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如何使用Django导出Excel代码问题

巴扎黑
巴扎黑asal
2017-08-12 14:20:251898semak imbas

本篇文章主要介绍了Django 导出 Excel 代码的实例详解，小编觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，也给大家做个参考。一起跟随小编过来看看吧

这篇技术贴讲怎样在Django的框架下导出Excel， 最开始打算用ajax post data 过去，但是发现不行，所以改用了get的方式。如果只有一个id(pk)那用get的方式很简单就可以访问对应的view section，但是如果是多个ids，我用的是session，大家还有其他好的例子吗？希望一起讨论。

Python3.5 Django 1.10, sqlite3, windows 10

1. virtualenv export_excel  <--- create a virtualenv for django

2. cd export_excel   <--- Go into the export_excel folder

3. Script\active <--- activate env environment.

once activate the environment, in the windows would be liked as above.

4. pip install django.

5. pip install django-bootstrap3. <-- bootstrap3 for django.

6. pip install xlsxwriter.  <-- this uses for excel export.(用xlsxwriter 这个Python 库)

1. urls.py


"""export_excel URL Configuration 
 
 
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see: 
  https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/http/urls/ 
Examples: 
Function views 
  1. Add an import: from my_app import views 
  2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r&#39;^$&#39;, views.home, name=&#39;home&#39;) 
Class-based views 
  1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home 
  2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r&#39;^$&#39;, Home.as_view(), name=&#39;home&#39;) 
Including another URLconf 
  1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include 
  2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r&#39;^blog/&#39;, include(&#39;blog.urls&#39;)) 
""" 
from django.conf.urls import url 
from django.contrib import admin 
from django.views.generic import ListView 
 
 
from .models import ExcelDemoData 
from . import views 
 
 
urlpatterns = [ 
  url(r&#39;^admin/&#39;, admin.site.urls), 
  url(r&#39;^$&#39;, ListView.as_view(queryset = ExcelDemoData.objects.all().defer(&#39;id&#39;, &#39;part_number&#39;).order_by(&#39;id&#39;)[:100], template_name="part_num_list.html"), name = &#39;home&#39;), 
  url(r&#39;^demo/exportall/$&#39;, views.export_all_to_excel, name = &#39;export_all_to_excel&#39;), 
]

2. views.py


from django.http import JsonResponse, Http404 
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404, render_to_response  
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect 
from django.contrib import messages 
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse 
from django.http import HttpResponse 
 
from .models import ExcelDemoData 
from .forms import ExcelDemoForm 
from .excel_utils import WriteToExcel 
 
from . import attrs_override as attr 
 
     
def export_sig_to_excel(request, pk): 
 
  if request.method == &#39;GET&#39;: 
    demo_list = [] 
    try: 
      demo_row = ExcelDemoData.objects.get(pk = pk) 
    except ExcelDemoData.DoesNotExist: 
      messages.add_message(request, messages.ERROR, &#39;the Part Number: [%s] does not exist in database.&#39; % str(pk)) 
    else:   
      demo_list.append(demo_row) 
        
    response = HttpResponse(content_type=&#39;application/ms-excel&#39;) 
    response[&#39;Content-Disposition&#39;] = &#39;attachment; filename=ExcelDemoData_%s.xlsx&#39; % demo_row.demo_row_part_number  
    xlsx_data = WriteToExcel(demo_list) 
    response.write(xlsx_data) 
    return response 
         
         
def export_all_to_excel(request): 
  if request.method == &#39;GET&#39;: 
    if &#39;store_modi_id&#39; in request.session: 
       messages.add_message(request, messages.ERROR, &#39;The Part Number have been lost, please re-search them.&#39;) 
       return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse(&#39;home&#39;)) 
       
    demo_list = [] 
    pn_id_list = request.session[&#39;searched_sb_list&#39;] #<--- the session will be created when a list page was created. 
    for id in pn_id_list: 
      try: 
        demo_row = ExcelDemoData.objects.get(pk = id) 
      except SmartBuy.DoesNotExist: 
        messages.add_message(request, messages.ERROR, &#39;the Part Number does not exist in database.&#39; ) 
      else:   
        demo_list.append(demo_row) 
        
    response = HttpResponse(content_type=&#39;application/ms-excel&#39;) 
    response[&#39;Content-Disposition&#39;] = &#39;attachment; filename=ExcelDemoData_%s.xlsx&#39; % attr.get_current_timestamp()  
    xlsx_data = WriteToExcel(demo_list) 
    response.write(xlsx_data) 
    return response

3. models.py


from django.db import models 
 
# Create your models here. 
class ExcelDemoData(models.Model): 
   
  # ---- this is ExcelDemoData scope ----  
  demo_qty = models.PositiveIntegerField(blank = True, null=True) 
  demo_part_number = models.CharField(max_length = 20, blank = True, null=True) # smart buy part number cannot be empty. 
  demo_nonfio_sku = models.CharField(max_length = 200, blank = True, null=True) 
  demo_desc = models.CharField(max_length = 500, blank = True, null=True) 
  demo_cost = models.DecimalField(max_digits=15, decimal_places=2, blank = True, null=True) 
  demo_ex_cost = models.DecimalField(max_digits=15, decimal_places=2, blank = True, null=True) 
  demo_msrp = models.DecimalField(max_digits=15, decimal_places=2, blank = True, null=True) 
  demo_ex_msrp = models.DecimalField(max_digits=15, decimal_places=2, blank = True, null=True) 
   
   
  def __str__(self): 
    return str(self.pk) + &#39; Part Number: &#39; + self.demo_part_number

4. forms.py


from django import forms 
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _ 
from .models import ExcelDemoData 
 
from .attrs_override import * 
 
  
class ExcelDemoForm(forms.ModelForm): 
    
  class Meta: 
    model = <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">ExcelDemoData</span> 
     
    widgets = { 
      # ----- Smart ------ 
      &#39;demo_qty&#39;: forms.NumberInput(attrs = {&#39;class&#39;: INPUT_CSS}), 
      &#39;demo_part_number&#39;: forms.TextInput(attrs = {&#39;class&#39;: INPUT_CSS}), 
      &#39;demo_nonfio_sku&#39;: forms.TextInput(attrs = {&#39;class&#39;: INPUT_CSS}), 
      &#39;demo_desc&#39;: forms.TextInput(attrs = {&#39;class&#39;: SELECT_CSS}), 
      &#39;demo_cost&#39;: forms.TextInput(attrs = {&#39;class&#39;: INPUT_CSS}), 
      &#39;demo_ex_cost&#39;: forms.TextInput(attrs = {&#39;class&#39;: INPUT_CSS}), 
      &#39;demo_msrp&#39;: forms.TextInput(attrs = {&#39;class&#39;: INPUT_CSS}), 
      &#39;demo_ex_msrp&#39;: forms.TextInput(attrs = {&#39;class&#39;: INPUT_CSS}), 
    } 
     
    labels = { 
      # ----- Smart ------ 
      &#39;demo_qty&#39;: _(DEMO_TXT + &#39; &#39; + QTY_TXT), 
      &#39;demo_part_number&#39;: _(DEMO_TXT + &#39; &#39; + PART_NUM_TXT), 
      &#39;demo_nonfio_sku&#39;: _(DEMO_TXT + &#39; &#39; + NONFIO_SKU), 
      &#39;demo_desc&#39;: _(DEMO_TXT + &#39; &#39; + DESC_TXT), 
      &#39;demo_cost&#39;: _(DEMO_TXT + &#39; &#39; + COST_TXT), 
      &#39;demo_ex_cost&#39;: _(DEMO_TXT + &#39; &#39; + EX_COST_TXT), 
      &#39;demo_msrp&#39;: _(DEMO_TXT + &#39; &#39; + MSRP_TXT), 
      &#39;demo_ex_msrp&#39;: _(DEMO_TXT + &#39; &#39; + EX_MSRP_TXT), 
       
 
    } 
     
    exclude = []

5. excel_utils.py


try: 
  from BytesIO import BytesIO 
except ImportError: 
  from io import BytesIO 
   
import xlsxwriter 
from django.utils.translation import ugettext as _ 
 
 
from .models import ExcelDemoData 
from .attrs_override import * 
 
 
 
 
def WriteToExcel(demo_list): 
   
  output = BytesIO() 
  workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(output) 
  worksheet_s = workbook.add_worksheet(&#39;Smart Buy&#39;) 
  worksheet_b = workbook.add_worksheet(&#39;Part Number List&#39;) 
   
  # excel styles 
  title = workbook.add_format({ 
    &#39;bold&#39;: True, 
    &#39;font_size&#39;: 14, 
    &#39;align&#39;: &#39;center&#39;, 
    &#39;valign&#39;: &#39;vcenter&#39; 
  }) 
  header = workbook.add_format({ 
    &#39;bg_color&#39;: &#39;#F7F7F7&#39;, 
    &#39;color&#39;: &#39;black&#39;, 
    &#39;align&#39;: &#39;center&#39;, 
    &#39;valign&#39;: &#39;top&#39;, 
    &#39;border&#39;: 1 
  }) 
   
  bold_header = workbook.add_format({ 
    &#39;bold&#39;: True, 
    &#39;bg_color&#39;: &#39;#F7F7F7&#39;, 
    &#39;color&#39;: &#39;black&#39;, 
    &#39;align&#39;: &#39;center&#39;, 
    &#39;valign&#39;: &#39;top&#39;, 
    &#39;border&#39;: 1 
  }) 
   
  cell = workbook.add_format({ 
    &#39;align&#39;: &#39;left&#39;, 
    &#39;valign&#39;: &#39;top&#39;, 
    &#39;text_wrap&#39;: True, 
    &#39;border&#39;: 1 
  }) 
   
  bold_cell = workbook.add_format({ 
    &#39;bold&#39;: True, 
    &#39;align&#39;: &#39;left&#39;, 
    &#39;valign&#39;: &#39;top&#39;, 
    &#39;text_wrap&#39;: True, 
    &#39;border&#39;: 1 
  }) 
   
  cell_center = workbook.add_format({ 
    &#39;align&#39;: &#39;center&#39;, 
    &#39;valign&#39;: &#39;top&#39;, 
    &#39;border&#39;: 1 
  }) 
   
  # write header, this is row 1 in excel 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 0, _(HEADER_ITEM_TXT), header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 1, _(QTY_TXT), header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 2, _(PART_NUM_TXT), header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 3, _(NONFIO_SKU), header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 4, _(DESC_TXT), header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 5, _(COST_TXT), header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 6, _(EX_COST_TXT), header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 7, _(MSRP_TXT), bold_header) 
  worksheet_s.write(0, 8, _(EX_MSRP_TXT), header) 
   
  # column widths  
  item_name_col_width = 20 
  qty_col_width = 10 
  part_num_col_width = 20 
  nonfio_sku_col_width = 30 
  desc_col_width = 80 
  cost_col_width = 10 
  ex_cost_col_width= 10 
  msrp_col_width = 10 
  ex_msrp_col_width = 10 
   
  # add data into the table 
  data_row = 1 
  second_sheet_data_row = 0 
  for sb in demo_list: 
     
    if data_row is not 1: 
      for index in range(9): 
        worksheet_s.write(data_row, index, &#39;&#39;, cell) 
      data_row += 1 
     
    # this is for smartbuy row, row 2 in excel 
    worksheet_s.write_string(data_row, 0, _(SMART_BUY_TXT), cell) 
    if not sb.demo_qty:  
      sb.demo_qty = &#39;&#39; 
    worksheet_s.write(data_row, 1, sb.demo_qty, cell) 
    if not sb.demo_part_number: 
      sb.demo_part_number = &#39;&#39;  
    worksheet_s.write_string(data_row, 2, sb.demo_part_number, bold_cell) 
    worksheet_b.write_string(second_sheet_data_row, 0, sb.demo_part_number, cell) 
    second_sheet_data_row += 1 
    if not sb.demo_nonfio_sku: 
       sb.demo_nonfio_sku = &#39;&#39; 
    worksheet_s.write_string(data_row, 3, sb.demo_nonfio_sku, cell) 
    if not sb.demo_desc: 
      sb.demo_desc = &#39;&#39;  
    worksheet_s.write_string(data_row, 4, sb.demo_desc, cell) 
    if not sb.demo_cost:  
      sb.demo_cost = &#39;&#39; 
    worksheet_s.write(data_row, 5, sb.demo_cost, cell) 
    if not sb.demo_ex_cost:  
      sb.demo_ex_cost = &#39;&#39; 
    worksheet_s.write(data_row, 6, sb.demo_ex_cost, cell) 
    if not sb.demo_msrp:  
      sb.demo_msrp = &#39;&#39; 
    worksheet_s.write(data_row, 7, sb.demo_msrp, bold_cell) 
    if not sb.demo_ex_msrp: 
       sb.demo_ex_msrp = &#39;&#39; 
    worksheet_s.write(data_row, 8, sb.demo_ex_msrp, cell) 
     
 
 
    # for each smart buy data end <<<------ 
     
    # change column widths 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;A:A&#39;, item_name_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;B:B&#39;, qty_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;C:C&#39;, part_num_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;D:D&#39;, nonfio_sku_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;E:E&#39;, desc_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;F:F&#39;, cost_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;G:G&#39;, ex_cost_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;H:H&#39;, msrp_col_width) 
    if sb.demo_qty: worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;I:I&#39;, ex_msrp_col_width) 
     
    # for each smart buy data end <<<------ 
     
    # change column widths 
    worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;A:A&#39;, item_name_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;B:B&#39;, qty_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;C:C&#39;, part_num_col_width) 
    worksheet_b.set_column(&#39;A:A&#39;, part_num_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;D:D&#39;, nonfio_sku_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;E:E&#39;, desc_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;F:F&#39;, cost_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;G:G&#39;, ex_cost_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;H:H&#39;, msrp_col_width) 
    worksheet_s.set_column(&#39;I:I&#39;, ex_msrp_col_width) 
     
  # close workbook 
  workbook.close() 
  xlsx_data = output.getvalue() 
  return xlsx_data

6. html


{% extends "base.html" %} 
 
{% block content %} 
 
<p id="form_body" style="margin:20px;"> 
  <table class="table"> 
    <tr> 
      <td style="float: left"><a href="{% url &#39;home&#39; %}" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-primary" role="button">Back</a></td> 
      <td style="float: right"> 
        {% if export_all %} 
      <a href="javascript:void(0)" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-primary" role="button" data-loading-text="<i class=&#39;fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin&#39;></i> Processing Export..." id="export_all_excel_a" onclick="javascript: getExportExcels(&#39;all&#39;);">Export All to Excel</a> 
      {% endif %}</td> 
    </tr> 
  </table> 
  </p> 
  <p class="table-responsive"> 
  <table class="table table-bordered usr_def_tbl"> 
    <thead class="thead-inverse"> 
      <tr style="font-size:14px; text-align: center;"> 
       <th> </th> 
       <th>Qty</th> 
       <th>Part Number</th> 
       <th>NonFIO SKU</th> 
       <th>Description</th> 
       <th>Cost</th> 
       <th>Ex.Cost</th> 
       <th>MSRP</th> 
       <th>ex.MSRP</th> 
      </tr> 
    </thead> 
    <tbody> 
      {% for s in demo_list %} 
       
      <!-- this is demo list sections --> 
      <tr> 
        <td>Demo</td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_qty %}{{ s.demo_qty }}{% endif %} </td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_part_number %}{{ s.demo_part_number }}{% endif %} </td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_nonfio_sku %}{{ s.demo_nonfio_sku }}{% endif %} </td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_desc %}{{ s.demo_desc }}{% endif %} </td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_cost %}{{ s.demo_cost }}{% endif %} </td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_ex_cost %}{{ s.demo_ex_cost }}{% endif %} </td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_msrp %}{{ s.demo_msrp }}{% endif %} </td> 
        <td>{% if s.demo_ex_msrp %}{{ s.demo_ex_msrp }}{% endif %}</td> 
      </tr> 
      <tr> 
        <td colspan="7"></td> 
         <td style="text-align:right"> 
          <a href="javascript:void(0)" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-primary part_num_flag" role="button" onclick="javascript: getExportExcels(&#39;{{ s.pk }}&#39;);" data-loading-text="<i class=&#39;fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin&#39;></i> Processing Export..." id="sgl_export_{{ s.pk }}" >Export to Excel</a> 
        </td> 
        <td style="text-align:right"> 
          <a href="{% url &#39;demo_edit_id&#39; pk=s.pk%}" rel="external nofollow" class="btn btn-primary" role="button" value="{{ s.pk }}">Edit</a> 
        </td> 
      </tr> 
      {% endfor %} 
    </tbody> 
     
  <p></p> 
  </table> 
   
</p> 
 
<script type="text/javascript"> 
function getExportExcels(pn_id){ 
  if(pn_id == &#39;all&#39;){ 
    var post_url = &#39;/demo/exportall/&#39;; 
    location.replace(post_url); 
  } 
  else{ 
    var post_url = &#39;/demo/export/&#39;; 
    location.replace(post_url + pn_id); 
  } 
}  
 
</script> 
{% endblock content %}

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