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c - 关于waitpid函数的一个疑问

"深入理解计算机系统"一书中的两个例子, 利用waitpid函数回收僵死子进程。

#include "csapp.h"
#define N 30

int main()
{
  int status, i;
  pid_t pid;
  
  for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
    if ((pid = Fork()) == 0)
      exit(100+i);
  
  while ((pid = waitpid(-1, &status, 0)) > 0) {
    if (WIFEXITED(status))
      printf("child %d terminated normally with exit status=%d\n",
         pid, WEXITSTATUS(status));
    else
      printf("child %d terminated abnormally\n", pid);
  }
  
  if (errno != ECHILD)
    unix_error("waitpid error");
  
  exit(0);

另一个程序对这个程序稍作改动:

#include "csapp.h"
#define N 30

int main()
{
  int status, i;
  pid_t pid[N], retpid;
  
  for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
    if ((pid[i] = Fork()) == 0)
      exit(100+i);
  
  i = 0;
  while ((retpid = waitpid(pid[i++], &status, 0)) > 0) {
    if (WIFEXITED(status))
      printf("child %d terminated normally with exit status=%d\n",
         retpid, WEXITSTATUS(status));
    else
      printf("child %d terminated abnormally\n", retpid);
  }

  if (errno != ECHILD)
    unix_error("waitpid error");
  
  exit(0);
}

书上说第一个程序不会按照创建进程的顺序回收僵死进程,而第二个会。然而我实验的结果却是两者都是按创建顺序回收的,为什么会这样?环境是ubuntu。

天蓬老师天蓬老师2761 days ago533

reply all(1)I'll reply

  • PHP中文网

    PHP中文网2017-04-24 09:11:05

    Because your process is at fork之后exit,可能会造成这种巧合的情况,但是如果你的程序干一些事情。比如你可以尝试让进程随机睡眠n秒,然后再exit, the first method is obviously unlikely to work.

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