php获取汉字首字母且实现分组排序的案例分析

前言

本文主要给大家介绍了关于PHP获取汉字首字母并分组排序的相关内容，因经常我们在做项目的时候，会有按首字母排序的需求 比如： 美团的城市选择 http://www.meituan.com/index/changecity/initiative app中按字母搜索

正题

网上找了各种，不尽人意，于是，自己就写了一个，分享给大家。

<?php

/**
 * @author Tech
 */
class Character
{
 /**
  * 二维数组根据首字母分组排序
  * @param array $data  二维数组
  * @param string $targetKey 首字母的键名
  * @return array    根据首字母关联的二维数组
  */
 public function groupByInitials(array $data, $targetKey = &#39;name&#39;)
 {
  $data = array_map(function ($item) use ($targetKey) {
   return array_merge($item, [
    &#39;initials&#39; => $this->getInitials($item[$targetKey]),
   ]);
  }, $data);
  $data = $this->sortInitials($data);
  return $data;
 }

 /**
  * 按字母排序
  * @param array $data
  * @return array
  */
 public function sortInitials(array $data)
 {
  $sortData = [];
  foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
   $sortData[$value[&#39;initials&#39;]][] = $value;
  }
  ksort($sortData);
  return $sortData;
 }
 
 /**
  * 获取首字母
  * @param string $str 汉字字符串
  * @return string 首字母
  */
 public function getInitials($str)
 {
  if (empty($str)) {return &#39;&#39;;}
  $fchar = ord($str{0});
  if ($fchar >= ord(&#39;A&#39;) && $fchar <= ord(&#39;z&#39;)) {
   return strtoupper($str{0});
  }

  $s1 = iconv(&#39;UTF-8&#39;, &#39;gb2312&#39;, $str);
  $s2 = iconv(&#39;gb2312&#39;, &#39;UTF-8&#39;, $s1);
  $s = $s2 == $str ? $s1 : $str;
  $asc = ord($s{0}) * 256 + ord($s{1}) - 65536;
  if ($asc >= -20319 && $asc <= -20284) {
   return &#39;A&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -20283 && $asc <= -19776) {
   return &#39;B&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -19775 && $asc <= -19219) {
   return &#39;C&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -19218 && $asc <= -18711) {
   return &#39;D&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -18710 && $asc <= -18527) {
   return &#39;E&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -18526 && $asc <= -18240) {
   return &#39;F&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -18239 && $asc <= -17923) {
   return &#39;G&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -17922 && $asc <= -17418) {
   return &#39;H&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -17417 && $asc <= -16475) {
   return &#39;J&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -16474 && $asc <= -16213) {
   return &#39;K&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -16212 && $asc <= -15641) {
   return &#39;L&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -15640 && $asc <= -15166) {
   return &#39;M&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -15165 && $asc <= -14923) {
   return &#39;N&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -14922 && $asc <= -14915) {
   return &#39;O&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -14914 && $asc <= -14631) {
   return &#39;P&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -14630 && $asc <= -14150) {
   return &#39;Q&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -14149 && $asc <= -14091) {
   return &#39;R&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -14090 && $asc <= -13319) {
   return &#39;S&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -13318 && $asc <= -12839) {
   return &#39;T&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -12838 && $asc <= -12557) {
   return &#39;W&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -12556 && $asc <= -11848) {
   return &#39;X&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -11847 && $asc <= -11056) {
   return &#39;Y&#39;;
  }

  if ($asc >= -11055 && $asc <= -10247) {
   return &#39;Z&#39;;
  }

  return null;
 }

}

项目中直接引入即可，如果需要命名空间，可以自行添加，下面是我们看看怎么用。

// 按首字母排序
$data = [
 ['id' => 1, 'area_name' => '山东'],
 ['id' => 2, 'area_name' => '江苏'],
 ['id' => 3, 'area_name' => '安徽'],
 ['id' => 4, 'area_name' => '福建'],
 ['id' => 5, 'area_name' => '江西'],
 ['id' => 6, 'area_name' => '广东'],
 ['id' => 7, 'area_name' => '广西'],
 ['id' => 8, 'area_name' => '海南'],
 ['id' => 9, 'area_name' => '河南'],
 ['id' => 10, 'area_name' => '湖南'],
 ['id' => 11, 'area_name' => '湖北'],
];
// 初始化，然后调用分组方法
$data = (new Character)->groupByInitials($data, 'area_name');

下面的结果是不是你想要的呢，不论是做app还是网页，都可以用

$data = array(
 'A' => array(
  0 => array(
   'id' => 3,
   'area_name' => '安徽',
   'initials' => 'A'
  )
 ) ,
 'F' => array(
  0 => array(
   'id' => 4,
   'area_name' => '福建',
   'initials' => 'F'
  )
 ) ,
 'G' => array(
  0 => array(
   'id' => 6,
   'area_name' => '广东',
   'initials' => 'G'
  ) ,
  1 => array(
   'id' => 7,
   'area_name' => '广西',
   'initials' => 'G'
  )
 ) ,
 'H' => array(
  0 => array(
   'id' => 8,
   'area_name' => '海南',
   'initials' => 'H'
  ) ,
  1 => array(
   'id' => 9,
   'area_name' => '河南',
   'initials' => 'H'
  ) ,
  2 => array(
   'id' => 10,
   'area_name' => '湖南',
   'initials' => 'H'
  ) ,
  3 => array(
   'id' => 11,
   'area_name' => '湖北',
   'initials' => 'H'
  )
 ) ,
 'J' => array(
  0 => array(
   'id' => 2,
   'area_name' => '江苏',
   'initials' => 'J'
  ) ,
  1 => array(
   'id' => 5,
   'area_name' => '江西',
   'initials' => 'J'
  )
 ) ,
 'S' => array(
  0 => array(
   'id' => 1,
   'area_name' => '山东',
   'initials' => 'S'
  )
 )
);

总结

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