Data transmission between computers or computers and terminals can be carried out in two ways: serial communication and parallel communication. The serial communication method is widely used because it uses fewer lines and is low-cost, especially in long-distance transmission, because it avoids the inconsistency of the characteristics of multiple lines. In serial communication, both communicating parties are required to use a standard interface so that different devices can be easily connected for communication. The RS-232-C interface (also known as EIA RS-232-C) is currently the most commonly used serial communication interface. It is a standard for serial communications developed in 1970 by the Electronic Industries Association (EIA) in conjunction with the Bell System, modem manufacturers and computer terminal manufacturers. Its full name is "Technical Standard for Serial Binary Data Exchange Interface between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Communications Equipment (DCE)." The standard specifies the use of a 25-pin DB25 connector, with each pin of the connector The signal content of the pin is specified, and the levels of various signals are also specified.
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