Bagaimana untuk menghantar permintaan HTTP menggunakan HttpClient terbina dalam Java?

1. Kelas pengurusan sijil amanah

package cn.wja.component;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;


class MyX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
    @Override
    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s)  {
    }

    @Override
    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s)  {
    }

    @Override
    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
        return null;
    }

    public static TrustManager[] getTrustManagers() {
        TrustManager[] trustAllCertificates = {new MyX509TrustManager()};
        return trustAllCertificates;
    }
}

2 kelas HttpClient

package cn.wja.component;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLParameters;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import java.net.http.HttpClient;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.time.Duration;

public class MyHttpClient {
    static public HttpClient getClient() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {
        TrustManager[] trustManagers = MyX509TrustManager.getTrustManagers();
        var timeoutInSeconds = 60;
        SSLParameters sslParams = new SSLParameters();
        sslParams.setEndpointIdentificationAlgorithm("");
        SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
        //取消主机名验证
        System.setProperty("jdk.internal.httpclient.disableHostnameVerification", "true");
        sc.init(null, trustManagers, new SecureRandom());
        return HttpClient.newBuilder()
                .connectTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(timeoutInSeconds * 1000))
                .sslContext(sc)
                .sslParameters(sslParams)
                .followRedirects(HttpClient.Redirect.NEVER)
                .version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_2)
                .build();
    }
}

3 Hantar permintaan kelas

package cn.wja.util;

import cn.wja.component.MyHttpClient;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.http.HttpClient;
import java.net.http.HttpRequest;
import java.net.http.HttpResponse;


import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;

public class HttpUtils {

    public static HttpResponse<String> sendGet(String urlStr, String cookieStr) throws Exception {
        HashMap<String, String> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
        hashMap.put("Cookie",cookieStr);
        return sendGet(urlStr,hashMap);
    }


    public static HttpResponse<String> sendGet(String urlStr, Map<String,String> headers) throws KeyManagementException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, IOException, InterruptedException {
        HttpClient client = MyHttpClient.getClient();
        HttpRequest.Builder reqBuilder = getReqBuilder(urlStr);
        reqBuilder.GET();
        for (String key:headers.keySet()){
            reqBuilder.header(key, headers.get(key));
        }
        HttpRequest request = reqBuilder.build();
        HttpResponse<String> result = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString(UTF_8));
        return result;
    }

    private static HttpResponse<String> sendPost(String contentType, String urlStr, String bodyStr, String cookieStr) throws Exception {
        HttpClient client = MyHttpClient.getClient();
        HttpRequest.Builder reqBuilder = getReqBuilder(urlStr);
        HttpRequest.BodyPublisher bodyPublisher = HttpRequest.BodyPublishers.ofString(bodyStr);
        reqBuilder.header("Content-Type", contentType)
                .POST(bodyPublisher)
                .header("Cookie", cookieStr);
        HttpRequest request = reqBuilder.build();
        HttpResponse<String> result = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString(UTF_8));
        return result;
    }
    
    public static HttpResponse<String> sendFormPost(String urlStr, String formStr, String cookieStr) throws Exception {
        return sendPost("application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8", urlStr, formStr, cookieStr);
    }

    public static HttpResponse<String> sendJsonPost(String urlStr, String jsonStr, String cookieStr) throws Exception {
        return sendPost("application/json;charset=utf-8", urlStr, jsonStr, cookieStr);
    }

    public static HttpRequest.Builder getReqBuilder(String urlStr) {
        return HttpRequest.newBuilder()
                .uri(URI.create(urlStr))
                .header("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:96.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/96.0");
    }
}

4 🎜>

Ujian menunjukkan bahawa dengan memanggil kaedah kelas alat, anda boleh terus menghantar permintaan GET dan permintaan POST dengan Borang/Json. Jika anda ingin menghantar bentuk permintaan HTTP yang lain, anda juga boleh melaksanakannya sendiri dengan merujuk kepada kod di atas.

Atas ialah kandungan terperinci Bagaimana untuk menghantar permintaan HTTP menggunakan HttpClient terbina dalam Java?. Untuk maklumat lanjut, sila ikut artikel berkaitan lain di laman web China PHP!