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关键字:微信公众平台开发入门
作者:C++研究室
背景知识:微信公众平台的开发需要有一定的PHP基础知识,PHP是一种HTML内嵌式的语言,广泛用于网站开发。微信服务器和开发者的服务器间有两种数据传输方式,分别是XML和JSON。其中XML主要用在接受发送普通消息和事件推送中,而用户管理、创建自定义菜单和高级群发等则需要用到JOSN格式数据。
在这篇微信公众平台开发教程中,你可以跟着教程一起在整体上感性了解微信公众平台的开发框架,可以帮助你更好的去入手。
我们将使用微信公众账号西安校园创客空间作为讲解的例子,二维码见底部。
这个入门教程将引导你学会完成如下任务:
第一节
申请新浪云计算并创建平台应用
第二节 申请虚拟主机及为微信平台搭建环境
这里我使用的是云邦互联的虚拟空间为大家作以演示,首先,打开网站如下图:
然后在右上角按照提示注册即可,选择使用1G的免费空间。
2、开通空间之后打开控制面板,就可以看到主机信息了。
3、接下来我们用 8uftp 登陆虚拟空间。
4、登录之后,用 8uftp 将 index.php 文件上传到虚拟空间的根目录中的web文件夹下,如下:
至此,你使用虚拟空间为微信公众平台搭建服务器就成功了,后续只要将实现相应功能的代码通过8uftp上传上去即可。
第三节 启用开发模式与接入服务器
微信公众平台开发模式
高级功能
微信公众平台地址:https://mp.weixin.qq.com
登录微信公众平台后台,在左侧列表中最下方,找到“ 基本配置 ”,点击进入
进入服务器配置填写框。
点击“修改配置”按钮,则出现下图。
此处的URL为上篇中介绍的云应用的域名,而Token在index.php中定义为weixin。EncodingAESKey则不用填,点击“随机生成”让自动生成一个,消息加解密方式选择“明文模式”,然后点击“提交”按钮。
在弹出的提示框中,点击“确定”
配置修改后如图所示,再点击“启用”按钮
询问“是否确定开启服务器配置”,点击“确定”
如果提示“token验证失败”,可以先重次几次,微信服务器有时候不稳定。注:如果使用新浪SAE可能要求进行实名认证,请先上传身份证进行实名认证并通过审核后再试!
如果还是失败,请先用微信调试器测试一下url和token是否正确。(直接在百度搜索 会有好多免费的哦)
第四节 接口的调用与常用功能的实现
示例1:API调用之百度翻译
申请百度翻译API接口
下面介绍如何使用百度翻译 API 制作拥有翻译功能的公众账号。
1、首先,登陆申请成为百度开发者,申请链接地址为 http://developer.baidu.com/ 。申请成为开发者之后,登陆该网站,在管理控制台的下拉菜单中选择开发者服务管理,如下图所示。
我们通过调用百度翻译的API可以实现英文翻译中文,中文翻译英文,中文翻译日文,日文翻译中文。目前百度AIP支持这三种语言的翻译
首先进入百度翻译的网页,网站如下箭头所示
进入后点击“使用指南”
进入使用智能页面后,网下浏览页面,在页面中间部分,即可看到百度翻译的API接口
根据上面的接口,我们可以构建接口代码:
http://openapi.baidu.com/public/2.0/bmt/translate?client_id=uA6zT1kh5O1UXvTrUuFjFHiK&q={$keyword}&from=auto&to=auto
“9peNkh97N6B9GGj9zBke9tGQ”这一串为自己的百度密钥,在百度的应用中心单击基本信息可以看到
关键代码为:
case "text";
$tranurl="http://openapi.baidu.com/public/2.0/bmt/translate?client_id=uA6zT1kh5O1UXvTrUuFjFHiK&q={$keyword}&from=auto&to=auto";//百度翻译地址
$transtr=file_get_contents($tranurl);//读入文件
$transon=json_decode($transtr);//json解析
//print_r($transon);
$contentStr = $transon->trans_result[0]->dst;//读取翻译内容
break;
登录手机微信,最后实现的结果如下:
所用代码如下:<span> 1</span> <?<span>php </span><span> 2</span> <span>//</span><span>6.2 百度翻译 C++研究室 CopyRight 2016 </span> <span> 3</span> <span>define</span>("TOKEN", "weixin"<span>); </span><span> 4</span> <span>$wechatObj</span> = <span>new</span><span> wechatCallbackapiTest(); </span><span> 5</span> <span>if</span> (!<span>isset</span>(<span>$_GET</span>['echostr'<span>])) { </span><span> 6</span> <span>$wechatObj</span>-><span>responseMsg(); </span><span> 7</span> }<span>else</span><span>{ </span><span> 8</span> <span>$wechatObj</span>-><span>valid(); </span><span> 9</span> <span>} </span><span>10</span> <span>11</span> <span>class</span><span> wechatCallbackapiTest </span><span>12</span> <span>{ </span><span>13</span> <span>public</span> <span>$fromUsername</span>=''<span>; </span><span>14</span> <span>public</span> <span>$toUsername</span>=''<span>; </span><span>15</span> <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> valid() </span><span>16</span> <span> { </span><span>17</span> <span>$echoStr</span> = <span>$_GET</span>["echostr"<span>]; </span><span>18</span> <span>if</span>(<span>$this</span>-><span>checkSignature()){ </span><span>19</span> <span>echo</span> <span>$echoStr</span><span>; </span><span>20</span> <span>exit</span><span>; </span><span>21</span> <span> } </span><span>22</span> <span> } </span><span>23</span> <span>24</span> <span>private</span> <span>function</span><span> checkSignature() </span><span>25</span> <span> { </span><span>26</span> <span>$signature</span> = <span>$_GET</span>["signature"<span>]; </span><span>27</span> <span>$timestamp</span> = <span>$_GET</span>["timestamp"<span>]; </span><span>28</span> <span>$nonce</span> = <span>$_GET</span>["nonce"<span>]; </span><span>29</span> <span>$token</span> =<span> TOKEN; </span><span>30</span> <span>$tmpArr</span> = <span>array</span>(<span>$token</span>, <span>$timestamp</span>, <span>$nonce</span><span>); </span><span>31</span> <span>sort</span>(<span>$tmpArr</span>,<span> SORT_STRING); </span><span>32</span> <span>$tmpStr</span> = <span>implode</span>(<span>$tmpArr</span><span>); </span><span>33</span> <span>$tmpStr</span> = <span>sha1</span>(<span>$tmpStr</span><span>); </span><span>34</span> <span>35</span> <span>if</span>(<span>$tmpStr</span> == <span>$signature</span><span>){ </span><span>36</span> <span>return</span> <span>true</span><span>; </span><span>37</span> }<span>else</span><span>{ </span><span>38</span> <span>return</span> <span>false</span><span>; </span><span>39</span> <span> } </span><span>40</span> <span> } </span><span>41</span> <span>42</span> <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> responseMsg(){ </span><span>43</span> <span>$postStr</span> = <span>$GLOBALS</span>["HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA"<span>]; </span><span>44</span> <span>$postObj</span> = <span>simplexml_load_string</span>(<span>$postStr</span>, 'SimpleXMLElement',<span> LIBXML_NOCDATA); </span><span>45</span> <span>$fromUsername</span> = <span>$postObj</span>-><span>FromUserName; </span><span>46</span> <span>$toUsername</span> = <span>$postObj</span>-><span>ToUserName; </span><span>47</span> <span>$type</span> = <span>$postObj</span>-><span>MsgType; </span><span>48</span> <span>$event</span>=<span>$postObj</span>-><span>Event; </span><span>49</span> <span>$Event_Key</span>=<span>$postObj</span>-><span>EventKey; </span><span>50</span> <span>$mid</span>=<span>$postObj</span>-><span>MediaId; </span><span>51</span> <span>$link</span>=<span>$postObj</span>-><span>Url; </span><span>52</span> <span>53</span> <span>$latitude</span> = <span>$postObj</span>-><span>Location_X; </span><span>54</span> <span>$longitude</span> = <span>$postObj</span>-><span>Location_Y; </span><span>55</span> <span>$keyword</span> = <span>trim</span>(<span>$postObj</span>-><span>Content); </span><span>56</span> <span>$time</span> = <span>time</span><span>(); </span><span>57</span> <span>$textTpl</span> = "<span><xml> </span><span>58</span> <span> <ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> </span><span>59</span> <span> <FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> </span><span>60</span> <span> <CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> </span><span>61</span> <span> <MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType> </span><span>62</span> <span> <Content><![CDATA[%s]]></Content> </span><span>63</span> </xml>"<span>; </span><span>64</span> <span>if</span>(<span>$keyword</span>!=''<span>){ </span><span>65</span> <span>$id</span>="R90FXoW4OPtCbLkD9Aiaihz0"<span>; </span><span>66</span> <span>$url</span>="http://openapi.baidu.com/public/2.0/bmt/translate?client_id=<span>$id</span>&q=<span>$keyword</span>&from=auto&to=auto"<span>; </span><span>67</span> <span>$res</span>=<span>file_get_contents</span>(<span>$url</span><span>); </span><span>68</span> <span>$res</span>=json_decode(<span>$res</span>,<span>true</span><span>); </span><span>69</span> <span>$contentStr</span>=<span>$res</span>['trans_result'][0]['dst'<span>]; </span><span>70</span> } <span>$resultStr</span> = <span>sprintf</span>(<span>$textTpl</span>, <span>$fromUsername</span>, <span>$toUsername</span>, <span>$time</span>, <span>$contentStr</span><span>); </span><span>71</span> <span>echo</span> <span>$resultStr</span><span>; </span><span>72</span> <span> } </span><span>73</span> <span>} </span><span>74</span> ?>
示例2:API调用之小黄鸡
1、注册simsimi 账号
URL: http://developer.simsimi.com/signUp
2、 激活账号
3、 获取API Key
4、 具体实现
调用小黄鸡API 实现
调用simsim($keyword) 函数处理,将其中的“Your API Key” 换成申请到的API Key。
<span>//</span><span>小黄鸡 C++研究室 CopyRight 2016</span> <span>public</span> <span>function</span> simsim(<span>$keyword</span><span>){ </span><span>$key</span>="41250a68-3cb5-43c8-9aa2-d7b3caf519b1"<span>; </span><span>$url_simsimi</span>="http://sandbox.api.simsimi.com/request.p?key=".<span>$key</span>."&lc=ch&ft=0.0&text=".<span>$keyword</span><span>; </span><span>$json</span>=<span>file_get_contents</span>(<span>$url_simsimi</span>); <span>//</span><span> 把整个文件读入一个字符串中</span> <span>$result</span>=json_decode(<span>$json</span>,<span>true</span>); <span>//</span><span> 对JSON 格式的字符串进行编码 //$errorCode=$result['result']; // 调试用</span> <span>$response</span>=<span>$result</span>['response']; <span>//</span><span> 回复的消息</span> <span>if</span>(!<span>empty</span>(<span>$response</span><span>)){ </span><span>return</span> <span>$response</span><span>; }</span><span>else</span><span>{ </span><span>$ran</span>=<span>rand</span>(1,5<span>); </span><span>switch</span>(<span>$ran</span><span>){ </span><span>case</span> 1: <span>return</span> "小鸡鸡今天累了,明天再陪你聊天吧。"<span>; </span><span>break</span><span>; </span><span>case</span> 2: <span>return</span> "小鸡鸡睡觉喽~~"<span>; </span><span>break</span><span>; </span><span>case</span> 3: <span>return</span> "呼呼~~呼呼~~"<span>; </span><span>break</span><span>; </span><span>case</span> 4: <span>return</span> "你话好多啊,不跟你聊了"<span>; </span><span>break</span><span>; </span><span>case</span> 5: <span>return</span> "感谢您关注西安校园创客空间"."\n"."微信号:xaxymaker"."\n"<span>; </span><span>break</span><span>; </span><span>default</span>: <span>return</span> "感谢您关注西安校园创客空间"."\n"."微信号:xaxymaker"."\n"<span>; </span><span>break</span><span>; } } }</span>
同时,微信公众号还可以实现 天气查询 火车查询 快递查询 会员卡、优惠券、大转盘、微网站、3G相册之类的。微菜单,微网站,微会员,微团购,微调研,微相册,微推送,微统计,微支付,微客服,等等功能。
以上便是简单的微信公众平台基本教程,如果你用心感悟了,感觉你有所收获了,一切始于实践,请按照教程入手,开启你的微信开发之旅吧!! 如果还有什么不懂的,请扫一扫公众号二维码关注,回复“代码”、“微信教程” ... 全部视频教程 代码资料 等着你!!!
感谢你的阅读,请用心感悟!希望可以帮到初学的您!!分享也是一种快乐!!!请接力。。。