php - Make URLs prettier?

Question

I want to render the Chinese URL
and then convert some special characters into "-"

$patten = array(
        '！',
        '!',
        '?',
        '？',
        '~',
        '～',
        '「',
        '」',
        ',',
        '，',
        '.',
        '。'
    );
$zh_url = str_replace(' ','',str_replace($patten,'-',strtolower($title)));

Like this
Only two "--" sometimes appear
How to make the string automatically become "one" when there are two or more (inclusive) "--"
xx -x--xxxx--xxx
becomes
xx-x-xxxx-xxx

Then if there is more than one "-" at the end of the string, remove it?
For example, xxxxxxx-xxx-- becomes xxxxxxx-xxx

Answer 1

$zh_url = preg_replace('#-{2,}#', '-', trim(str_replace(' ', '', str_replace($patten, '-', strtolower($title))), '-'));

update:

$zh_url = preg_replace('#-{2,}#', '-', preg_replace('#^-{2,}|-{2,}$#', '', str_replace(' ', '', str_replace($patten, '-', strtolower($title)))));