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类视图

巴扎黑
巴扎黑asal
2017-06-23 16:30:431646semak imbas

 

类视图

使用原则

  • 代码越少越好

  • 永远不要重复代码

  • View应当只包含呈现逻辑, 不应包括业务逻辑

  • 保持view逻辑清晰简单

  • 不要将CBVs用作403, 404, 500的错误处理程序

  • 保持mixin简单明了

 
 
mixin
在编程中mixin是指为继承它的class提供额外的功能, 但它自身却不能单独使用的类
在具有多继承能力的编程语言中, mixin可以为类增加额外功能或方法. 在Django中, 我们可以使用mixin为CBVs提供更多的扩展性, 当然在类继承过程中, 我们推荐以下原则:

  • Django自身提供的View永远在最右边

  • mixin依次在以上view的左边

  • mixin永远继承自Python的object类型

Django mixin库：
 
 
常用的类视图
View                    基本View 可以在任何时候使用 见后面详细介绍
RedirectView            重新定向到其他URL 将访问"/log-in/"的用户重新定向到"/login/"TemplateView            显示Django 模板 一般网站中使用模板显示的页
ListView                显示对象列表 文章列表页
DetailView              显示对象详情 文章详细页
FormView                提交From 网站联系我们或emai订阅form
CreateView              创建对象 创建新文章页
UpdateView              更新对象 修改文章页
DeleteView              删除对象 删除文章页
Generic date views      显示一段时间内的对象 按时间归类的博客

 

 

View

django.views.generic.base.View
基于类的基础视图的核心。其它所有的基于类的视图都继承自这个基础类。
 
 django.shortcuts  django.views.generic state =http_method_names = [, , , , , , ,  dispatch(self, request, *args, **(= super(Index,self).dispatch(request, *args, **( HttpResponse( HttpResponse()
 
 
 

TemplateView

从以下视图继承方法和属性

  1. <span class="pln">django<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">views<span class="pun">.<span class="kwd">generic<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">base<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">TemplateResponseMixin</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

  2. <span class="pln">django<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">views<span class="pun">.<span class="kwd">generic<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">base<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">ContextMixin</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

  3. <span class="pln">django<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">views<span class="pun">.<span class="kwd">generic<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">base<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">View</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

 
示例
 django.views.generic.base =  dispatch(self, request, *args, **(= super(HomePageView,self).dispatch(request, *args, **( get_context_data(self, **= super(HomePageView, self).get_context_data(**] = [,,( context

 

 
 

RedirectView

从以下视图继承方法和属性：

  1. <span class="pln">django<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">views<span class="pun">.<span class="kwd">generic<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">base<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">View</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

 
示例
 django.views.generic.base == False  query_string = True  pattern_name =    dispatch(self, request, *args, **(= super(ArticleRedirectView,self).dispatch(request, *args, **( get_redirect_url(self, *args, **( super(ArticleRedirectView, self).get_redirect_url(*args, **kwargs)

 

 
 
 
 
 
 

DetaliView

<span class="typ">DetailView<span class="pun">是对这些出版商的诸多的<span class="pln">object<span class="pun">中的一个进行详细解析，它获得的主数据是一个<span class="pln">object<span class="pun">。</span></span></span></span></span></span>

从以下视图继承方法和属性：

  1. <span class="pln">django<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">views<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">generic<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">detail<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">SingleObjectTemplateResponseMixin</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

  2. <span class="pln">django<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">views<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">generic<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">base<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">TemplateResponseMixin</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

  3. <span class="pln">django<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">views<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">generic<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">detail<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">BaseDetailView</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

  4. <span class="pln">django<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">views<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">generic<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">detail<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">SingleObjectMixin</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

  5. <span class="pln">django<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">views<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">generic<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">base<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">View</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

 
示例
 django.contrib.auth.mixins  chouti.models ==   pk_url_kwarg =   

 get_context_data(self, **(context = super(UserDetailView, self).get_context_data(**] = [33, 44]

 

 

ListView

对于ListView来说，它需要显示的是多个object的信息，返回的是一个对象列表
它的数据来源是model和queryset这两个属性：

  1. <span class="pln">model<span class="pun">：获取这个<span class="pln">model<span class="pun">相关的所有数据</span></span></span></span>

  2. <span class="pln">queryset<span class="pun">：从这个<span class="pln">queryset<span class="pun">中获取指定的数据。</span></span></span></span>

  3. <span class="pln">queryset<span class="pun">的优先级高于<span class="pln">model</span></span></span>

  4. <span class="pun">它所获取的数据是通过<span class="pln">context<span class="pun">中<span class="pln">object_list<span class="pun">这个变量来传递的</span></span></span></span></span>

 
 
从以下视图继承方法和属性：

  1. <span class="pln">django<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">views<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">generic<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">list<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

  2. <span class="pln">django<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">views<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">generic<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">base<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">TemplateResponseMixin</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

  3. <span class="pln">django<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">views<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">generic<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">list<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">BaseListView</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

  4. <span class="pln">django<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">views<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">generic<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">list<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">MultipleObjectMixin</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

  5. <span class="pln">django<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">views<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">gen</span></span></span></span></span>

 
 
示例
 blog.models  django.views.generic model = Post   queryset = Post.objects.filter(title__contains = )  context_object_name =   template_name=   ( Post.objects.filter(title__contains = self.kwargs[ get_context_data(self, **(= super(PublisherList, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)  context[] = [, ]    context

 

 
 

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