【MySQL 10】游标

数据库中，对数据的处理分为两种方式： 
      一种是基于数据行集合的整体处理方式，直接使用select、update、delete等语句来操作（select语句直接查询某一整列）； 
       一种是逐行处理数据行的方式，游标就是这种数据访问机制，允许用户一次访问单个数据行，而非整个数据行集（游标在某一列中进行一行一行查询）。

一、创建数据表

mysql> select * from person;
+----+------+------+------+-----------+| id | name | sex  | age  | addr      |
+----+------+------+------+-----------+|  1 | Jone | fema |   27 | xianggang |
|  2 | Lily | fema |   25 | taiwan    |
|  3 | Bobe | male |   25 | ximan     ||  4 | Kity | fama |   20 | beijing   |
+----+------+------+------+-----------+

查询person数据表中的addr列，使得结果以这种形式输出： 
xianggang;taiwan;ximan;beijing;

二、查询

方式1：

drop procedure if exists useCursor ;delimiter //CREATE PROCEDURE useCursor() # 创建一个存储过程  BEGIN
    DECLARE oneAddr varchar(20) default '';  
# 定义一个变量oneAddr
    DECLARE allAddr varchar(80) default '';  
# 定义一个变量allAddr
    DECLARE curl CURSOR FOR SELECT addr FROM person.person; # 定义一个游标curl
    DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR SQLSTATE '02000' SET oneAddr = null; 
# 如果没有数据返回,就将变量oneAddr设置为null
    # 也可以这么写
    # DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET oneAddr = null;
    OPEN curl;  # 打开游标
    FETCH curl INTO oneAddr; 
# 通过游标读取数据    WHILE(oneAddr is not null) DO  
# 使用 while...do 循环来遍历 addr 列      
set oneAddr = CONCAT(oneAddr, ';');      
set allAddr = CONCAT(allAddr, oneAddr);
      FETCH curl into oneAddr;    END WHILE;
    CLOSE curl; # 关闭游标    SELECT allAddr;  
  END;//call useCursor();

方式2：

drop procedure if exists useCursor;delimiter //CREATE PROCEDURE useCursor()
  BEGIN
    DECLARE oneAddr varchar(20) default '';
    DECLARE allAddr varchar(80) default '';
    DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0; # 定义一个默认值0
    DECLARE curl CURSOR FOR SELECT addr FROM person.person;
    DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1;
    OPEN curl;    REPEAT  # 使用repeat循环来遍历addr列
      FETCH curl INTO oneAddr;      IF NOT done THEN
        set oneAddr = CONCAT(oneAddr, ';');        
set allAddr = CONCAT(allAddr, oneAddr);      END IF;    UNTIL done END REPEAT; #直到为0才结束循环
    CLOSE curl;    select allAddr;  END;//call useCursor();

方式3：

drop procedure if exists useCursor;delimiter //CREATE PROCEDURE useCursor()
  BEGIN
    DECLARE oneAddr varchar(20) default '';
    DECLARE allAddr varchar(80) default '';
    DECLARE done bool DEFAULT false; # 定义布尔变量,默认值为false
    DECLARE curl CURSOR FOR SELECT addr FROM person.person;
    DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = true;
    OPEN curl;
    personLoop: LOOP  #使用loop循环来遍历addr列
      FETCH curl INTO oneAddr;      IF done THEN
        LEAVE personLoop;      ELSE
        set oneAddr = CONCAT(oneAddr, ';');        
set allAddr = CONCAT(allAddr, oneAddr);      END IF;    END LOOP personLoop;
    CLOSE curl;    select allAddr;  END;//call useCursor();

三、输出结果

mysql> call useCursor();//
+---------------------------------+| allAddr                         |
+---------------------------------+| xianggang;taiwan;ximan;beijing; |
+---------------------------------+

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