Rumah >pembangunan bahagian belakang >Tutorial C#.Net >Windows 10 - 控件(集合类)的详细介绍
示例
1、自定义 ItemsControl(自定义 GirdView 使其每个 item 占用不同大小的空间)
Controls/CollectionControl/ItemsControlDemo/MyItemsControlDemo.xaml
<Pagex:Class="Windows10.Controls.CollectionControl.ItemsControlDemo.MyItemsControlDemo"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:local="using:Windows10.Controls.CollectionControl.ItemsControlDemo"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"mc:Ignorable="d"><Page.Resources><DataTemplate x:Key="ItemTemplate"><Grid Background="{Binding ColorValue}"><Grid Background="Black" VerticalAlignment="Top" Opacity="0.7"><TextBlock Text="{Binding ColorName}" /></Grid></Grid></DataTemplate><Style x:Key="ItemContainerStyle" TargetType="GridViewItem"><Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Stretch" /><Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Stretch" /><Setter Property="Margin" Value="0" /><Setter Property="Padding" Value="0" /></Style><ItemsPanelTemplate x:Key="ItemsPanel"><VariableSizedWrapGrid MaximumRowsOrColumns="8" Orientation="Horizontal" ItemWidth="100" ItemHeight="100" /></ItemsPanelTemplate></Page.Resources><Grid Background="Transparent" Margin="10 0 10 10"><!--使用 MyGridView 控件,其重写了 GridView 的 PrepareContainerForItemOverride() 方法,详见 MyGridView.cs--><local:MyGridView x:Name="gridView" Width="812" VerticalAlignment="Top" HorizontalAlignment="Left" ItemTemplate="{StaticResource ItemTemplate}" ItemContainerStyle="{StaticResource ItemContainerStyle}" ItemsPanel="{StaticResource ItemsPanel}" IsItemClickEnabled="False" SelectionMode="None"></local:MyGridView></Grid></Page>
Controls/CollectionControl/ItemsControlDemo/MyItemsControlDemo.xaml.cs
/* * ItemsControl - 集合控件(继承自 Control, 请参见 /Controls/BaseControl/ControlDemo/) * protected virtual void PrepareContainerForItemOverride(DependencyObject element, object item); - 为 item 准备 container 时 * element - item 的 container * item - item * * * 本例用于演示如何使 GirdView 中的每个 item 占用不同大小的空间 * 1、布局控件要使用 VariableSizedWrapGrid(利用其 RowSpan 和 ColumnSpan 来实现 item 占用不同大小的空间),需要注意的是其并非是虚拟化布局控件 * 2、自定义 GridView,并重写 ItemsControl 的 protected override void PrepareContainerForItemOverride(DependencyObject element, object item) 方法 * 然后设置每个 item 的 VariableSizedWrapGrid.RowSpan 和 VariableSizedWrapGrid.ColumnSpan */using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using Windows.UI;using Windows.UI.Xaml;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;using System.Reflection;namespace Windows10.Controls.CollectionControl.ItemsControlDemo {public sealed partial class MyItemsControlDemo : Page {public MyItemsControlDemo() {this.InitializeComponent(); BindData(); }private void BindData() { Random random = new Random();// 获取 Windows.UI.Colors 的全部数据Type type = typeof(Colors); List<ColorModel> colors = type.GetRuntimeProperties() // GetRuntimeProperties() 在 System.Reflection 命名空间下.Select(c => new ColorModel { ColorName = c.Name, ColorValue = new SolidColorBrush((Color)c.GetValue(null)), ColSpan = random.Next(1, 3), // 此对象所占网格的列合并数RowSpan = random.Next(1, 3) // 此对象所占网格的行合并数 }) .ToList();// 绑定数据gridView.ItemsSource = colors; } }/// <summary>/// 用于数据绑定的对象/// </summary>public class ColorModel {public string ColorName { get; set; }public SolidColorBrush ColorValue { get; set; }// 此对象所占的网格的列合并数public int ColSpan { get; set; }// 此对象所占的网格的行合并数public int RowSpan { get; set; } }/// <summary>/// 自定义 GridView,重写 ItemsControl 的 protected override void PrepareContainerForItemOverride(DependencyObject element, object item) 方法/// 用于指定 GridView 的每个 item 所占网格的列合并数和行合并数/// </summary>public class MyGridView : GridView {protected override void PrepareContainerForItemOverride(DependencyObject element, object item) {try{// 设置每个 item 的 VariableSizedWrapGrid.RowSpan 和 VariableSizedWrapGrid.ColumnSpan, 从而实现每个 item 占用不同大小的空间// 仅为演示用,由于这里的 ColSpan 和 RowSpan 都是随机计算的,所以可能会出现空白空间dynamic dynamicItem = item; element.SetValue(VariableSizedWrapGrid.ColumnSpanProperty, dynamicItem.ColSpan); element.SetValue(VariableSizedWrapGrid.RowSpanProperty, dynamicItem.RowSpan); }catch (Exception ex) {var ignore = ex;// 当有异常情况发生时(比如:item 没有 ColSpan 属性或 RowSpan 属性)element.SetValue(VariableSizedWrapGrid.ColumnSpanProperty, 1); element.SetValue(VariableSizedWrapGrid.RowSpanProperty, 1); }finally{base.PrepareContainerForItemOverride(element, item); } } } }
2、自定义 ContentPresenter 实现类似 GridViewItemPresenter 和 ListViewItemPresenter 的效果
Controls/CollectionControl/ItemsControlDemo/MyItemPresenter.cs
/* * 自定义 ContentPresenter 实现类似 GridViewItemPresenter 和 ListViewItemPresenter 的效果 */using System;using Windows.Foundation;using Windows.UI;using Windows.UI.Xaml;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media.Animation;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Shapes;namespace Windows10.Controls.CollectionControl.ItemsControlDemo {class MyItemPresenter : ContentPresenter { Panel _container = null; // item 的容器(即在 DataTemplate 中定义的根元素,在示例 MyItemPresenterDemo.xaml 中用的是 Grid)Rectangle _pointerOverBorder = null; // 鼠标经过 item 时覆盖在 item 上的 rectangleRectangle _focusVisual = null; // 选中 item 时覆盖在 item 上的 rectangleStoryboard _pointerDownStoryboard = null; // 鼠标按下时的动画Storyboard _pointerUpStoryboard = null; // 鼠标抬起时的动画public MyItemPresenter() : base() {base.Margin = new Thickness(10); }// override OnApplyTemplate() - 应用控件模板时调用protected override void OnApplyTemplate() {base.OnApplyTemplate(); _container = (Panel)VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(this, 0); }// override GoToElementStateCore() - VisualState 转换时调用(此方法仅在自定义 ContentPresenter 并将其应用于 GridView 或 ListView 的 ItemContainerStyle 时才会被调用)// stateName - VisualState 的名字// useTransitions - 是否使用 VisualTransition 过渡效果protected override bool GoToElementStateCore(string stateName, bool useTransitions) {base.GoToElementStateCore(stateName, useTransitions);switch (stateName) {// 正常状态case "Normal": HidePointerOverVisuals(); HideFocusVisuals();if (useTransitions) { StopPointerDownAnimation(); }break;// 选中状态case "Selected":case "PointerFocused": ShowFocusVisuals();if (useTransitions) { StopPointerDownAnimation(); }break;// 取消选中状态case "Unfocused": HideFocusVisuals();break;// 鼠标经过状态case "PointerOver": ShowPointerOverVisuals();if (useTransitions) { StopPointerDownAnimation(); }break;// 鼠标点击状态case "Pressed":case "PressedSelected":if (useTransitions) { StartPointerDownAnimation(); }break;default: break; }return true; }private void StartPointerDownAnimation() {if (_pointerDownStoryboard == null) CreatePointerDownStoryboard(); _pointerDownStoryboard.Begin(); }private void StopPointerDownAnimation() {if (_pointerUpStoryboard == null) CreatePointerUpStoryboard(); _pointerUpStoryboard.Begin(); }private void ShowFocusVisuals() {if (!FocusElementsAreCreated()) CreateFocusElements(); _focusVisual.Opacity = 1; }private void HideFocusVisuals() {if (FocusElementsAreCreated()) _focusVisual.Opacity = 0; }private void ShowPointerOverVisuals() {if (!PointerOverElementsAreCreated()) CreatePointerOverElements(); _pointerOverBorder.Opacity = 1; }private void HidePointerOverVisuals() {if (PointerOverElementsAreCreated()) _pointerOverBorder.Opacity = 0; }private void CreatePointerDownStoryboard() {/* * 用这种方式为 item 实现鼠标按下的效果会报错(Attempted to read or write protected memory. This is often an indication that other memory is corrupt.),不知道为什么 * PointerDownThemeAnimation pointerDownAnimation = new PointerDownThemeAnimation(); * Storyboard.SetTarget(pointerDownAnimation, _container); * Storyboard pointerDownStoryboard = new Storyboard(); * pointerDownStoryboard.Children.Add(pointerDownAnimation); */DoubleAnimation da1 = new DoubleAnimation() { To = 0.9, Duration = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100) }; DoubleAnimation da2 = new DoubleAnimation() { To = 0.9, Duration = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100) }; Storyboard.SetTarget(da1, _container); Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(da1, "(UIElement.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleX)"); Storyboard.SetTarget(da2, _container); Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(da2, "(UIElement.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleY)");if (!(_container.RenderTransform is TransformGroup)) { TransformGroup Group = new TransformGroup(); Group.Children.Add(new ScaleTransform()); _container.RenderTransform = Group; _container.RenderTransformOrigin = new Point(0.5, 0.5); } _pointerDownStoryboard = new Storyboard(); _pointerDownStoryboard.Children.Add(da1); _pointerDownStoryboard.Children.Add(da2); _pointerDownStoryboard.Begin(); }private void CreatePointerUpStoryboard() { DoubleAnimation da1 = new DoubleAnimation() { To = 1, Duration = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100) }; DoubleAnimation da2 = new DoubleAnimation() { To = 1, Duration = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100) }; Storyboard.SetTarget(da1, _container); Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(da1, "(UIElement.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleX)"); Storyboard.SetTarget(da2, _container); Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(da2, "(UIElement.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleY)");if (!(_container.RenderTransform is TransformGroup)) { TransformGroup Group = new TransformGroup(); Group.Children.Add(new ScaleTransform()); _container.RenderTransform = Group; _container.RenderTransformOrigin = new Point(0.5, 0.5); } _pointerUpStoryboard = new Storyboard(); _pointerUpStoryboard.Children.Add(da1); _pointerUpStoryboard.Children.Add(da2); _pointerUpStoryboard.Begin(); }private void CreatePointerOverElements() { _pointerOverBorder = new Rectangle(); _pointerOverBorder.IsHitTestVisible = false; _pointerOverBorder.Opacity = 0;// 这里把颜色写死了,仅为演示用,实际写的时候要摘出来写成依赖属性_pointerOverBorder.Fill = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(0x50, 0x50, 0x50, 0x50)); _container.Children.Insert(_container.Children.Count, _pointerOverBorder); }private void CreateFocusElements() { _focusVisual = new Rectangle(); _focusVisual.IsHitTestVisible = false; _focusVisual.Height = 10; _focusVisual.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Bottom;// 这里把颜色写死了,仅为演示用,实际写的时候要摘出来写成依赖属性_focusVisual.Fill = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(0xff, 0xff, 0x0, 0x0)); _container.Children.Insert(0, _focusVisual); }private bool FocusElementsAreCreated() {return _focusVisual != null; }private bool PointerOverElementsAreCreated() {return _pointerOverBorder != null; } } }
Controls/CollectionControl/ItemsControlDemo/MyItemPresenterDemo.xaml
<Pagex:Class="Windows10.Controls.CollectionControl.ItemsControlDemo.MyItemPresenterDemo"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:local="using:Windows10.Controls.CollectionControl.ItemsControlDemo"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"mc:Ignorable="d"><Page.Resources><Style x:Key="MyGridViewItemPresenterTemplate" TargetType="GridViewItem"><Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent"/><Setter Property="Template"><Setter.Value><ControlTemplate TargetType="GridViewItem"><!--自定义 ContentPresenter 实现类似 GridViewItemPresenter 和 ListViewItemPresenter 的效果--><local:MyItemPresenter /></ControlTemplate></Setter.Value></Setter></Style></Page.Resources><Grid Background="Transparent"><GridView x:Name="gridView" SelectionMode="Single" Margin="10 0 10 10" ItemContainerStyle="{StaticResource MyGridViewItemPresenterTemplate}"><GridView.ItemTemplate><DataTemplate><Grid Height="100" Width="100" Background="Blue"><TextBlock x:Name="lblName" Text="{Binding Name}" Foreground="Yellow" /></Grid></DataTemplate></GridView.ItemTemplate></GridView></Grid></Page>
Controls/CollectionControl/ItemsControlDemo/MyItemPresenterDemo.xaml.cs
/* * 本例用于演示如何自定义 ContentPresenter 实现类似 GridViewItemPresenter 和 ListViewItemPresenter 的效果 */using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation;using Windows10.Common;namespace Windows10.Controls.CollectionControl.ItemsControlDemo {public sealed partial class MyItemPresenterDemo : Page {public MyItemPresenterDemo() {this.InitializeComponent(); }protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e) { gridView.ItemsSource = TestData.GetEmployees(); } } }
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