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前言
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常见两层循环实现数组去重
let arr = [11, 12, 13, 9, 8, 7, 0, 1, 2, 2, 5, 7, 11, 11, 7, 6, 4, 5, 2, 2] let newArr = [] for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { let unique = true for (let j = 0; j < newArr.length; j++) { if (newArr[j] === arr[i]) { unique = false break } } if (unique) { newArr.push(arr[i]) } } console.log(newArr)
构建二叉树实现去重(仅适用于数值类型的数组)
将先前遍历过的元素,构建成二叉树,树中每个结点都满足:左子结点的值 < 当前结点的值 < 右子结点的值
这样优化了判断元素是否之前出现过的过程
若元素比当前结点大,只需要判断元素是否在结点的右子树中出现过即可
若元素比当前结点小,只需要判断元素是否在结点的左子树中出现过即可
let arr = [0, 1, 2, 2, 5, 7, 11, 7, 6, 4,5, 2, 2] class Node { constructor(value) { this.value = value this.left = null this.right = null } } class BinaryTree { constructor() { this.root = null this.arr = [] } insert(value) { let node = new Node(value) if (!this.root) { this.root = node this.arr.push(value) return this.arr } let current = this.root while (true) { if (value > current.value) { if (current.right) { current = current.right } else { current.right = node this.arr.push(value) break } } if (value < current.value) { if (current.left) { current = current.left } else { current.left = node this.arr.push(value) break } } if (value === current.value) { break } } return this.arr } } let binaryTree = new BinaryTree() for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { binaryTree.insert(arr[i]) } console.log(binaryTree.arr)
优化思路一,记录最大最小值
记录已经插入元素的最大最小值,若比最大元素大,或最小元素小,则直接插入
let arr = [11, 12, 13, 9, 8, 7, 0, 1, 2, 2, 5, 7, 11, 11, 7, 6, 4, 5, 2, 2] class Node { constructor(value) { this.value = value this.left = null this.right = null } } class BinaryTree { constructor() { this.root = null this.arr = [] this.max = null this.min = null } insert(value) { let node = new Node(value) if (!this.root) { this.root = node this.arr.push(value) this.max = value this.min = value return this.arr } if (value > this.max) { this.arr.push(value) this.max = value this.findMax().right = node return this.arr } if (value < this.min) { this.arr.push(value) this.min = value this.findMin().left = node return this.arr } let current = this.root while (true) { if (value > current.value) { if (current.right) { current = current.right } else { current.right = node this.arr.push(value) break } } if (value < current.value) { if (current.left) { current = current.left } else { current.left = node this.arr.push(value) break } } if (value === current.value) { break } } return this.arr } findMax() { let current = this.root while (current.right) { current = current.right } return current } findMin() { let current = this.root while (current.left) { current = current.left } return current } } let binaryTree = new BinaryTree() for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { binaryTree.insert(arr[i]) } console.log(binaryTree.arr)
优化思路二,构建红黑树
构建红黑树,平衡树的高度
有关红黑树的部分,请见红黑树的插入
let arr = [11, 12, 13, 9, 8, 7, 0, 1, 2, 2, 5, 7, 11, 11, 7, 6, 4, 5, 2, 2] console.log(Array.from(new Set(arr))) class Node { constructor(value) { this.value = value this.left = null this.right = null this.parent = null this.color = 'red' } } class RedBlackTree { constructor() { this.root = null this.arr = [] } insert(value) { let node = new Node(value) if (!this.root) { node.color = 'black' this.root = node this.arr.push(value) return this } let cur = this.root let inserted = false while (true) { if (value > cur.value) { if (cur.right) { cur = cur.right } else { cur.right = node this.arr.push(value) node.parent = cur inserted = true break } } if (value < cur.value) { if (cur.left) { cur = cur.left } else { cur.left = node this.arr.push(value) node.parent = cur inserted = true break } } if (value === cur.value) { break } } // 调整树的结构 if(inserted){ this.fixTree(node) } return this } fixTree(node) { if (!node.parent) { node.color = 'black' this.root = node return } if (node.parent.color === 'black') { return } let son = node let father = node.parent let grandFather = father.parent let directionFtoG = father === grandFather.left ? 'left' : 'right' let uncle = grandFather[directionFtoG === 'left' ? 'right' : 'left'] let directionStoF = son === father.left ? 'left' : 'right' if (!uncle || uncle.color === 'black') { if (directionFtoG === directionStoF) { if (grandFather.parent) { grandFather.parent[grandFather.parent.left === grandFather ? 'left' : 'right'] = father father.parent = grandFather.parent } else { this.root = father father.parent = null } father.color = 'black' grandFather.color = 'red' father[father.left === son ? 'right' : 'left'] && (father[father.left === son ? 'right' : 'left'].parent = grandFather) grandFather[grandFather.left === father ? 'left' : 'right'] = father[father.left === son ? 'right' : 'left'] father[father.left === son ? 'right' : 'left'] = grandFather grandFather.parent = father return } else { grandFather[directionFtoG] = son son.parent = grandFather son[directionFtoG] && (son[directionFtoG].parent = father) father[directionStoF] = son[directionFtoG] father.parent = son son[directionFtoG] = father this.fixTree(father) } } else { father.color = 'black' uncle.color = 'black' grandFather.color = 'red' this.fixTree(grandFather) } } } let redBlackTree = new RedBlackTree() for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { redBlackTree.insert(arr[i]) } console.log(redBlackTree.arr)
其他去重方法
通过 Set 对象去重
[...new Set(arr)]
通过 sort()
+ reduce()
方法去重
排序后比较相邻元素是否相同,若不同则添加至返回的数组中
值得注意的是,排序的时候,默认 compare(2, '2')
返回 0;而 reduce() 时,进行全等比较
let arr = [0, 1, 2, '2', 2, 5, 7, 11, 7, 5, 2, '2', 2] let newArr = [] arr.sort((a, b) => { let res = a - b if (res !== 0) { return res } else { if (a === b) { return 0 } else { if (typeof a === 'number') { return -1 } else { return 1 } } } }).reduce((pre, cur) => { if (pre !== cur) { newArr.push(cur) return cur } return pre }, null)
通过 includes()
+ map()
方法去重
let arr = [0, 1, 2, '2', 2, 5, 7, 11, 7, 5, 2, '2', 2] let newArr = [] arr.map(a => !newArr.includes(a) && newArr.push(a))
通过 includes()
+ reduce()
方法去重
let arr = [0, 1, 2, '2', 2, 5, 7, 11, 7, 5, 2, '2', 2] let newArr = arr.reduce((pre, cur) => { !pre.includes(cur) && pre.push(cur) return pre }, [])
通过对象的键值对 + JSON 对象方法去重
let arr = [0, 1, 2, '2', 2, 5, 7, 11, 7, 5, 2, '2', 2] let obj = {} arr.map(a => { if(!obj[JSON.stringify(a)]){ obj[JSON.stringify(a)] = 1 } }) console.log(Object.keys(obj).map(a => JSON.parse(a)))
上面是我整理给大家的,希望今后会对大家有帮助。
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