order_date)。 5)使用EXPLAIN分析查詢計劃,避

在MySQL中使用事務可以確保數據一致性。 1)通過STARTTRANSACTION開始事務,執行SQL操作後用COMMIT提交或ROLLBACK回滾。 2)使用SAVEPOINT可以設置保存點,允許部分回滾。 3)性能優化建議包括縮短事務時間、避免大規模查詢和合理使用隔離級別。

選擇PostgreSQL而非MySQL的場景包括:1)需要復雜查詢和高級SQL功能,2)要求嚴格的數據完整性和ACID遵從性,3)需要高級空間功能,4)處理大數據集時需要高性能。 PostgreSQL在這些方面表現出色,適合需要復雜數據處理和高數據完整性的項目。

MySQL數據庫的安全可以通過以下措施實現:1.用戶權限管理:通過CREATEUSER和GRANT命令嚴格控制訪問權限。 2.加密傳輸:配置SSL/TLS確保數據傳輸安全。 3.數據庫備份和恢復:使用mysqldump或mysqlpump定期備份數據。 4.高級安全策略:使用防火牆限制訪問,並啟用審計日誌記錄操作。 5.性能優化與最佳實踐:通過索引和查詢優化以及定期維護兼顧安全和性能。

如何有效監控MySQL性能?使用mysqladmin、SHOWGLOBALSTATUS、PerconaMonitoringandManagement(PMM)和MySQLEnterpriseMonitor等工具。 1.使用mysqladmin查看連接數。 2.用SHOWGLOBALSTATUS查看查詢數。 3.PMM提供詳細性能數據和圖形化界面。 4.MySQLEnterpriseMonitor提供豐富的監控功能和報警機制。

MySQL和SQLServer的区别在于:1)MySQL是开源的,适用于Web和嵌入式系统,2)SQLServer是微软的商业产品,适用于企业级应用。两者在存储引擎、性能优化和应用场景上有显著差异,选择时需考虑项目规模和未来扩展性。

在需要高可用性、高級安全性和良好集成性的企業級應用場景下,應選擇SQLServer而不是MySQL。 1)SQLServer提供企業級功能,如高可用性和高級安全性。 2)它與微軟生態系統如VisualStudio和PowerBI緊密集成。 3)SQLServer在性能優化方面表現出色,支持內存優化表和列存儲索引。


熱AI工具

Undresser.AI Undress
人工智慧驅動的應用程序,用於創建逼真的裸體照片

AI Clothes Remover
用於從照片中去除衣服的線上人工智慧工具。

Undress AI Tool
免費脫衣圖片

Clothoff.io
AI脫衣器

Video Face Swap
使用我們完全免費的人工智慧換臉工具,輕鬆在任何影片中換臉!

熱門文章

熱工具

禪工作室 13.0.1
強大的PHP整合開發環境

Dreamweaver CS6
視覺化網頁開發工具

EditPlus 中文破解版
體積小,語法高亮,不支援程式碼提示功能

SublimeText3 英文版
推薦:為Win版本,支援程式碼提示!

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows
這個專案正在遷移到osdn.net/projects/mingw的過程中,你可以繼續在那裡關注我們。 MinGW:GNU編譯器集合(GCC)的本機Windows移植版本,可自由分發的導入函式庫和用於建置本機Windows應用程式的頭檔;包括對MSVC執行時間的擴展,以支援C99功能。 MinGW的所有軟體都可以在64位元Windows平台上運作。