Tingkatkan model pengguna

Question

Saya cuba memanjangkan model Pengguna dengan jadual lain (Profil) untuk mendapatkan gambar profil, lokasi, dsb.

Bolehkah saya mengatasi fungsi index() model Pengguna untuk melakukan ini?

Kod model semasa:

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;
use Laravel\Sanctum\HasApiTokens;

class User extends Authenticatable
{
    use HasApiTokens, HasFactory, Notifiable;

    protected $fillable = [
        'name',
        'email',
        'password',
        'user_group'
    ];

    protected $hidden = [
        'password',
        'remember_token',
    ];

    protected $casts = [
        'email_verified_at' => 'datetime',
    ];
}

Answer 1

Apa yang anda mahu lakukan adalah dalam User 模型和新的Profile 模型之间建立关系。为此，您首先需要创建一个模型 Profile 及其关联的 Tabble profiles

php artisan make:model Profile --migration

Fail dalam databasemigrations中应该有一个名为2022_11_28_223831_create_profiles_table.php

Sekarang anda perlu menambah kunci asing untuk menunjukkan pengguna yang mempunyai profil ini.

public function up()
{
    Schema::create('profiles', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->id();
        // $table->string('path_to_picture')
        // user id
        $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->onDelete('cascade');
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}

Sekarang tambah fungsi berikut dalam model pengguna anda

public function profile()
{
    return $this->hasOne(Profile::class);
}

Dalam model profil anda

public function user()
{
    return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
}

Larikanphp artisan migrate dan semuanya harus berfungsi seperti yang diharapkan

Jika anda ingin menguji sama ada hubungan itu berfungsi seperti yang diharapkan, buat kes ujian baharu

php artisan make:test ProfileUserRelationTest

di testsFeatureProfileUserRelationTest.php

<?php

namespace Tests\Feature;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\WithFaker;
use Tests\TestCase;
use App\Models\User;
use App\Models\Profile;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;

class ProfileUserRelationTest extends TestCase
{
    use RefreshDatabase;
    public function test_the_relation_between_user_and_profile_works()
    {
        $user = User::create([
            'name' => 'John Doe',
            'email' => 'jd@example.com',
            'password' => Hash::make('password'),
        ]);
        $profile = new Profile();
        $profile->user_id = $user->id;
        $profile->save();

        $this->assertEquals($user->id, $profile->user->id);
        $this->assertEquals($user->name, $profile->user->name);
        $this->assertEquals($profile->id, $user->profile->id);
    }
}

Kini anda boleh berlari php artisan test untuk melihat sama ada semuanya baik-baik saja.

AwasIni akan menyegarkan pangkalan data anda! Jadi jangan uji dalam pengeluaran.

Keluaran sepatutnya kelihatan seperti ini

PASS  Tests\Unit\ExampleTest
  ✓ that true is true

   PASS  Tests\Feature\ExampleTest
  ✓ the application returns a successful response

   PASS  Tests\Feature\ProfileUserRelationTest
  ✓ the relation between user and profile works

  Tests:  3 passed
  Time:   0.35s

Ketahui lebih lanjut tentang perhubungan dalam Laravel: https://laravel.com/docs/9.x/eloquent-relationships

Ketahui lebih lanjut tentang migrasi: https://laravel.com/docs/9.x/migrations

Alternatif

$user = User::create([
    'name' => 'John Doe',
    'email' => 'jd@example.com',
    'password' => Hash::make('password'),
]);

$user->profile()->create(...); // replace the ... with the things you want to insert you dont need to add the user_id since it will automatically added it. It will still work like the one above.