Tutorial menulis permainan kecil dalam Java: No Snake Game

Kod

Ular, pengambilan pil

Coordinate Point.java

Rekod nilai koordinat mendatar dan menegak.

package cn.xeblog.snake.model;

import java.util.Objects;

/**
 * 坐标
 *
 * @author anlingyi
 * @date 2022/8/2 3:35 PM
 */
public class Point {

    public int x;

    public int y;

    public Point(int x, int y) {
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
        Point point = (Point) o;
        return x == point.x && y == point.y;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return Objects.hash(x, y);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Point{" +
                "x=" + x +
                ", y=" + y +
                '}';
    }

}

Arah bergerak.java

Menyediakan penghitungan empat arah bergerak: atas, bawah, kiri dan kanan.

package cn.xeblog.snake.model;

/**
 * @author anlingyi
 * @date 2022/8/2 5:25 PM
 */
public enum Direction {
    UP,
    DOWN,
    LEFT,
    RIGHT
}

Snake.java

menyimpan maklumat koordinat badan ular dan menyediakan kaedah untuk menggerakkan badan ular, mengeluarkan koordinat ekor ular, mendapatkan kepala ular, koordinat badan ekor ular, koordinat badan ekor ular panjang, dll.

Berikut ialah prinsip pergerakan ular: Apabila permainan bermula, arah bergerak akan ditetapkan, dan ular akan sentiasa bergerak ke arah ini Kita boleh menukar arah pergerakan ular melalui kekunci anak panah. Bergerak sebenarnya bermaksud menggerakkan koordinat badan ular Sebagai contoh, panjang badan ular (tidak termasuk kepala ular) ialah 6. Apabila bergerak, anda hanya perlu menggerakkan koordinat badan ular pada kedudukan 5 ke. koordinat kedudukan 6, dan panjang badan ular pada kedudukan 4. Untuk mengalihkan koordinat ke koordinat pada kedudukan 5, secara ringkasnya, ia bermaksud menukar koordinat sebelumnya kepada yang di belakangnya badan ular Pergerakan kepala ular perlu dikira secara berasingan Jika ia bergerak ke atas dan ke bawah, ia adalah pergerakan y Untuk operasi tambah dan tolak koordinat, pergerakan ke atas memerlukan penolakan ketinggian badan ular. manakala pergerakan ke bawah memerlukan penambahan ketinggian badan ular Begitu juga dengan pergerakan kiri dan kanan.

package cn.xeblog.snake.model;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 蛇
 *
 * @author anlingyi
 * @date 2022/8/2 3:32 PM
 */
public class Snake {

    public static int width = 10;

    public static int height = 10;

    /**
     * 蛇身坐标列表
     */
    public List<Point> body;

    public Snake(List<Point> body) {
        this.body = body;
    }

    /**
     * 添加蛇身坐标
     *
     * @param x
     * @param y
     */
    public void add(int x, int y) {
        this.body.add(new Point(x * width, y * height));
    }

    /**
     * 移除蛇尾坐标
     */
    public void removeLast() {
        int size = size();
        if (size == 0) {
            return;
        }

        this.body.remove(size - 1);
    }

    /**
     * 获取蛇头坐标
     *
     * @return
     */
    public Point getHead() {
        if (size() > 0) {
            return this.body.get(0);
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 获取蛇尾坐标
     *
     * @return
     */
    public Point getTail() {
        int size = size();
        if (size > 0) {
            return this.body.get(size - 1);
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 蛇身长度
     *
     * @return
     */
    public int size() {
        return this.body.size();
    }

    /**
     * 蛇移动
     *
     * @param direction 移动方向
     */
    public void move(Direction direction) {
        if (size() == 0) {
            return;
        }

        for (int i = this.size() - 1; i > 0; i--) {
            // 从蛇尾开始向前移动
            Point point = this.body.get(i);
            Point nextPoint = this.body.get(i - 1);
            point.x = nextPoint.x;
            point.y = nextPoint.y;
        }

        // 蛇头移动
        Point head = getHead();
        switch (direction) {
            case UP:
                head.y -= height;
                break;
            case DOWN:
                head.y += height;
                break;
            case LEFT:
                head.x -= width;
                break;
            case RIGHT:
                head.x += width;
                break;
        }
    }

}

Pil Pill.java

menyimpan koordinat dan jenis maklumat "pil".

package cn.xeblog.snake.model;

/**
 * 药丸
 *
 * @author anlingyi
 * @date 2022/8/2 4:49 PM
 */
public class Pill {

    public static int width = 10;

    public static int height = 10;

    /**
     * 坐标
     */
    public Point point;

    /**
     * 药丸类型
     */
    public PillType pillType;

    public enum PillType {
        /**
         * 红色药丸
         */
        RED(5),
        /**
         * 蓝色药丸
         */
        BLUE(2),
        /**
         * 绿色药丸
         */
        GREEN(1),
        ;

        /**
         * 分数
         */
        public int score;

        PillType(int score) {
            this.score = score;
        }
    }

    public Pill(int x, int y, PillType pillType) {
        this.point = new Point(x * width, y * height);
        this.pillType = pillType;
    }

}

Antara muka permainan

Mulakan beberapa maklumat, seperti lebar dan ketinggian antara muka permainan, pemasa, beberapa penunjuk status (sama ada untuk menghentikan permainan, sama ada permainan dimenangi) dan pantau beberapa peristiwa penting (bar ruang untuk memulakan / Jeda permainan, gunakan kekunci empat arah untuk mengawal arah pergerakan ular) dan lukis skrin permainan.

Apabila dikesan bahawa permainan bermula, maklumat lokasi ular dan "pil" dimulakan, dan kemudian pemasa mula melukis semula skrin permainan sekali-sekala supaya ular boleh bergerak .

Apabila dikesan ular menggigit anda atau ular melanggar dinding, status permainan akan ditandakan sebagai "Game Failed", skrin penamat permainan akan dilukis dan pemasa akan berhenti badan ular ialah 0, permainan akan tamat , status permainan ditandakan sebagai "Permainan Menang".

package cn.xeblog.snake.ui;

import cn.xeblog.snake.model.Direction;
import cn.xeblog.snake.model.Pill;
import cn.xeblog.snake.model.Point;
import cn.xeblog.snake.model.Snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 * @author anlingyi
 * @date 2022/8/2 3:51 PM
 */
public class SnakeGameUI extends JPanel implements ActionListener {

    /**
     * 宽度
     */
    private int width;

    /**
     * 高度
     */
    private int height;


    /**
     * 蛇
     */
    private Snake snake;

    /**
     * 药丸
     */
    private Pill pill;

    /**
     * 移动方向
     */
    private Direction direction;

    /**
     * 停止游戏标记
     */
    private boolean stop;

    /**
     * 游戏状态 0.初始化 1.游戏胜利 2.游戏失败
     */
    private int state = -1;

    /**
     * 定时器
     */
    private Timer timer;

    /**
     * 移动速度
     */
    private int speed = 100;

    /**
     * 分数
     */
    private int score;

    /**
     * 特殊药丸列表
     */
    private ArrayList<Pill.PillType> specialPill;

    public SnakeGameUI(int width, int height) {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
        this.timer = new Timer(speed, this);
        this.stop = true;

        initPanel();
    }

    /**
     * 初始化
     */
    private void init() {
        this.score = 0;
        this.state = 0;
        this.stop = true;
        this.timer.setDelay(speed);

        initSnake();
        initPill();
        generatePill();
        repaint();
    }

    /**
     * 初始化游戏面板
     */
    private void initPanel() {
        this.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(this.width, this.height));
        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                if (stop && e.getKeyCode() != KeyEvent.VK_SPACE) {
                    return;
                }

                switch (e.getKeyCode()) {
                    case KeyEvent.VK_UP:
                        if (direction == Direction.DOWN) {
                            break;
                        }

                        direction = Direction.UP;
                        break;
                    case KeyEvent.VK_DOWN:
                        if (direction == Direction.UP) {
                            break;
                        }

                        direction = Direction.DOWN;
                        break;
                    case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT:
                        if (direction == Direction.RIGHT) {
                            break;
                        }

                        direction = Direction.LEFT;
                        break;
                    case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT:
                        if (direction == Direction.LEFT) {
                            break;
                        }

                        direction = Direction.RIGHT;
                        break;
                    case KeyEvent.VK_SPACE:
                        if (state != 0) {
                            init();
                        }

                        stop = !stop;
                        if (!stop) {
                            timer.start();
                        }
                        break;
                }
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 初始化蛇
     */
    private void initSnake() {
        this.direction = Direction.LEFT;
        int maxX = this.width / Snake.width;
        int maxY = this.height / Snake.height;

        this.snake = new Snake(new ArrayList<>());
        this.snake.add(maxX - 2, 3);
        this.snake.add(maxX - 1, 3);
        this.snake.add(maxX - 1, 2);
        this.snake.add(maxX - 1, 1);
        for (int i = maxX - 1; i > 0; i--) {
            this.snake.add(i, 1);
        }
        for (int i = 1; i < maxY - 1; i++) {
            this.snake.add(1, i);
        }
        for (int i = 1; i < maxX - 1; i++) {
            this.snake.add(i, maxY - 2);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 初始化药丸
     */
    private void initPill() {
        this.specialPill = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            this.specialPill.add(Pill.PillType.RED);
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            this.specialPill.add(Pill.PillType.BLUE);
        }

        Collections.shuffle(specialPill);
    }

    /**
     * 生成药丸
     */
    private void generatePill() {
        // 是否获取特殊药丸
        boolean getSpecialPill = new Random().nextInt(6) == 3;
        Pill.PillType pillType;
        if (getSpecialPill && this.specialPill.size() > 0) {
            // 生成特殊药丸
            int index = new Random().nextInt(this.specialPill.size());
            pillType = this.specialPill.get(index);
            this.specialPill.remove(index);
        } else {
            // 生成绿色药丸
            pillType = Pill.PillType.GREEN;
        }

        // 随机坐标
        int x = new Random().nextInt(this.width / Pill.width - 1);
        int y = new Random().nextInt(this.height / Pill.height - 1);
        this.pill = new Pill(x, y, pillType);
    }

    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);

        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
        g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_ON);
        g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);

        g2.setColor(new Color(66, 66, 66));
        g2.fillRect(0, 0, this.width, this.height);

        if (this.snake != null) {
            // 画蛇
            g2.setColor(new Color(255, 255, 255));
            for (int i = this.snake.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                Point point = this.snake.body.get(i);
                if (i == 0) {
                    // 蛇头
                    g2.setColor(new Color(255, 92, 92));
                } else {
                    g2.setColor(new Color(215, 173, 173));
                }

                g2.fillRect(point.x, point.y, Snake.width, Snake.height);
            }
        }

        if (this.pill != null) {
            // 画药丸
            Color pillColor;
            switch (this.pill.pillType) {
                case RED:
                    pillColor = new Color(255, 41, 41);
                    break;
                case BLUE:
                    pillColor = new Color(20, 250, 243);
                    break;
                default:
                    pillColor = new Color(97, 255, 113);
                    break;
            }

            g2.setColor(pillColor);
            g2.fillOval(pill.point.x, pill.point.y, Pill.width, Pill.height);
        }

        if (state > 0) {
            // 显示游戏结果
            String tips = "游戏失败！";
            if (state == 1) {
                tips = "游戏胜利！";
            }
            g2.setFont(new Font("", Font.BOLD, 20));
            g2.setColor(new Color(208, 74, 74));
            g2.drawString(tips, this.width / 3, this.height / 3);

            g2.setFont(new Font("", Font.PLAIN, 18));
            g2.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            g2.drawString("得分：" + this.score, this.width / 2, this.height / 3 + 50);
        }

        if (stop) {
            g2.setFont(new Font("", Font.PLAIN, 18));
            g2.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            g2.drawString("按空格键开始/暂停游戏！", this.width / 4, this.height - 50);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        // 是否吃药
        boolean isAte = false;
        if (!this.stop) {
            // 移动蛇
            this.snake.move(this.direction);
            Point head = this.snake.getHead();
            if (head.equals(this.pill.point)) {
                // 吃药了
                isAte = true;
                // 药丸分数
                int getScore = this.pill.pillType.score;
                // 累计分数
                this.score += getScore;
                for (int i = 0; i < getScore; i++) {
                    // 移除蛇尾
                    this.snake.removeLast();
                    if (this.snake.size() == 0) {
                        // 游戏胜利
                        this.state = 1;
                        this.stop = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }

                pill = null;
                if (this.score % 10 == 0) {
                    int curSpeed = this.timer.getDelay();
                    if (curSpeed > 30) {
                        // 加速
                        this.timer.setDelay(curSpeed - 10);
                    }
                }
            }

            if (state == 0) {
                // 判断蛇有没有咬到自己或是撞墙
                int maxWidth = this.width - this.snake.width;
                int maxHeight = this.height - this.snake.height;
                boolean isHitWall = head.x > maxWidth || head.x < 0 || head.y > maxHeight || head.y < 0;
                boolean isBiting = false;
                for (int i = this.snake.size() - 1; i > 0; i--) {
                    if (head.equals(this.snake.body.get(i))) {
                        isBiting = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }

                if (isHitWall || isBiting) {
                    // 游戏失败
                    this.state = 2;
                    this.stop = true;
                }
            }
        }

        if (this.stop) {
            this.timer.stop();
        } else if (isAte) {
            // 重新生成药丸
            generatePill();
        }

        repaint();
    }

}

Kelas permulaan

Pintu masuk permulaan permainan.

rreeee

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